scholarly journals Analysis of Revision Surgery of Microsurgical Lumbar Discectomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taku Inada ◽  
Sei Nishida ◽  
Taigo Kawaoka ◽  
Toshiyuki Takahashi ◽  
Junya Hanakita
Keyword(s):  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Revision Surgery ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Herniated Disc ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Primary Surgery ◽  
Surgery Group ◽  
Significant Difference

<sec><title>Study Design</title><p>A retrospective study.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Our objectives were to determine the association between the pathological changes of disc herniation and the interval between primary and revision surgeries and to investigate the frequency and site of the dural laceration in the primary and revision surgeries.</p></sec><sec><title>Overview of Literature</title><p>Among 382 patients who underwent microsurgical lumbar discectomy, we investigated 29 who underwent revision surgery to analyze recurrent herniation pathologies and complications to determine the manner in which lumbar disc herniation can be more efficiently managed.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Of 29 patients, 22 had recurrent disc herniation at the same level and site. The pathological changes associated with compression factors were classified into the following two types depending on intraoperative findings: (1) true recurrence and (2) minor recurrence with peridural fibrosis (&gt;4 mm thickness). The sites of dural laceration were examined using video footage and operative records.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The pathological findings and days between the primary and revision surgeries showed no statistical difference (<italic>p</italic>=0.14). Analysis of multiple factors, revealed no significant difference between the primary and revision surgery groups with regard to hospital days (<italic>p</italic>=0.23), blood loss (<italic>p</italic>=0.99), and operative time (<italic>p</italic>=0.67). Dural lacerations obviously increased in the revision surgery group (1.3% vs. 16.7%, <italic>p</italic>&lt;0.01) and were mainly located near the herniated disc in the primary surgery group and near the root shoulder in the revision surgery group, where severe fibrosis and adhesion were confirmed. To avoid dural laceration during revision surgery, meticulous decompressive manipulation must be performed around the root sleeve.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>We recommend that meticulous epidural dissection around the scar formation must be performed during revision surgery to avoid complications.</p></sec>

scholarly journals The Clinical Results of Percutaneous Endoscopic Interlaminar Discectomy (PEID) in the Treatment of Calcified Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Case-Control Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2;2) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Fu Qiang
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Disc Herniation ◽  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Herniated Disc ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Control Study

Background: Percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy (PEID), which poses advantages for certain types of herniated disc, is gaining wider acceptance in clinical practice. We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of the PEID technique in treatment of calcified lumbar disc herniation. Study Design: A retrospective case-control study. Setting: University hospital in China. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the PEID technique in treatment of calcified lumbar disc herniation, and a comparison between calcified and noncalcified disc herniation was drawn to analyze the causes of herniated disc calcification. Methods: Data from patients who underwent full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy in our department between March 2011 and May 2013 were collected. Thirty cases with calcified lumbar disc herniation were included in the study group, and 30 age-, gender-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched cases with noncalcified lumbar disc herniation served as controls. Perioperative data, preoperative and postoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) values, MacNab scores, and postoperative low-extremity dysesthesia among patients in the 2 groups were collected. Results: The values of computed tomography (CT) in the calcified group were significantly higher than those in the noncalcified group (P < 0.01). The preoperative disease courses in the 2 groups were similar. However, there was a statistically significant difference in the duration of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) administration (P < 0.01). VAS and ODI scores improved significantly after surgery, but there were no significant differences between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Three months after surgery, the rate of low-extremity dysesthesia in the calcified group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P = 0.03) but became similar at 6 months. By applying MacNab criteria the proportions of good and excellent were greater than 90% in both groups, and there was no difference between groups (P > 0.05). Limitations: The sample size was small in this retrospective study. Conclusion: The PEID technique is an effective method in the treatment of calcified lumber disc herniation, although the rate of postoperative dysesthesia is higher in this group during the early postoperative period. Long-term TCM administration may be related to the calcification of herniated lumbar discs. Key words: Lumbar disc herniation, percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy, interlaminar approach, calcification

scholarly journals Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy for L5-S1 Disc Herniation: Consideration of the Relation between the Iliac Crest and L5-S1 Disc

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2;2) ◽  
pp. E301-E308
Author(s):  
Kyung-Chul Choi
Keyword(s):  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Iliac Crest ◽  
Facet Joint ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Leg Pain ◽  
Herniated Disc ◽  
Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Foraminal Height

