The increase in demand and depletion of fossil-fuels, due to the population growth, which led the rise in use of vehicles and transportation sector. The ever increasing environmental issues and the rising cost of fossil fuels in the world market have also contributed an opportunity for the researchers to develop a potential alternative fuel. Among of this concept, the alternative fuel must be attractive such as diesel in efficiency and eco-friendly. Thus the characteristics of biodiesel have made the historical background of attractive qualities in efficiency. The bio-diesel production has turn out to be more attractive at the present time period, because of its benefits over environmental issues and the truth that, it is made from renewable and environmentally available resources. Although in most of the countries orange-peels are considered as waste. The utilization of peels instead of edible parts of the resources in reducing the cost of biodiesel production to a great extent. The research study is intended to transform the waste resources into wealthy product, and essential product is obtained by establishing the production of bio-diesel with oil extracted from orange-peels; using the transesterification process. The fatty acid composition of the feedstock is studied by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy method and FT-IR test. This experimental work is carried out to study the physio-chemic properties, and to study the four stroke diesel engine performance and emissions characteristics, fueled with orange-peel oil methyl ester biodiesel blends at different concentrations (10, 20, and 30) percentages with diesel fuel. The results obtained are in close agreement with the requirement of ASTM biodiesel standards. It has been establish that at peak load conditions, the higher blend percentage of biodiesel shows better and higher output performance than that of conventional diesel fuel. Emissions characteristics were also found to be reduced to great extent. From the available resources it is confirm that the better combustion characteristics is due to the oxygenated fuel content called limonene compound in the biodiesel feedstock. Another end product of transesterfication process called glycerol, was recycled twice before it finally lost potential and further it can be used as constituents for the soap manufacturing process.
Synthesis and Testing on Engine Characteristics of Bio-diesel Obtained by Orange-Peel Oil Methyl Ester Blended with Conventional Diesel Fuel.
