Inheritance of maintenance and restoration of the Diplotaxis muralis (mur) cytoplasmic male sterility system in summer rape

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Riungu ◽  
P. B. E. McVetty
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Restorer Genes ◽  
Ready Availability ◽  
System Maintenance

The inheritance of Diplotaxis muralis (L) DC. mur cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) system maintenance and restoration in summer rape (Brassica napus L.) was studied by crossing eight summer rape cultivars of diverse origin to a winter habit mur CMS A-line. The F1 progenies from all eight crosses were male fertile and were selfed to produce the F2 generation. The F2 generation was grown in the field and data on segregation for male fertility and sterility were recorded and analyzed. The F2 segregation data showed that mur CMS restoration in summer rape is controlled by dominant alleles at one to three restorer genes. The number of genes for the restoration of male fertility in mur CMS varied both among and, occasionally, within cultivars. Maintainer lines for mur CMS must carry recessive alleles in homozygous condition at all three restorer genes. The ready availability of summer rape restorers suggests that the mur CMS system has good potential for hybrid cultivar development and hybrid seed production in summer rape; however, maintainers in summer rape must first be discovered or developed. Key words: Cytoplasmic male sterility, canola, Brassica napus, male sterility

Evaluation of the cost of restoration of male fertility in Brassica napus

Botany ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 847-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin R. Montgomery ◽  
Maia F. Bailey ◽  
Gregory G. Brown ◽  
Lynda F. Delph
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Pollen Counts ◽  
Restorer Genes ◽  
The Cost

Gynodioecy frequently results from the interplay of mitochondrial cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and nuclear fertility-restoration genes. Models suggest that maintaining cytonuclear gynodioecy requires that restorer genes incur a cost to fitness because otherwise they would increase toward fixation. Direct tests of costs of restorer alleles require knowledge of the underlying genetics of sex determination. We use a well characterized CMS system in Brassica napus L. to measure aspects of fitness in four lineages that vary in whether they carry the pol CMS gene or male-fertile cytoplasm (cam), and whether they carry the Rfp restorer of pol or Rfn restorer of the nap CMS gene. As expected, plants with pol CMS and only the Rfn restorer experienced reduced flower size, stamen length, and pollen counts. Plants with pol and the Rfp restorer showed incomplete restoration with shorter stamens than both lines with cam cytoplasm and reduced pollen counts compared with plants with cam cytoplasm and the Rfp restorer. Among plants with cam cytoplasm, pollen counts were higher for those with the Rfp than Rfn restorer, indicating a greater cost of restoration associated with Rfn. These results demonstrate that costs of restoration differ for the Rfn and Rfp alleles in B. napus.

Cytoplasmic male sterility in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.): female fertility of restored rapeseed with "Ogura" and cybrids cytoplasms

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pellan-Delourme ◽  
M. Renard
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Female Fertility ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Restorer Genes

The study of Brassica napus L. plants carrying restorer genes introgressed from radish (Raphanus sativus L.) showed that these genes ensured restoration of male fertility in rapeseed for all the male sterility-inducing cytoplasm studied, i.e., "Ogura"-type cytoplasm and that of four cybrids obtained by protoplast fusion. Plants with high levels of restored male fertility were obtained. However, the introduction of restorer genes was accompanied by a large decrease in seed set. Observations of embryo sacs inside the ovules and correlation between number of seeds per pod and percentage of octonucleate embryo sacs indicated that low seed set could be attributed to a high rate of embryo sac abortion, mainly at the uninucleate stage. Introduction of too much radish genetic information was assumed to be the cause of this low female fertility. Female fertility must be improved before the restored material can be used for F1 hybrid rapeseed production.Key words: Brassica napus, Raphanus sativus, cytoplasmic male sterility, restorer, cybrid, female fertility, embryo sac.