Background: Percutaneous transforaminal techniques for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation have markedly evolved. Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) for L5-S1 disc herniation is regarded as challenging due to the unique anatomy of the iliac crest, large facet joint, and inclinatory disc space. Among these, the iliac crest is considered a major obstacle. There are no studies regarding the height of the iliac crest and their appropriate procedures in PELD. Objectives: This study discusses PELD for L5-S1 disc herniation and the appropriate approach according to the height of iliac crest. Study Design: Retrospective evaluation. Methods: 100 consecutive patients underwent PELD via the transforaminal route for L5-S1 disc herniation by a single surgeon. The study was divided into 2 groups: the foraminoplasty group requiring foraminal widening to access the herniated disc and the non-foraminoplasty group treated by conventional posterolateral access. Radiological parameters such as iliac height, the relative position of the iliac crest to the landmarks of the L5-S1 level, iliosacral angle and foraminal height, and disc location were considered. Clinical outcomes were assessed by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS, 0 – 10) for back and leg pain, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI, 0 – 100%), and the modified MacNab criteria. Results: The overall VAS scores for back and leg pain decreased from 6.0 to 2.3 and from 7.5 to 1.7. The mean ODI (%) improved from 54.0 to 11.6. Using modified MacNab criteria, a good outcome was 92%. Foraminoplasty was required in 19 patients. Iliac crest height was significantly higher in the foraminoplasty group than the non-foraminoplasty group (37.7 mm vs 30.1 mm, P < 0.001). In the foraminoplasty group, the iliac crest is above the mid L5 pedicle on lateral radiography in all cases. There were no significant differences in foraminal height, foraminal width, iliosacral angle, or disc height between the 2 groups. In addition, there were no differences in clinical outcome between the 2 groups. Limitations: This study is a retrospective analysis and simplifies the complexity of the L5-S1 level and iliac bone using two-dimensional radiography. Conclusion: In high iliac crest cases where the iliac crest is above the mid L5 pedicle in lateral radiography, foraminoplasty may be considered for transforaminal access of L5-S1 disc herniation. Conventional transforaminal access can be utilized with ease in low iliac crest cases where the iliac crest is below the mid-L5 pedicle. Key words: Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy, transforaminal, L5-S1, iliac crest, foraminoplasty

scholarly journals Does the microendoscopic technique reduce mortality and major complications in patients undergoing lumbar discectomy? A propensity score–matched analysis using a nationwide administrative database

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. E5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichi Ohya ◽  
Yasushi Oshima ◽  
Hirotaka Chikuda ◽  
Takeshi Oichi ◽  
Hiroki Matsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Lumbar Disc Herniation ◽  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Spinal Surgery ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Volume Number ◽  
Minimally Invasive Spinal Surgery ◽  
Major Complications ◽  
Significant Difference

OBJECTIVE Although minimally invasive spinal surgery has recently gained popularity, few nationwide studies have compared the adverse events that occur during endoscopic versus open spinal surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare perioperative complications associated with microendoscopic discectomy (MED) and open discectomy for patients with lumbar disc herniation. METHODS The authors retrospectively extracted from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, a national inpatient database in Japan, data for patients admitted between July 2010 and March 2013. Patients who underwent lumbar discectomy without fusion surgery were included in the analysis, and those with an urgent admission were excluded. The authors examined patient age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index, body mass index, smoking status, blood transfusion, duration of anesthesia, type of hospital, and hospital volume (number of patients undergoing discectomy at each hospital). One-to-one propensity score matching between the MED and open discectomy groups was performed to compare the proportions of in-hospital deaths, surgical site infections (SSIs), and major complications, including stroke, acute coronary events, pulmonary embolism, respiratory complications, urinary tract infection, and sepsis. The authors also compared the hospital length of stay between the 2 groups. RESULTS A total of 26,612 patients were identified in the database. The mean age was 49.6 years (SD 17.7 years). Among all patients, 17,406 (65.4%) were male and 6422 (24.1%) underwent MED. A propensity score–matched analysis with 6040 pairs of patients showed significant decreases in the occurrence of major complications (0.8% vs 1.3%, p = 0.01) and SSI (0.1% vs 0.2%, p = 0.02) in patients treated with MED compared with those who underwent open discectomy. Overall, MED was associated with significantly lower risks of major complications (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.43–0.89, p = 0.01) and SSI (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.09–0.87, p = 0.03) than open discectomy. There was a significant difference in length of hospital stay (11 vs 15 days, p < 0.001) between the groups. There was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality between MED and open discectomy. CONCLUSIONS The microendoscopic technique was associated with lower risks for SSI and major complications following discectomy in patients with lumbar disc herniation.

