Primary sinonasal malignant melanoma: a nationwide study of the Swedish population, 1960-2000

Objective: To establish population-based trends for sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SNMM) in Sweden. Methods: We identified 186 patients from the Swedish National Cancer Registry diagnosed with primary melanomas arising from the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, or both, during the period 1960 through 2000. Incidence, gender and age, primary anatomical sites, geographic distribution, treatment and survival were investigated. Results: The age-standardized incidence of SNMM increased significantly during the 41-year-period, with a higher overall incidence for females than males, but with a more rapid increase for males than for females. The incidence increased with age, peaking after the eightieth year in both genders. About 70 % of the cases were clinically amelanotic. The most common primary treatment was surgery. Five-year, disease-specific survival rates were poor for all these patients, but women had a significantly better survival time than men. For both genders the survival rate lengthened during the study period, irrespective of therapeutic strategy. Conclusion: SNMM is a rare disease, but the incidence in Sweden has increased significantly from 1960 through 2000, although not at the same pace as that of cutaneous malignant melanoma. Both the incidence and the survival were significantly higher in females than in males, but the reason for these gender differences is unknown.

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Sinonasal malignancies in Sweden 1960-2010; a nationwide study of the Swedish population

Rhinology Journal ◽

10.4193/rhino14.070 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 75-80

Author(s):

A. Elliot ◽

M. Jangard ◽

L. Marklund ◽

N. Hakansson ◽

P. Dickman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nasal Cavity ◽

Relative Survival ◽

Population Based ◽

Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽

Swedish Population ◽

Nationwide Study ◽

Adenoid Cystic ◽

Sinonasal Malignancies ◽

Gender And Age ◽

Sinonasal Malignant Melanoma

Introduction: Sinonasal malignancies (SNM) are rare and the prognosis is generally poor. Recently, a change in incidence for SNM has been reported. In this study, we investigated population-based trends for SNM in Sweden. Methods: We identified 3,221 patients from the Swedish National Cancer Registry diagnosed with primary malignancies arising from the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, or both, during the period 1960 through 2010. Incidence, gender and age, anatomical sites and relative survival were investigated. Results: The incidence for SNM decreased except for sinonasal malignant melanoma (SNMM) and adenoid cystic cancer (even though a very small group) during the study period. More than 50 % of the malignancies involved the nasal cavity. The five-year relative survival was highest for adenoid cystic cancer followed by adenocarcinoma. SNMM and undifferentiated carcinoma had the poorest prognosis. Conclusion: We found that the incidence for SNM has decreased during the study period 1960 through 2010, except for SNMM that has increased.

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Sinonasal mucosal melanoma: treatment strategies and survival rates for a rare disease entity

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift ◽

10.1007/s00508-021-01847-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alexandros Andrianakis ◽

Peter Kiss ◽

Markus Pomberger ◽

Axel Wolf ◽

Dietmar Thurnher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rare Disease ◽

Survival Data ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Delayed Diagnosis ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Primary Treatment ◽

Mucosal Melanoma ◽

Disease Entity ◽

Improve Outcome ◽

Initial Symptoms

Summary Background Sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SNMM) is a rare disease entity comprising 0.4–1.3% of all melanomas. Surgery with free margins has been the primary treatment over decades. Neither the addition of radiotherapy nor chemotherapy could significantly improve outcome rates of this devastating malignancy. This study presents our clinical experience with SNMM over a 19-year period and summarizes the current body of literature on SNMM. Methods This retrospective analysis included 12 patients with SNMM treated from 2001 to 2019 at an academic center. Additionally, a literature review of the last 29 years on treatment and survival data of SNMM was conducted. Results Main initial symptoms were epistaxis and nasal obstruction. Of the patients 9 underwent endoscopic surgery, 6 received adjuvant therapy. 3 patients who did not undergo surgery, received chemoradiotherapy, radiotherapy alone, and chemotherapy alone, respectively. At the time of diagnosis 2 patients had distant metastases and 4 patients developed distant metastases during the course of the disease. Mean overall survival (OS) was 30.6 months, 3‑year and 5‑year OS were 25%, and 18.2%, respectively. Conclusion Unspecific symptoms and hidden anatomic locations lead to delayed diagnosis and increased rates of metastatic dissemination. Distant metastasis is the main treatment failure in SNMM. Surgery with free margins remains the primary treatment for SNMM. Adjuvant radiotherapy might improve local control in individual cases but efficient systemic therapy is needed to improve outcome rates. To evaluate and define more effective targeted treatment options and improve outcome rates, homogeneous data and prospective multicentric analysis are needed.

