Encoding Conversion Algorithm of Quaternary Triangular Mesh

In the process of global information construction, different fields have built their own discrete global grid systems (DGGS). With the development of big data technology, data exchange, integration, and update have gradually become a trend, as well as the associative integration of different DGGS. Due to the heterogeneity of DGGS and the different encoding rules, how to build the encoding conversion rules and data mapping relationship between the same object in various DGGS is an effective support and key technology to achieve the interoperability of DGGS. As a kind of multipurpose DGGS, the quaternary triangular mesh (QTM) has become an effective spatial framework for constructing the digital earth because of its simple structure. At present, there are many schemes for QTM encoding research, which plays a key role in the development of QTM, but at the same time, it also leads to difficulties in the communication and integration of QTM under different encoding. In order to solve this problem, we explore the characteristics of QTM encoding, and put forward three conversion algorithms: resampling conversion algorithm, hierarchical conversion algorithm, and row–column conversion algorithm.

Analysis and Comparison of Table-based Arithmetic to Boolean Masking

Masking is a popular technique to protect cryptographic implementations against side-channel attacks and comes in several variants including Boolean and arithmetic masking. Some masked implementations require conversion between these two variants, which is increasingly the case for masking of post-quantum encryption and signature schemes. One way to perform Arithmetic to Boolean (A2B) mask conversion is a table-based approach first introduced by Coron and Tchulkine, and later corrected and adapted by Debraize in CHES 2012. In this work, we show both analytically and experimentally that the table-based A2B conversion algorithm proposed by Debraize does not achieve the claimed resistance against differential power analysis due to a non-uniform masking of an intermediate variable. This non-uniformity is hard to find analytically but leads to clear leakage in experimental validation. To address the non-uniform masking issue, we propose two new A2B conversions: one that maintains efficiency at the cost of additional memory and one that trades efficiency for a reduced memory footprint. We give analytical and experimental evidence for their security, and will make their implementations, which are shown to be free from side-channel leakage in 100.000 power traces collected on the ARM Cortex-M4, available online. We conclude that when designing side-channel protection mechanisms, it is of paramount importance to perform both a theoretical analysis and an experimental validation of the method.

Improved Smart Pseudoscopic-to-Orthoscopic Conversion Algorithm for Integral Imaging With Pixel Information Averaging

The smart pseudoscopic-to-orthoscopic conversion (SPOC) algorithm can synthesize a new elemental image array (EIA) using the already captured EIA, but the algorithm only relies on one simulated ray to establish the mapping relationship between the display pixels and the synthetic pixels. This paper improves the SPOC algorithm and proposes the average SPOC algorithm, which fully considers the converging effect of the synthetic lens on the ray. In the average SPOC algorithm, the simulated rays start from the synthetic pixel, pass through the upper and lower edges of the corresponding synthetic lens, and intersect the display lenses, respectively. Then, the value of the synthetic pixel is equivalent to the average value of display pixels, which correspond to the display lenses covered by the rays. Theoretical analysis points out that the average SPOC algorithm can effectively alleviate the matching error between the display pixels and the synthetic pixels, thereby improving the accuracy of the synthetic elemental image array (SEIA) and the reconstruction effect. According to the experimental results we get, the superiority of the average SPOC algorithm is verified.

PP531 Quality Of Life Of Patients With Long-Chain Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders Before And During Treatment With Triheptanoin

IntroductionLong-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC-FAOD) are a group of serious diseases in which patients are at risk of metabolic decompensation, resulting in cardiomyopathy, hypoglycemia and rhabdomyolysis and premature mortality. In addition, LC-FAOD are a burdensome disease that adversely effects quality of life (QoL) via symptoms of muscle pain, fatigue, and a difficult diet. Previous studies have reported improvements in QoL during treatment with triheptanoin as measured by short form (SF) instruments. This study sought to convert the QoL measure into a utility value for a sample of patients with LC-FAOD at baseline and 78 weeks during treatment with triheptanoin.MethodsIn an open-label Phase 2 study of triheptanoin (UX007-CL201, NCT01886378), caregivers of patients (n = 9/23 enrolled) or patients aged 18+ years (n = 6/6 enrolled) completed the SF-10 or the SF-12v2, respectively. Component summary scores at baseline and 78-week during treatment period were converted to EuroQol-Five Dimension (EQ-5D) utility (with zero representing death and 1.0 perfect health) using a published conversion algorithm (Lawrence and Fleishman 2004). Generalized linear mixed-effects models with individual-level random effects were used to estimate the utility values.ResultsAt baseline, patients’ utility was estimated to be 0.365 (standard error [SE] = 0.090) compared with 0.629 (SE = 0.072) 78-weeks during treatment, a significant improvement (p = 0.0073). In a sensitivity analysis using SF-12v2 data only (that is, only adult patients), utility estimates were 0.498 (SE = 0.084) at baseline versus 0.690 (SE = 0.068) during treatment (p = 0.0499). No patients had a major clinical event during the SF instrument recall period, indicating the benefit was driven by day-to-day improvement in QoL.ConclusionsTreatment with triheptanoin resulted in a substantial improvement in daily QoL for patients with LC-FAOD. Limitations of this study include that the estimation of utilities is from a single-arm study with small sample sizes and that the assessment of utility was based on a conversion algorithm rather than direct measurement. Nevertheless, results indicate significant improvement in QoL for patients treated with triheptanoin.