Effect of immersion duration of trichoderma harzianum on local chili growth

Effect of immersion duration of trichoderma harzianum on local chili growth the aim of this researchis to see the old soaking ability of Trichoderma harzianum mushroom on the growth of local chili.The design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments and 4replications, namely local chili seeds soaked with a 5-minute T.harzianum suspension, local chiliseeds soaked with a 10-minute T.harzianum suspension, local chili seeds that were soaked marinatedwith T.harzianum suspension for 15 minutes, local chili seeds soaked with T.harzianum suspensionfor 20 minutes, local chili seeds soaked with T.harzianum suspension for 25 minutes, Control (withoutimmersion with trichoderma harzianum suspension. Observed parameters are the percentage of local chiligrowth, plant height and number of leaves The results showed that the application of trichoderma harzianumhad a good effect on the growth of chili plants, soaking for 25 minutes was the best soaking on localchili seeds.

Morphological Characteristic of Apple Velvet (Diospyros blancoi) at Germplasm Garden of LIPI Cibinong Collection

Apple velvet (Diospyros blancoi) is one of the local fruits which classified as a rare planteven it has high economic value. Apple velvet has various morphology that needsselection from any various characters to identify the most superior character and hashigh potential to be developed. The analysis of diversity from one population can beidentified to know the morphology character from the plant. The commonly usedcharacteristics include tree trunks, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. This study wasconducted using the quantitative and qualitative methods the result of the characterizedplants showed that the apple velvet plants in Germplasm Collection Garden of LipiCibinong have the average height between 3.5-15 m, stem diameter between 14.1-72.29cm has no shapes of leaves such as oval and wide oval. White flower crown, 2 shapes offruits such as round and oval pattern, 2 shapes of seeds such as elliptic and biconvex.Keywords: apple velvet plants, characterization, rare plant

Capability of Cellulolytic Degradation (BSD) Bacteria (CDB) to Remodel Organic Waste into Compost

Capability of Cellulolytic Degradation (BSD) Bacteria (CDB) to Remodel Organic Waste intoCompost The purpose of this study was to obtain superior cellulolytic bacteria from acid soils as astarter for the degradation of organic waste in the city of Padang by testing the activity of cellulaseenzymes. The method used in the factorial method is the Cellulolytic Degradation Bacteria factorwith the Organic Waste of Padang City. This research was conducted at the Plant PhysiologyLaboratory and the Soil Science Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture. The research activity was begunby isolating the bacteria from acid soil, followed by testing the enzyme activity of the specific mediumof carboxyl methylcellulose (CMC) medium. Factorial Complete Random Design Method. The firstfactor was selected 3 isolates of cellulolytic bacteria, the second-factor main market organic wasteat of Padang and was two treatments namely unstable sterile (A) and nonsterile (B). The researchresults obtained 6 isolates of cellulolytic bacteria with a clear zone index ≥ 2, namely Km25,Sr. 75, Jm, U-6, G-8, and Km 13, respectively 3.12; 3.04; 3.0; 2.04; 2.00, and 2.04, and used forcomposting organic waste 3 isolates of clear zone bacteria ≥ 3.0 isolates of KM25, Sr75, and JMrespectively 3.12; 3.04; 3.01. Non-sterile organic waste is better than sterile due to the non-sterile,there is the help of battery change from the trash. Conclusion The best composting material is notsterilized, and better bacteria decompose the waste combined with the three isolates KM25, SR75,and JM.

Perbandingan Chitosan buatan dari hasil samping industri pembekuan udang dengan Chitosan komersil terhadap pengawetan mutu kesegaran ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus)

Bahan pengawet yang sering digunakan adalah bahan kimia, namun bila digunakan denganberlebihan dapat membahayakan kesehatan, sehingga bahan pengawet yang kami gunakan yaituchitosan sebagai bahan pengawet makanan yang alami dan aman digunakan. Boraks sebagaipengenyal dan formalin sebagai pengawet bakso masih ditemukan di masyarakat, sehingga perludicarikan alternatif penggantinya yang lebih aman dan sehat. Chitosan sebagai pengawet alamimerupakan salah satu alternatifnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui manfaat chitosanbuatan dan membandingkannya dengan chitosan komersil sebagai pengawetan dalammempertahankan mutu kesegaran pada ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Metode dalam penelitianadalah metode eksperimen dengan melakukan pengawetan ikan nila. Berdasarkan karakteristikchitosan yang dibuat sudah mendekati dengan chitosan komersil karena perbedaan nilai pengujianyang dilakukan tidak jauh beda antara chitosan buatan dengan chitosan komersil.