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Evidence for an association between cutaneous malignant melanoma and lymphoid malignancy: a population-based retrospective cohort study in Scotland

British Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1038/sj.bjc.6600692 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 88 (1) ◽

pp. 74-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

D B McKenna ◽

D Stockton ◽

D H Brewster ◽

V R Doherty

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Malignant Melanoma ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Population Based ◽

Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma ◽

Lymphoid Malignancy

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A prospective population-based study, aiming to support decision-making in a follow-up programme for patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma, based on patterns of recurrence

European Journal of Dermatology ◽

10.1684/ejd.2016.2845 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 586-591 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marianne Maroti ◽

Eva Ulff ◽

Johan Lyth ◽

Ursula Falkmer

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Malignant Melanoma ◽

Population Based ◽

Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Support Decision Making ◽

Patterns Of Recurrence

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Incidence, Mortality, and Spatiotemporal Distribution of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma Cases Across Canada

Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.1177/1203475419852048 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 394-412 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Feras M. Ghazawi ◽

Michelle Le ◽

François Lagacé ◽

Janelle Cyr ◽

Nebras Alghazawi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malignant Melanoma ◽

Age Groups ◽

Population Based ◽

Geographic Region ◽

Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma ◽

Steady Increase ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Future Burden ◽

Melanoma Mortality

Background: We recently reported a steady increase in the incidence and mortality of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in Canada during 1992-2010. Objectives: The objective of this article is to examine the distribution of Canadian CMM patients at the level of provinces, cities, and forward sortation area (FSA) postal codes. Methods: Using 3 Canadian population-based registries, we conducted an in-depth examination of the incidence and mortality trends for 72 565 Canadian CMM patients over the period 1992-2010. Results: We found that among 20- to 39-year-olds, the incidence of CMM in women (7.17 per 100 000 individuals) was significantly higher than in men (4.60 per 100 000 individuals per year). Women age 80 years and older had an incidence of CMM (58.46 cases per 100 000 women per year) more than 4 times greater than the national average (12.29 cases per 100 000 population per year) and a corresponding high mortality rate (20.18 deaths per 100 000 women per year), when compared with the Canadian melanoma mortality of 2.4 deaths per 100 000 per year. In other age groups men had higher incidence and corresponding melanoma mortality rates. We also studied CMM incidence by province, city, and FSA postal codes and identified several high-incidence communities that were located near the coast/waterfronts. In addition, plotting latitude measures for cities and FSAs vs CMM incidence rate confirmed the inverse relationship between geographical latitude and incidence of melanoma in Canada (slope = –0.22 ± 0.05). Conclusions: This research may help develop sex-, age- and geographic region-specific recommendations to decrease the future burden of CMM in Canada.

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Later Stage at Diagnosis and Worse Survival in Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma Among Men Living Alone: A Nationwide Population-Based Study From Sweden

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2013.52.7564 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (13) ◽

pp. 1356-1364 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Hanna Eriksson ◽

Johan Lyth ◽

Eva Månsson-Brahme ◽

Margareta Frohm-Nilsson ◽

Christian Ingvar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malignant Melanoma ◽

Clinical Stage ◽

Age Groups ◽

Population Based ◽

Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma ◽

Stage I ◽

Stage Ii ◽

Living Alone ◽

Stage At Diagnosis ◽

Population Based Study

Purpose To investigate the association between cohabitation status, clinical stage at diagnosis, and disease-specific survival in cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). Methods This nationwide population-based study included 27,235 patients from the Swedish Melanoma Register diagnosed with a primary invasive CMM between 1990 and 2007 and linked data to nationwide, population-based registers followed up through 2012. Results After adjustment for age at diagnosis, level of education, living area, period of diagnosis, and tumor site, the odds ratios (ORs) of higher stage at diagnosis were significantly increased among men living alone versus men living with a partner (stage II v stage I: OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.29 to 1.57; stage III or IV v stage I: OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.79). The OR for stage II versus stage I disease was also increased among women living alone (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.28). After adjustments for the factors listed earlier, the CMM-specific survival was significantly decreased among men living alone (hazard ratio [HR] for death, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.33 to 1.65; P < .001). After additional adjustments for all potential and established prognostic factors, CMM-specific survival among men living alone versus men living with a partner remained significantly decreased (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.18 to 1.46; P < .001), suggesting a residual adverse effect on survival not accounted for by these parameters. Conclusion In all age groups among men, living alone is significantly associated with reduced CMM-specific survival, partially attributed to a more advanced stage at diagnosis. This emphasizes the need for improved prevention and early detection strategies for this group.

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