Global USDA-NRCS soil texture class map

Abstract. Regional scale hydrological simulations are mostly based on the use of standard data sets such as soil maps which are based on soil texture classification schemes. This paper analyses the suitability of the German soil texture classification for the application of a physically based soil-vegetation-atmosphere-transfer scheme. Theoretical soil columns are defined to be able to represent the entire soil texture triangle by a 1% grid of the three particle size classes: sand, clay and silt. These theoretical soil columns are characterized by a homogenous soil texture and consist of two layers of increasing bulk density and decreasing content of organic matter with depth. Soil hydraulic parameterisation is derived by applying a pedotransfer function. Continuous water balance calculations are carried out for a ten year period for all grid cells of the 1% grid. The results of the water balance calculations are compared to the simulation results of the centre of gravity of the respective soil texture class. Texture class specific mean deviations and root mean squared deviations are calculated from the differences between the 1% pixels and texture class representatives. The results reveal that the loam and silt texture classes show only small deviations from the centres of gravity. For a few sand texture classes and most of the clay texture classes deviations are considerably large. Assuming an equal distributed probability of occurrence of all realisations within a soil texture class, an uncertainty of more than 100 mm/a with respect to runoff and actual evapotranspiration is detected for four clay texture classes, two sand texture classes and one silt texture class. These results are confirmed by a sensitivity analysis investigating the model response for a grid cell compared to the neighboured grid cells. High sensitivities mainly appear for sandy and clayey soils while the sensitivity of the model for loam and silt soils is smaller. Resuming it can be stated that most of the texture classes of the German texture classification scheme are suitable for the application of a physically based model, on regional scale in particular. Clay texture classes can be expected to cause high simulation uncertainties.

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Updating the Australian digital soil texture mapping (Part 1): re-calibration of field soil texture class centroids and description of a field soil texture conversion algorithm

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr20283 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Brendan Malone ◽

Ross Searle

Keyword(s):

Soil Texture ◽

Texture Mapping ◽

Field Soil ◽

Conversion Algorithm ◽

Texture Class

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Compatibility of granulometric groups determined based on standard BN-78/9180-11 and granulometric groups according to PTG 2008 and USDA texture classes

Soil Science Annual ◽

10.2478/ssa-2018-0023 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (4) ◽

pp. 223-233

Author(s):

Michał Stępień ◽

Elżbieta Bodecka ◽

Dariusz Gozdowski ◽

Magdalena Wijata ◽

Joanna Groszyk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Texture ◽

Texture Classification ◽

The United States ◽

Agricultural Drought ◽

United States Department ◽

Department Of Agriculture ◽

Great Probability ◽

Soil Particles ◽

Almost All ◽

Texture Class

Abstract Two groups of soil texture classification, differing in limit diameters for particular soil fractions, are used in Poland. The older groups of classifications consider soil particles as < 1 mm and divide them into sand (1.0–0.1 mm), silt (0.1–0.02 mm) and fine or flowable particles (< 0.02 mm). These classifications are used, in a version which originated in 1956 and here denominated as PTG/Musierowicz 1956 in land quality assessment and elaboration of soil agricultural maps. Newer versions of these classifications – professional standard BN-78/9180-11 (1978) and division of soils in agronomic categories described in 1986 – are used in fertilizer recommendations and in agricultural drought monitoring. According to the new soil texture classification PTG 2008, the upper diameter limit for soil particles is 2 mm and these parts are divided into sand (2.0–0.05 mm), silt (0.05–0.002 mm) and clay (<0.002 mm). This classification is compatible with soil texture classification elaborated by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and most frequently applied worldwide. In this paper, the results of analyses of 1087 soil samples representing almost all granulometric groups existing in older and newer Polish soil texture classifications were considered. On the base of the current and earlier studies, the table with probability of occurrence of granulometric group PTG 2008 or texture class USDA for particular granulometric groups BN-78/9180-11 was prepared. For majority of granulometric groups (pl, ps, psp, pgl, pgmp, gp, gpp, gl, glp, gc, gcp, ip, płi) determined on the base of BN-78/9180-11, it is possible to determine their granulometric group/texture class according to PTG 2008/USDA correctly and, frequently, unambiguously. For granulometric groups pglp, pgm, gs, gsp i and płg it is possible to propose with great probability more than one equivalent according to PTG 2008/USDA, and in other cases more studies are recommended.