Comparison of the effect of mur and nap cytoplasms on the performance of intercultivar summer rape hybrids

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresio C. Riungu ◽  
Peter B. E. McVetty
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Biological Cost ◽  
Hybrid Group

The performance of six isogenic pairs of male fertility restored, hand-crossed, summer rape (Brassica napus L.) hybrids, in the mur and nap cytoplasms, were investigated in four Manitoba environments. Hybrids in both cytoplasms exhibited high-parent heterosis for seed yield, total dry matter (TDM) and, to a lesser degree, harvest index (HI). Negative high parent heterosis for days to flowering, days to maturity, oil concentration and protein concentration was observed. Combined over hybrids within cytoplasms, the mur and nap cytoplasmic hybrid groups differed in oil concentration in all environments, and in protein concentration in one of four environments. Similarly, the mur hybrid group was lower-yielding and had lower TDM, HI and oil concentration, but higher protein concentration than the nap hybrid group. Even though there are some biological costs associated with the mur cytoplasm, especially for oil concentration, it appears that the mur cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) system has good potential for use in summer rape hybrid cultivar breeding and commercial hybrid seed production, since hybrids in the mur cytoplasm display heterosis for many traits in absolute terms. Key words: Biological cost, Brassica napus L., cytoplasmic male sterility, heterosis, hybrid

Diplotaxis muralis (mur) cytoplasmic male sterility system maintainer occurrence and frequency in summer rape

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresio C. Riungu ◽  
Peter B. E. McVetty
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile

No male sterile plants were found in the F1 progeny from crosses between a Diplotaxis muralis cytoplasmic male sterile (mur CMS) semi-winter habit rape (Brassica napus L.) A-line and 101 genetically diverse summer rape cultivars or strains. The frequency of occurrence of mur CMS system maintainer genotypes in summer rape is very low, possibly zero. Key words: Mur CMS system; Brassica napus L.

Comparison of the effect of nap and pol cytoplasms on the performance of three summer oilseed rape cultivar-derived isoline pairs

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. E. McVetty ◽  
R. Pinnisch
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Male Sterile Cytoplasm ◽  
The One

The pol cytoplasm is a male sterile cytoplasm with potential for use in hybrid summer rape (Brassica napus L.) seed production while the nap cytoplasm is the one most commonly encountered in summer rape cultivars. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of three cultivar-derived summer rape isoline pairs in the nap and pol cytoplasms to determine the relative effect on performance of these two cytoplasms. One nap line yielded significantly more than its corresponding pol line, three nap lines had significantly higher oil content than their corresponding pol lines, two nap lines had significantly higher protein content than their corresponding pol lines, and two nap lines produced significantly more seed energy than their corresponding pol lines. There are pleiotropic negative effects (biological costs) associated with the pol cytoplasm. These negative effects are affected by nuclear genotype and appear to be related to the depth of male sterility expressed in the derived pol A-line. Key words: Cytoplasm cost, Brassica napus L., cytoplasmic male sterility

Alloplasmic male sterile Brassica napus with Enarthrocarpus lyratus cytoplasm: introgression and molecular mapping of an E. lyratus chromosome segment carrying a fertility restoring gene

Genome ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 792-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
H S Janeja ◽  
S K Banga ◽  
P B Bhaskar ◽  
S S Banga
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Molecular Mapping ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Fertility Restorer ◽  
Donor Species

A cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) system for Brassica napus (2n = 38; AACC) was developed by backcross substitution of its nucleus into the cytoplasm of a wild crucifer, Enarthrocarpus lyratus. Male sterility was complete, stable, and expressed in small flowers with rudimentary anthers. Since the B. napus germplasm lines were complete or partial maintainers of male sterility, the required fertility restorer gene (Rfl) was introgressed from the cytoplasm donor species. Inheritance studies carried out on F1 and F2 populations derived from hybridizing cytoplasmic male sterile and male fertile near-isogenic (PNILs) lines of B. napus 'Westar', revealed a monogenic dominant control for fertility restoration. Bulked segregant analysis with 215 RAPD primers helped in the identification of putative primers associated with fertility restoration. Co-segregation analysis of eight such primers with Rfl gene revealed two markers, OPK 15700 and OPZ 061300, which flank the Rfl locus on either side at a distance of 8.2 and 2.5 cM, respectively. These DNA markers will be useful in marker-assisted selection for improving the commercial potential of this newly developed CMS-fertility-restorer system for hybrid seed production programs in rapeseed.Key words: oilseed rape, hybrids, cytoplasmic male sterility, fertility restoration, RAPD mapping.

