scholarly journals Ecosystems Services of the Tropical Rain Forest Environment: Lessons from the Cross River National Park, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 07 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Benjamin A. Ambe ◽  
Usang N. Onnoghen
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
National Park ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Cross River ◽  
The Cross

Integrating Arochukwu into the Regional Chronological Structure

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 297-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Nwauwa
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Far North ◽  
Atlantic Trade ◽  
Power Centers ◽  
Trade Route ◽  
City States

The Niger-Benue Valley regional chronology is expanding. This is satisfying. Dates from the early city states and chiefdoms in the lower Cross river valley have been suggested and integrated into the larger regional chronological structure. Arochukwu was one such chiefdom. Utilizing the available genealogies from within Arochukwu and its satellite settlements, and guided by the existing methodology of chronology, I have calculated what I believe to be fairly reliable dates which locate the foundation of the chiefdom, ca. 1690/1720. These dates have been interrelated with the importation of the first guns into Calabar, since firearms were said to have been used in the war which ultimately resulted in the foundation of the Aro chiefdom (Arochukwu). They appear firm. Aro influence was evident in the whole of the Niger Benue-Cross river area, especially during the period when the Atlantic slave trade climaxed. Hence it seems appropriate to situate the foundation generation in the wider framework.Arochukwu was not merely the product of the Atlantic trade, but also a response to events in the interior of the Bight of Biafra as far north as the Benue valley. The chiefdom was an offshoot of the Igbo movement into the tropical rain forest, accelerated by the southward expansion of ironsmelting and smithing, and correlated with the foundation of the Efik towns of Calabar. It was founded as a response to the shift in power centers from the upper Benue valley, which had been linked to the Rio del Rey trade route, down the river to concentrate on the Niger. It was significant that the Kwararafan takeover in Idah occurred in exactly the same generation when Arochukwu was founded.

scholarly journals Keanekaragaman JenisTumbuhan Paku (Pteridophyta) di Jalur Pendakian Selo Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu, Jawa Tengah

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Fitri Kusuma Astuti ◽  
M Murningsih ◽  
J Jumari
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
National Park ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
High Mountains ◽  
Key Word ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
The Many ◽  
Very High

Indonesia has a very high biodiversity, as well as ferns (Pteridophyta).Selo climbing lane at Merbabu Montain Nasional Park selected as the study site because of the many ferns that were founded in this area.The purpose of this study was to analyze the diversity of ferns species.in tropical rain forest ecosystem of high mountains and sub-alpine forests ecosystem on Selo climbing lane at Merbabu Mount National Park. There are many human activity in Selo climbing lanesupposed to influence the existing plants. This research was held on August-December 2016. The method usedinventory inSelo climbing lane and Plot, then analyzed using diversity index. The results found 33 species of ferns from 15 families. The diversity of ferns in the tropical rain forest ecosystem of high mountains fall into the medium category except at post II (2412 masl) has low diversity. Diversity in the sub-alpine forest ecosystem can not be calculated. Key word: diversity, fern, Selo climbing lane

scholarly journals CÁTALOGO DE EPÍFITAS VASCULARES DEL SECTOR EL SILENCIO (PARQUE NACIONAL NATURAL PARAMILLO) Y ZONA AMORTIGUADORA, CÓRDOBA, COLOMBIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-179
Author(s):  
Rosalba RUIZ VEGA ◽  
Cesar ESQUIVEL BERRIO ◽  
Adolfo SALGADO CRUZ ◽  
Heidy SAAB RAMOS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
National Park ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Vascular Epiphytes ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Vascular Epiphyte

<p>Se presenta el catálogo de la vegetación epifita vascular de un sector del Parque Nacional Natural Paramillo (PNNP) y zona amortiguadora (Córdoba, Colombia). Se realizaron muestreos en un área de 0,1 hectárea, donde se colectaron todas las epífitas vasculares distribuidas en los forófitos que presentaron un DAP ≥2,5 cm en cuatro sectores, El Silencio (interior del PNNP), Tuis Tuis, Tuis Tuis Arriba y Alto de Chibogadó (zona amortiguadora), correspondientes al bosque húmedo tropical (Bh-T) en el municipio de Tierralta. Se encontraron 2504 individuos de epífitas vasculares. El catálogo contiene 73 especies distribuidas en 41 géneros y 18 familias. El sector Tuis Tuis presentó el mayor número de especies (33). Las familias mejor representadas corresponden a las Araceae, Bromeliaceae y Orchidaceae, destacándose por mayor número de especies y géneros la familia Orchidaceae (20/15). Los géneros más diversos fueron <em>Anthurium</em> con ocho especies, <em>Guzmania</em> seis, <em>Tillandsia</em> y <em>Aechmea</em> con cinco cada uno. Los helechos reúnen solo el 6 % de la flora epifita. Se reportan  nuevos registros de especies para el departamento de Córdoba (39), ampliando el rango de distribución de este grupo de plantas en el país.   </p><p><strong>Catalogue of Vascular Epiphytic Sector Silencio (Natural National Park Paramillo) and Buffer Zone, Cordoba, Colombia</strong></p><p>The catalogue of the vascular epiphyte vegetation of Silencio sector (Paramillo National Natural Park) and buffer zone (Córdoba) is showed. Sampling was conducted in an area of 0,1 ha, collecting all vascular epiphytes distributed in phorophytes with a DAP≥2,5 cm, in four sectors. Collections were performed in the Silencio sectors (PNNP), Tuis Tuis, Tuis Tuis Arriba and Alto Chibogadó (buffer zone) of the tropical rain forest (Bh -T) in Tierralta town. 2504 individuals were recorded as vascular epiphytes. The catalog includes 73 species in 41 genera and 18 families. The sector Tuis Tuis showed the greatest representation of species (33). The families with the highest representation corresponds to Araceae, Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae families. The Orchidaceae family had the highest diversity with 20 species and 15 genera. The most diverse genera were <em>Anthurium</em> with eight species, <em>Guzmania </em>with six species and <em>Aechmea</em> and <em>Tillandsia</em> with five species each one. Ferns are presented only in 6 % of the epiphytic plants. 39 new species records for the department of Córdoba - Colombia are reported, extending the range of distribution of this group of plants in the country.</p>

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