A New Approach for the Reduction of Aerodynamic Drag of Long-Distance Transportation Vehicles

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Hirz ◽  
Severin Stadler
Keyword(s):  
Aerodynamic Drag ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
New Approach

De se marking, logophoricity, and ziji

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiang-Yun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Blocking Effect ◽  
The Self ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Attitude Ascription ◽  
New Approach ◽  
De Se

This chapter addresses the assumed connection between de se attitude ascription and logophoricity in the case of Chinese ziji. It is widely believed that logophors are among the paradigm cases of de se marking, and that long-distance ziji is logophoric. Drawing on a critical examination of a variety of analyses, this chapter argues that long-distance anaphora, de se interpretation, and logophoric marking are overlapping but distinct phenomena. Even if ziji is logophoric, it does not automatically trigger de se requirement. A de se-neutral analysis of ziji is consistent with pragmatic derivations of interpretations that emphasize the self. The findings point to a new approach to long-distance binding, and identify the blocking effect as the key issue for further research.

Roman Seas

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Leidwanger
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Landscape Studies ◽  
Single Well ◽  
Multiple Structures ◽  
Archaeological Analysis

This book offers an archaeological analysis of maritime economy and connectivity in the Roman east. That seafaring was fundamental to prosperity under Rome is beyond doubt, but a tendency to view the grandest long-distance movements among major cities against a background noise of small-scale, short-haul activity has tended to flatten the finer and varied contours of maritime interaction and coastal life into a featureless blue Mediterranean. Drawing together maritime landscape studies and network analysis, this work takes a bottom-up view of the diverse socioeconomic conditions and seafaring logistics that generated multiple structures and scales of interaction. The material record of shipwrecks and ports along a vital corridor from the southeast Aegean across the northeast Mediterranean provides a case study of regional exchange and communication based on routine sails between simple coastal facilities. Rather than a single well-integrated and persistent Mediterranean network, multiple discrete and evolving regional and interregional systems emerge. This analysis sheds light on the cadence of economic life along the coast, the development of market institutions, and the regional continuities that underpinned integration—despite certain interregional disintegration—into Late Antiquity. Through this model of seaborne interaction, the study advances a new approach to the synthesis of shipwreck and other maritime archaeological and historical economic data, as well as a path through the stark dichotomies that inform most paradigms of Roman connectivity and trade.

Long-Distance Commuting: A New Approach to Mining in Australia

1993 ◽  
Vol 159 (3) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Houghton
Keyword(s):  
Long Distance ◽  
New Approach

Quantifying conspicuousness and sexual dimorphism of the plumage in birds: a new approach

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 1972-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves de Repentigny ◽  
Henri Ouellet ◽  
Raymond McNeil
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Field Guides ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Colour System ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Munsell System

In studies of sexual selection in birds, it is necessary to quantify the conspicuousness and sexual dimorphism of the plumage. We present a method, based on the Munsell colour system, that is easier to use than spectroradiometric techniques. It is based on measurable and repeatable data, although it is dependent on human vision. It provides indices of sexual dimorphism and incorporates aspects of close-range and long-distance conspicuousness. Ten species of Emberezidae were chosen to illustrate the procedure, and it was tested using naive observers. It consists of dividing the body of a bird into regions and matching the colour of each region to chips in a colour guide. The following indices based on the parameters of the Munsell system were selected: value (V), chroma (C), and Munsell power (V∙C), which measure conspicuousness independently of the background; Wv, Wc, and Wv∙c, which measure the contrast between the colours in the plumage; Bv, Bc, and Bv∙c, which measure the contrast between the bird and its background; and Dv, Dc, and Dv∙c, which are the indices of sexual dimorphism of the plumage. There was a high degree of agreement among the naive observers, and the scores obtained using field guides did not differ significantly from those recorded on museum specimens. One of the dimorphism indices (Dv∙c) was found to give more information than the others. However, our results indicate that conspicuousness and dimorphism indices should not be used individually because they are interdependent, and that they should be used in conjunction with multivariate analyses. Also, the proposed method incorporates long-distance conspicuousness into the results.