Seed viability and growth of Salak seedling (Salacca edulis Reinw) due to the different concentration and soaking time of gibberellin (GA3)

Hard bark seeds are one of the causes of long seed dormancy. The solution of salacca seed dormancy is done by soaking the seeds using gibberellin. The aim of this research to examine the effect of different concentration and soaking time of gibberellin on seed viability and growth of salak seedling. The research was conducted on May – July 2019 in Green House of Food Plant and Horticultural Protection Center, Central Java. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) 4 x 4 with 3 replications, each replications using 5 seeds. The first factor was concentration of gibberellin (G0: 0 ppm, G1: 20 ppm, G2: 40 ppm, G3: 60 ppm). The second factor was soaking time of gibberellin (S0: 10 minutes, S1: 25 minutes, S2: 40 minutes, S3: 55 minutes). Data were analyzed by variance and proceeded with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at level 5% and orthogonal polynomial test. The observed variables were percentage of germination, maximum growth potential, seedling height, number of leaves, and root length. The results showed that the highest of percentage germination, maximum growth potential, and seedling height were observed in the 60 ppm of gibberellin concentration. The highest of percentage germination, maximum growth potential, and seedling height were researched in the soaking time 55 minutes. The highest root length was observed in the treatment of 60 ppm of GA3 and soaking time 55 minutes.

Performance of Quails Given Ration Containing Dragon Fruit Skin Fermented Neurospora crassa

Quail is one type of poultry that must be developed because it has the potential to produce animalprotein needs for humans, namely meat and eggs. Because the meat and quail eggs are in greatdemand by the community, their maintenance is almost evenly distributed throughout Indonesia.Privileges of quails include fast production, do not require large capital, easy maintenance, and donot require large tracts of land. The aimed of this experiment was to determine the effect of providingdragon fruit skin-fermented (DFSF) with fungi Neurospora crassa as an alternative feed material tothe performance of quails. The research method are experiments using completely randomized design(CRD), with 5 treatments and 4 replications. if there is a real or very real difference that will be followedby Duncan's distance test. The treatments given are: A = without giving DFSF, B = giving 4% DFSF,C = giving 8% DFSF, D = giving 12% DFSF and E = giving 16% DFSF. The results showed thatdifferences in the level of DFSF in quail ration gave no significant effect on feed intake, body weightgain and feed conversion of quail ration. It can be concluded that the administration of DFSF up tothe level of 16% in the ration can be used as alternative feed ingredients without affecting feed intake,body weight gain and quail feed conversion.

Growth and production of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) that cultivaed using various types of mulch and different doses of goat manure

Improvement of cultivation techniques and increasing soil fertility through the use of fertilizersneed to be considered to produce maximum cucumber plant growth and production. Theresearch was aimed to examine the response of the growth and production of cucumber plantsthat cultivated using various types of mulch and different doses of goat manure. The researchwas conducted on March - June 2019 at the Merbuh Village, Singorojo sub-district, Kendaldistrict of Central Java Province. A block randomized design factorial pattern 3 x 4 with threereplications was used throughout the experiment. The first factor consisted of treatment withoutmulch (M0), rice straw mulch (M1) and black silver plastic mulch (M2). The second factorconsisted of 4 levels of Nitrogen doses including P0 = Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium(NPK) recommendation for cucumber plant 160 kg N/ha; P1 = 177 kg N/ha; P2 = 354 kg N/ha;P3 = 531 kg N/ha respectively equal to 0, 10, 20, and 30 tons of manure/ha. The data obtainedwere analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and a further test was carried out on theparameters that showed a significant difference in the mean values of the treatment using theDuncan test. The results showed that the treatment of silver black plastic mulch increased thegrowth and production of cucumber plants. The treatment of goat manure at a dose of 10tons/ha had been able to increase all parameters and goat manure with a dose of 30 tons/hagave high results on all parameters of cucumber plants compared to that of the control. Thetreatment of black silver plastic mulch with a goat manure dose of 30 tons/ha gave high resultsin the number of fruit parameters.