scholarly journals Endoscopic transforaminal lumbar discectomy in the treatment of multilevel disc herniations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denglu Yan ◽  
Zaiheng Zhang ◽  
Zhi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Disc Herniation ◽  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage ◽  
Multiple Level ◽  
Endoscopic Procedures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Endoscopic Discectomy ◽  
Disc Herniations

Abstract Background There were no studies in literature of multiple level lumbar disc herniation treatment by endoscopic procedures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic treatment multiple level lumbar disc herniation by compare to the one level disc herniation. Methods A total of 267 patients of lumbar disc herniation who had endoscopic surgery were categorized into three different groups depending on the level number of endoscopic procedures. 78 cases had one level procedure (OL group), 54 cases had couple level procedures (CL group), and 35 cases had triple level procedures (TL group). Endoscopic discectomy procedures was performed and the clinical outcomes were recorded. Results There was no intraoperative death in this series. The hospital day were no significant difference among three groups. The operational time and blood loss were biggest in triple levels procedures and lest in one level procedure. When take into the influence the numbers of disc herniation, there were no significant difference per level among three groups. The pain index and ODI score were better than preoperational in all patients, and there were no significant difference among three groups. The disk and foramen height, and lumbar lordosis were no significant difference compare to preoperative in all patients, and there were no significant difference among three groups. All patients achieved pain free accomplished all surgery procedures, no infection, and no dural tear of cerebrospinal fluid leakage complication. Conclusions Endoscopic lumbar discectomy was effective and safe procedures in the treatment of multilevel lumbar disc herniation.

scholarly journals Comparison of Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy and Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Revision Surgery for the Recurrent Lumbar Disc Herniation After Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anqi Wang ◽  
Zhengrong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Lumbar Disc Herniation ◽  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Revision Surgery ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion ◽  
Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy

Abstract Background: Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) has become a feasible alternative to the conventional open surgery for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH), but PELD is associated with a certain rate of recurrence. Therefore, a good choice of surgical approach for recurrent lumbar disc herniation (rLDH) is important. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes between PELD and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) for revision surgery for the rLDH after primary PELD surgery.Methods: This study retrospectively assessed 46 patients who suffered from rLDH after PELD surgery in Peking University First Hospital from January 2015 to June 2019, and patients were divided into two groups, PELD group (n=24) and MIS-TLIF group (n=22), according to different revision surgical methods. Preoperative data, perioperative conditions, complications, recurrence condition, and clinical outcomes were compared between these two groups.Results: Compared with the MIS-TLIF group, the PELD group was associated with shorter operative time, less intraoperative hemorrhage, and shorter post-operative hospitalization, but higher recurrence rate. Complication rates were comparable between two groups. Both the two groups could provide patients with satisfactory clinical outcomes at the 12-month follow-up after revision surgery. Compared with MIS-TLIF, PELD was associated with visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores of back pain, and Oswestry disability index (ODI) at the 1-month follow-up, whereas this effect was equalized after 6 months postoperatively.Conclusions: Either PELD or MIS-TLIF surgery could provide satisfactory clinical outcomes for revision surgery for the rLDH after primary PELD. PELD brought advantages in shorter operative time, less intraoperative hemorrhage, and shorter post-operative hospitalization over MIS-TLIF, however, higher postoperative recurrence rate of PELD couldn’t be ignored. Surgeons must weigh advantages against disadvantages of these surgical methods and fully informed patients preoperatively.

scholarly journals Fully Endoscopic Transforaminal Lumbar Discectomy for Upward Migration of Upper Lumbar Disc Herniation: Clinical and Radiological Outcomes and Technical Considerations

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Dong Hwa Heo ◽  
Dong Keun Lee ◽  
Dong Chan Lee ◽  
Hyeun Sung Kim ◽  
Choon Keun Park
Keyword(s):  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Facet Joint ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Early Recurrence ◽  
Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Herniated Disc ◽  
Upward Migration ◽  
Postoperative Mri ◽  
Alternative Treatment Option ◽  
Herniated Discs

