scholarly journals Executive Dysfunction in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Anterior Cingulate-Based Resting State Functional Connectivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Je-Yeon Yun ◽  
Joon Hwan Jang ◽  
Wi Hoon Jung ◽  
Na Young Shin ◽  
Sung Nyun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Sertraline Effects on Striatal Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Youth With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 486-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail A. Bernstein ◽  
Kathryn R. Cullen ◽  
Elizabeth C. Harris ◽  
Christine A. Conelea ◽  
Alexandra D. Zagoloff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Defining data-driven subgroups of obsessive–compulsive disorder with different treatment responses based on resting-state functional connectivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seoyeon Kwak ◽  
Minah Kim ◽  
Taekwan Kim ◽  
Yoobin Kwak ◽  
Sanghoon Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Treatment Responses

Abstract Characterization of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), like other psychiatric disorders, suffers from heterogeneities in its symptoms and therapeutic responses, and identification of more homogeneous subgroups may help to resolve the heterogeneity. We aimed to identify the OCD subgroups based on resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and to explore their differences in treatment responses via a multivariate approach. From the resting-state functional MRI data of 107 medication-free OCD patients and 110 healthy controls (HCs), we selected rsFC features, which discriminated OCD patients from HCs via support vector machine (SVM) analyses. With the selected brain features, we subdivided OCD patients into subgroups using hierarchical clustering analyses. We identified 35 rsFC features that achieved a high sensitivity (82.74%) and specificity (76.29%) in SVM analyses. The OCD patients were subdivided into two subgroups, which did not show significant differences in their demographic and clinical backgrounds. However, one of the OCD subgroups demonstrated more impaired rsFC that was involved either within the default mode network (DMN) or between DMN brain regions and other network regions. This subgroup also showed both lower improvements in symptom severity in the 16-week follow-up visit and lower responder percentage than the other subgroup. Our results highlight that not only abnormalities within the DMN but also aberrant rsFC between the DMN and other networks may contribute to the treatment response and support the importance of these neurobiological alterations in OCD patients. We suggest that abnormalities in these connectivity may play predictive biomarkers of treatment response, and aid to build more optimal treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Multivariate resting-state functional connectivity predicts response to cognitive behavioral therapy in obsessive–compulsive disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. 2222-2227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicco Reggente ◽  
Teena D. Moody ◽  
Francesca Morfini ◽  
Courtney Sheen ◽  
Jesse Rissman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Before And After

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for many with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). However, response varies considerably among individuals. Attaining a means to predict an individual’s potential response would permit clinicians to more prudently allocate resources for this often stressful and time-consuming treatment. We collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging from adults with OCD before and after 4 weeks of intensive daily CBT. We leveraged machine learning with cross-validation to assess the power of functional connectivity (FC) patterns to predict individual posttreatment OCD symptom severity. Pretreatment FC patterns within the default mode network and visual network significantly predicted posttreatment OCD severity, explaining up to 67% of the variance. These networks were stronger predictors than pretreatment clinical scores. Results have clinical implications for developing personalized medicine approaches to identifying individual OCD patients who will maximally benefit from intensive CBT.

The impact of childhood trauma on thalamic functional connectivity in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Minyi Chu ◽  
Tingting Xu ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Pei Wang ◽  
Qiumeng Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Childhood trauma is a vulnerability factor for the development of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Empirical findings suggest that trauma-related alterations in brain networks, especially in thalamus-related regions, have been observed in OCD patients. However, the relationship between childhood trauma and thalamic connectivity in patients with OCD remains unclear. The present study aimed to examine the impact of childhood trauma on thalamic functional connectivity in OCD patients. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging resting-state scans were acquired in 79 patients with OCD, including 22 patients with a high level of childhood trauma (OCD_HCT), 57 patients with a low level of childhood trauma (OCD_LCT) and 47 healthy controls. Seven thalamic subdivisions were chosen as regions of interest (ROIs) to examine the group difference in thalamic ROIs and whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC). Results We found significantly decreased caudate-thalamic rsFC in OCD patients as a whole group and also in OCD_LCT patients, compared with healthy controls. However, OCD_HCT patients exhibited increased thalamic rsFC with the prefrontal cortex when compared with both OCD_LCT patients and healthy controls. Conclusions Taken together, OCD patients with high and low levels of childhood trauma exhibit different pathological alterations in thalamic rsFC, suggesting that childhood trauma may be a predisposing factor for some OCD patients.

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