Pengaruh Kombinasi Berbagai Jenis Pupuk Organik yang Didekomposisi dengan Trichoderma Viride Terhadap Intensitas Kerusakan Bonggol Tanaman Pisang

Pengaruh kombinasi berbagai pupuk organic yang didekomposisi dengan Trichoderma viride terhadap intensitas kerusakan bonggol tanaman pisang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kombinasi jenis bahan organik dalam menekan intensitas kerusakan bonggol tanaman pisang terhadap Fusarium oxysporum Schl. f. sp. cubense (Foc). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lahan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Graha Nusantara Padangsidimpuan, mulai Februari sampai bulan Agustus 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan adalah kombinasi berbagai bahan organik sebagai berikut : (a) Kotoran ayam dan jerami didekomposisi oleh T. viride, (b) Kotoran sapi dan jerami didekomposisi oleh T. viride, (c) Kotoran ayam dan kotoran sapi didekomposisi oleh T. viride, (d) Kotoran sapi, kotoran ayam dan jerami didekomposisi oleh T. viride, (e) Kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan intensitas kerusakan bonggol terendah yaitu pada perlakuan SAJ (menggunakan bahan organic kotoran sapi, kotoran ayam dan jerami) sebesar 0,42 %.

Application of phosphate solvent microbes and coffee skin compost to increase nutrient uptake of Robusta coffee plants in Andisols

Coffee plants need phosphorus nutrients for growth and fertilization in high quantities. Andisol has a verylow availability of P. Efforts that can be made to increase the availability of P are by utilizing phosphatesolvent microbes and coffee skin compost. The purpose of this study was to obtain the right type of microbialphosphate solvent and organic coffee skin ingredients in increasing the availability and growth of coffeeplants in Andisol affected by the eruption of Mt. Sinabung. This study used a factorial randomized blockdesign (RBD) consisting of 3 replications. Factor I: (Microbial Phosphate Solvents) M0 = Withoutapplication, M1 = Burkholderia cepacia, M2 = Talaromyces pinophilus, M3 = Burkholderia cepacia +Talaromyces pinophilus. Factor II Organic ingredients of coffee skin compost are K0 = without organicmatter, K1 = 75 g, K2 = 150 g, K3 = 225 g. The results of the study showed that B.cepacia + T.Pinophilus+ Mycorrhiza (M4) treatment can increase nutrient uptake of N, P and K of plants up to 12.3%, can increaseplant uptake of P up to 18.84%, increase uptake of plant K up to 19.53%. The treatment of 225g of coffeehusk compost (K3) can increase plant N nutrient uptake by 7.65%, plant P uptake to 26.11% and plant Kuptake up to 14.12%. M4K3 application can increase N uptake up to 53.28%, P uptake up to 98.56% andincrease K uptake of plants up to 56.45%. in general, the best treatment is M4K3.

Pertumbuhan dan hasil Kailan (Brassica oleracea var. Alboglabra) pada berbagai dosis pupuk kambing dan frekuensi pemupukan Nitrogen

Pupuk kandang kambing merupakan pupuk organik yang befrungsi sebagai penyedia hara dan memperbaiki sifat fisik tanah, namun pupuk organik mengandung hara nitrogen yang sedikit sehingga perlu pemupukan nitrogen lanjutan. Pupuk urea dapat mencukupi kebutuhan unsur nitrogen kailan. Kekurangan pupuk urea yaitu bersifat mobil sehingga diperlukan frekuensi yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh berbagai dosis pupuk kandang kambing dan frekuensi pemupukan nitrogen terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kaillan (Brassica oleracea var. Alboglabra). Penelitian ini menggunakan percobaan faktorial 4 x 3 dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) terdiri dari 3 kelompok ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu dosis pupuk kandang kambing (K) yaitu: K0: 0 ton/ha, K1: 10 ton/ha, K2: 20 ton/ha, K3: 30 ton/ha. Faktor kedua yaitu frekuensi pemupukan nitrogen (N) yaitu: N1: satu kali (2 MST), N2: dua kali (2, 3 MST), N3: tiga kali (2, 3, 4 MST). Hasil penelitian menunujkkan perlakuan dosis pupuk kandang kambing 30 ton/ha memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap produksi tanaman kailan. Frekuensi pemupukan nitrogen tiga dan dua kali memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan bobot basah tajuk. Tidak ada pengaruh baik dosis pupuk kandang kambing dan frekuensi pemupukan nitrogen terhadap kadar ANR. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa dosis pupuk kandang kambing 30 ton/ha dan frekuensi pemupukan nitrogen sebanyak dua kali, menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kailan yang paling efektif.