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KARAKTERISTIK TANAH DAN PERBANDINGAN PRODUKSI KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) DENGAN METODE TANAM LUBANG BESAR DAN PARIT DRAINASE 2:1 PADA LAHAN SPODOSOL DI KABUPATEN BARITO TIMUR PROPINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH - INDONESIA

Jurnal Pertanian Tropik ◽

10.32734/jpt.v2i2.2897 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 148-158

Author(s):

Surianto

Keyword(s):

Soil Texture ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Soil Profile ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Exchangeable Cations ◽

Soil Horizon ◽

Soil Profiles ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Hole Profile ◽

And Chemical Properties

Spodosol soil of Typic Placorthod sub-group of East Barito District is one of the problem soils with the presence of hardpan layer, low fertility, low water holding capacity, acid reaction and it is not suitable for oil palm cultivation without any properly specific management of land preparation and implemented best agronomic practices. A study was carried out to evaluate the soil characteristic of a big hole (A profile) and no big hole (B profile) system and comparative oil palm productivity among two planting systems. This study was conducted in Spodosol soil at oil palm plantation (coordinate X = 0281843 and Y = 9764116), East Barito District, Central Kalimantan Province on February 2014, by surveying of placic and ortstein depth and observing soil texture and chemical properties of 2 (two) oil palm's soil profiles that have been planted in five years. Big hole system of commercial oil palm field planting on the Spodosol soil area was designed for the specific purpose of minimizing the potential of a negative effect of shallow effective planting depth for oil palms growing due to the hardpan layer (placic and ortstein) presence as deep as 0.25 - 0.50 m. The big hole system is a planting hole type which was vertical-sided with 2.00 m x 1.50 m on top and bottom side and 3.00 m depth meanwhile the 2:1 drain was vertical-sided also with 1.50 m depth and 300 m length. Oil palm production was recorded from the year 2012 up to 2014. Results indicated that the fractions both big hole profile (A profile) and no big hole profile (B profile) were dominated by sands ranged from 60% to 92% and the highest sands content of non-big hole soil profile were found in A and E horizons (92%). Better distribution of sand and clay fractions content in between layers of big hole soil profiles of A profile sample is more uniform compared to the B profile sample. The mechanical holing and material mixing of soil materials of A soil profile among the upper and lower horizons i.e. A, E, B and C horizons before planting that resulted a better distribution of both soil texture (sands and clay) and chemical properties such as acidity value (pH), C-organic, N, C/N ratio, CEC, P-available and Exchangeable Bases. Investigation showed that exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, K), were very low in soil layers (A profile) and horizons (B profile) investigated. The low exchangeable cations due to highly leached of bases to the lower layers and horizons. Besides, the palm which was planted on the big hole system showed good adaptation and response positively by growing well of tertiary and quaternary roots that the roots were penetrable into deeper rooting zone as much as >1.00 m depth. The roots can grow well and penetrate much deeper in A profile compared to the undisturbed hardpan layer (B profile). The FFB (fresh fruit bunches) production of the non-big hole block was higher than the big hole block for the first three years of production. This might be due to the high variation of monthly rainfall in-between years of observation from 2009 to 2014. Therefore, the hardness of placic and ortstein as unpenetrable agents by roots and water to prevent water loss and retain the water in the rhizosphere especially in the drier weather. In the high rainfall condition, the 2:1 drain to prevent water saturation in the oil palm rhizosphere by moving some water into the drain. Meanwhile, the disturbed soil horizon (big hole area) was drier than un disturbance immediately due to water removal to deeper layers. We concluded that both big hole and 2:1 drain are a suitable technology for Spodosol soil land especially in preparing palms planting to minimize the negative effect of the hardpan layer for oil palm growth.

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Error analysis of spatial interpolation of soil texture under different sampling schemes

CHINESE JOURNAL OF ECO-AGRICULTURE ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1011.2014.30709 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 217-224

Author(s):

Houlong JIANG ◽

Shuduan LIU ◽

Anding XU ◽

Chao YANG

Keyword(s):

Error Analysis ◽

Soil Texture ◽

Spatial Interpolation ◽

Sampling Schemes

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