Microdiscectomy for the upward migration of upper lumbar herniated discs has a high risk of isthmus and facet injury. Fully endoscopic transforaminal discectomy can preserve normal bony structures during discectomy. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical and radiological outcomes of fully endoscopic transforaminal discectomy for upward migrated upper lumbar herniated discs. All patients had upward migrated disc herniation from L1–L2 to L3–L4 levels and were treated using fully endoscopic transforaminal discectomy under local anesthesia. All enrolled patients were monitored for more than 12 months. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and visual analog scale (VAS) of pain. Surgery-related complications were analyzed. In addition, radiological outcomes were investigated using postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and lumbar dynamic X-ray. Twenty-eight patients were enrolled in this study. ODI and VAS significantly decreased after endoscopic transforaminal discectomy. Migrated ruptured disc particles were completely removed and confirmed on postoperative MRI in 26 of the 28 patients. Even though small remnant disc particles were detected in two patients, symptoms improved after endoscopic transforaminal discectomy. Early recurrence of herniated disc occurred at the operated segment in one patient. There were no significant complications associated with fully endoscopic transforaminal discectomy. Three patients experienced a postoperative transient tingling sensation and numbness of the leg. Fully endoscopic transforaminal lumbar discectomy may be an effective and alternative treatment option for upward migrated disc herniation in the upper lumbar area. In addition, fully endoscopic transforaminal lumbar discectomy may prevent complications associated with general endotracheal anesthesia and injuries of the isthmus and the facet joint.

scholarly journals Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy as an Alternative to Open Lumbar Microdiscectomy for Large Lumbar Disc Herniation

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2;2) ◽  
pp. E291-E300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Sung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Lumbar Disc Herniation ◽  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Disc Height ◽  
Herniated Disc ◽  
Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy

Background: Remarkable advancements in endoscopic spinal surgery have led to successful outcomes comparable to those of conventional open surgery. Large lumbar disc herniation (LLDH) is a serious condition, resulting in higher surgical failure when accessing the herniated disc. Objectives: This study compared the outcomes of LLDH treated with percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) and open lumbar microdiscectomy (OLM). Study Design: Retrospective assessment. Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted from January 2011 to June 2012. Forty-four consecutive patients diagnosed with LLDH without cauda equina syndrome who were scheduled to undergo spinal surgery were included. LLDH was defined as herniated disc fragment occupying > 50% of the spinal canal. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS, 0 – 10), functional status was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI, 0 – 100%) at 1, 6, and 24 months postoperatively and surgical satisfaction rate (0 – 100%) at final follow up. Radiological variables were assessed by plain radiography. Results: Forty-three patients were included; 20 and 23 patients underwent PELD and OLM, respectively. Both groups exhibited significant improvements in leg and back pain postoperatively (P < 0.001). Although there was no significant difference in leg pain improvement between the groups, improvement in back pain was significantly higher in the PELD group than in the OLM group (4.9 ± 1.5 vs. 2.5 ± 1.0, P < 0.001). The surgical satisfaction rate of the PELD group was significantly higher than that of the OLM group (91.3% ± 6.5 vs. 84.3% ± 5.2, P < 0.001). Mean operating time, hospital stay, and time until return to work were significantly shorter in the PELD group than in the OLM group (67.8 vs. 136.7 minutes, 1.5 vs. 7.2 days, and 4.2 vs. 8.6 weeks; P < 0.001). Disc height (%) decreased significantly from 23.7 ± 3.3 to 19.1 ± 3.7 after OLM (P < 0.001), but did not change significantly after PELD (23.6 ± 3.2 to 23.4 ± 4.2; P = 0.703). The segmental angle of the operated level increased from 10.3° to 15.4° in the PELD group, which was significantly higher than that in the OLM group (9.6° to 11.6°; P = 0.038). In the OLM group, there was one case of fusion due to instability. In the PELD group, one case required revision surgery and another case experienced recurrence. There were no perioperative complications in either group. Limitation: The study was retrospective with a small sample size and short follow-up period. Conclusion: PELD can be an effective treatment for LLDH, and it is associated with potential advantages, including a rapid recovery, improvements in back pain, and disc height preservation. Key words: Large lumbar disc herniation, percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy, microdiscectomy, back pain, disc height

scholarly journals Comparison of Transforaminal Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy with and without Foraminoplasty for Lumbar Disc Herniation: A 2-Year Follow-Up

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binbin Wu ◽  
Gonghao Zhan ◽  
Xinyi Tian ◽  
Linyu Fan ◽  
Chenchen Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Disc Herniation ◽  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy

Background. Both transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy with foraminoplasty (TF PELF) and transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy without foraminoplasty (TF PELD) were developed for lumbar disc herniation (LDH) patients. However, the safety and effectiveness between the TF PELF and TF PELD have not been investigated. Methods. Of the included 140 LDH patients, 62 patients received TF PELF (PELF group) and 78 patients received TF PELD (PELD group). The operation time, the duration of staying at the hospital, and complication incidences were recorded. All patients were followed up for 2 years, where low back and leg visual analogue scale (VAS) pain ratings and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were compared between the 2 groups before and after surgery. Modified Macnab criterion was estimated for all patients at postoperative 2 years. Results. There were no significant difference of the operation time, number of days staying at the hospital, and the incidence of complications between the 2 groups (P>0.05). Two cases in the PELF group and 1 case in the PELD group received a second surgery due to unrelieved symptoms postoperatively. Low back and leg VAS and ODI scores decreased in both groups after operation (P<0.01), respectively, but were not significant between the 2 groups over time (P>0.05). Six patients in the PELF group and 3 patients in the PELD group did not continue the follow-up; thus, only 131 patients completed Macnab evaluation. The satisfactory rate was reported as 80.4% in the PELF group and 90.7% in the PELD group (P>0.05). Conclusions. This study suggested that the safety and effectiveness of TF PELF are comparable to TF PELD for LDH patients.

scholarly journals Posterior percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy combined with the vertical anchoring technique for lumbar disc herniation with distant upward migration

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Xia ◽  
Qiongyue Zhang ◽  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Keran Wang ◽  
Xun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Disc Herniation ◽  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Japanese Orthopaedic Association ◽  
Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Herniated Disc ◽  
Upward Migration ◽  
Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Anchoring Technique

Abstract Background Posterior percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) has become a preferred procedure for the treatment of simple lumbar disc herniation (LDH) but has rarely been reported for distant upward migration. The purpose of this research was to investigate the feasibility, safety, clinical efficacy and technical points of posterior PELD combined with the vertical anchoring technique (VAT) for the treatment of LDH with distant upward migration. Methods Thirteen patients with distant upward migrated LDH who underwent posterior PELD combined with the VAT from March 2016 to May 2018 were selected. Among these cases, the herniated disc was located at L3/4 in 2 patients, L4/5 in 9 patients and L5/S1 in 2 patients. The operative time, length of hospital stay and postoperative complications were recorded. The visual analogue score (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores and modified MacNab criteria were used to assess surgical efficacy. Results All 13 patients underwent successful surgery. We compared the VAS, ODI and JOA scores before and after surgery. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). According to the modified MacNab criteria, 10 patients were assessed as “excellent”, 2 patients were assessed as “good” and 1 patient was assessed as “fair” at the last follow-up. The rate of satisfactory outcomes was 92.3%. Conclusion Posterior PELD combined with the VAT is a safe and feasible procedure for the treatment of LDH with distant upward migration and represents a new approach for this type of surgery.

scholarly journals Functional outcomes of full-endoscopic spine surgery for high-grade migrated lumbar disc herniation: a prospective registry-based cohort study with more than 5 years of follow-up

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Wu ◽  
Ching-Yu Lee ◽  
Sheng Chi Chen ◽  
Shao-Keh Hsu ◽  
Meng-Huang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Herniated Disc ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Spinal Fusion Surgery ◽  
Spine Registry ◽  
Incomplete Removal ◽  
Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy

Abstract Background Full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy (FELD) is an alternative to posterior open surgery to treat a high-grade migrated herniated disc. However, because of the complexity of the surgery, success is dependent on the surgeon’s skill. Therefore, patients are frequently treated using open discectomy. Anatomical constraints and technical difficulties can lead to the incomplete removal of high-grade migrated discs. Methods We retrospectively reviewed patients who had undergone FELD performed by a single surgeon between January 2010 and January 2014 from a prospective spine registry in an institute. Perioperative records and data of the Oswestry Disability Index, visual analog scale scores (preoperatively and 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 5 years after the operation), and MacNab criteria were collected. Results Of 58 patients with a follow-up duration of > 5 years, (41 and 17 patients had undergone transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy [TELD] and interlaminar endoscopic lumbar discectomy [IELD], respectively), the satisfaction rate was 87.8% (five unsatisfactory cases) for TELD and 100% for IELD. The overall percentage of patients with good to excellent results according to modified MacNab criteria was 91.3% (53/58 patients). Two patients had residual discs. Two patients needed an open discectomy due to recurrent disc herniation. One IELD patient received spinal fusion surgery due to segmental instability after 5 years. Conclusion FELD has a high success rate for the management of high-grade migrated herniated discs. In patients with high-grade disc migration from L1 to L5, TELD is effective and safe. However, for L4–L5 and L5–S1 high-grade upward and downward disc migration, IELD is the favorable option and provides high patient satisfaction.

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