Measurement of push-rim forces during racing wheelchair propulsion using a novel attachable force sensor system

2020 ◽  
pp. 175433712090426
Author(s):  
Yusuke Miyazaki ◽  
Kazuki Iida ◽  
Motomu Nakashima ◽  
Takeo Maruyama ◽  
Kaohru Yamanobe
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Aerodynamic Drag ◽  
Tangential Force ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Propulsive Force ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Radio Transmitters ◽  
Roller System

To improve competitive skills, it is important to clarify the relationship between the propulsion motion (the propulsive force in the use of racing wheelchairs optimized for athletes) and aerodynamic drag, which can change during propulsive motion. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to construct a novel force sensor system that is attachable to racing wheelchairs for individual athletes and usable in a wind tunnel facility to examine differences in the push-rim force characteristics of athletes based on the measured results. The system was composed of four two-dimensional component force sensors, batteries, and radio transmitters. From the output of the four two-dimensional component sensors, tangential and radial components of the push-rim force were measured. Three top-class long-distance wheelchair athletes participated in this study, which required each athlete to push a racing wheelchair at 5.56 m/s on a wheelchair roller system in a wind tunnel facility. The force sensor system was mounted on the participants’ individual racing wheelchairs. The measured tangential force waveforms were classified as either bimodal or unimodal depending on the athletes’ propulsion styles. Although two athletes showed similar propulsion style characteristics, the athlete with more years of experience showed better propulsive work efficiency and repeatability. Therefore, a difference in skill for applying propulsive force during the push phase, which is difficult to estimate by kinematic analysis, could be estimated by using the force sensor system.

scholarly journals Against some approaches to long-distance agreement without AGREE

2020 ◽  
pp. 215-246
Author(s):  
Carson T. Schütze
Keyword(s):  
Phase Boundary ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Strong Phase ◽  
Covert Movement ◽  
Long Distance Agreement ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Satisfactory Theory

With the introduction of AGREE into Minimalism by Chomsky (2000), the relationship between the two elements in an agreement relationship went from being strictly local (Specifier-Head) to being unbounded (c-command with no intervening strong phase boundary) in order to accommodate long-distance agreement phenomena. Concern over the less restricted nature of the new approach led researchers to propose alternatives that eschewed the unbounded reach of AGREE , in the hope that a more restrictive theory might yet be salvaged. This paper scrutinizes some of the most widely cited and fully developed of these alternative proposals (employing predicate inversion of expletives, restructuring, covert movement), applied to extensively studied spheres of data (English existentials, Icelandic agreement), and concludes that they are deeply, perhaps fatally, flawed. While Chomsky’s version of AGREE is far from providing a complete and satisfactory theory of agreement, it has yet to be shown that it can be eliminated.

scholarly journals Haplotype analyses reveal novel insights into tomato history and domestication to show long-distance migrations and latitudinal adaptations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Miguel Blanca ◽  
David Sanchez-Matarredona ◽  
Peio Ziarsolo ◽  
Javier Montero-Pau ◽  
Esther van der Knaap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Procrustes Analysis ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Collection Site ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Independent Evidence ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Genetic Modifications ◽  
Botanical Varieties

A novel haplotype-based approach that uses Procrustes analysis and automatic classification was used to provide further insights into tomato history and domestication. Agrarian cultures domesticated species of interest by introducing complex genetic modifications. For tomato, two species, and for one of them two botanical varieties: are thought to be involved in its domestication: the fully wild Solanum pimpinellifolium (SP), the wild and semidomesticated S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (SLC) and the cultivated S. l. var. lycopersicum (SLC). The new approach showed that SP evolved into SLC during a gradual migration from the Peruvian deserts to the Mexican rainforests and that Peruvian and Ecuadorian SLCs were the result of more recent hybridizations. This model was supported by independent evidence that included accession collection site ecological data and morphological data. In further support of this model, we show that photosynthesis-, flowering time- and circadian rhythm-related genes were selected during the latitudinal migrations.

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