Inheritance of male fertility restoration and allelism of restorer genes for the Polima cytoplasmic male sterility system in oilseed rape

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1044-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Fang ◽  
P. B. E. McVetty
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Restorer Gene ◽  
Fertility Restorer ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Restorer Genes ◽  
Segregation Ratios ◽  
Male Fertility Restoration

The inheritance of male fertility restoration for the pol cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) system in summer rape (Brassica napus L.) was determined. Male fertility:sterility segregation ratios observed in F2 and backcross generations derived from crosses and backcrosses between two pol CMS A lines and the male fertility restorer gene(s) sources Italy and UM2353 were used in this study. Italy and UM2353 were found to possess a single Mendelian dominant gene with high male fertility restoration capabilities for the pol CMS system. Tests for allelism of the restorer genes were also conducted using male fertility:sterility segregation ratios observed in F3 families derived from crosses between F1 plants containing genes for male fertility restoration from the Italy and UM2353 restorer gene sources. The male fertility restorer gene from Italy (designated Rfp1) was found to be different (i.e., nonallelic) from the restorer gene possessed by UM2353 (designated Rfp2).Key words: Brassica napus L., oilseed rape, male fertility restoration, pol cytoplasmic male sterility.

MAINTAINERS AND RESTORERS FOR THREE MALE-STERILITY-INDUCING CYTOPLASMS IN RAPE (Brassica napus L.)

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Fan ◽  
B. R. STEFANSSON ◽  
J. L. SERNYK
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Extra Chromosome ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Restoration Of Fertility

The F1 progenies from crosses involving 32 Brassica napus L. strains (including named cultivars) and male-sterile plants carrying one of the three cytoplasms, ogu, nap, and pol were evaluated for male fertility. All strains were found to be maintainers for the ogu cytoplasm. The fertility of the nap male-sterile plants were fully restored by 30 strains. The cultivar Bronowski partially maintained the nap male sterility, and segregation for male fertility/sterility was observed in the F1 hybrid between nap male sterile plants and the cultivar Lergo. Lergo, therefore, appears to be heterogeneous for genes conditioning maintenance and restoration of this type of male sterility. Most strains were maintainers and the balance were partial maintainers for the pol cytoplasm. The F2 and backcross data obtained under a controlled environment suggest that both the cultivars Karat and Westar possess a single dominant gene for the restoration of fertility in nap cytoplasm. Fertility in the pol cytoplasm was restored in the F1 of crosses between pol B. napus and the B. juncea L. Czern. cultivar ZEM. Five male fertile lines of pol B. napus were selected from the ZEM crosses after five generations of backcrossing to B. napus cultivar Regent and three generations of self-pollination. Selection for fertility during backcrossing and self-pollination resulted in selection for an extra chromosome involved with male fertility restoration.Key words: Rape, Brassica napus L., CMS, maintainers, restorers

INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON STERILITY OF TWO CYTOPLASMIC MALE-STERILITY SYSTEMS IN RAPE (Brassica napus L.)

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHEGONG FAN ◽  
B. R. STEFANSSON
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

The effect of temperature on two cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS) systems in rape (Brassica napus L.) was investigated. These were the nap CMS system with cytoplasm which occurs in most Canadian cultivars and the pol CMS system with cytoplasm from the cultivar Polima. The day/night temperature regimes used were 22/16, 26/20 and 30/24 °C. Two floral characteristics, anther type and stamen length, were influenced by temperature treatments. Male sterility of both CMS systems was expressed consistently at the lowest temperature. The nap male-sterile plants became partially sterile at the second temperature and fully fertile at the highest temperature. The pol male-sterile plants were more stable and became partially sterile only at the highest temperature.Key words: Rape, Brassica napus L., CMS, temperature

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document