Gastrointestinal helminths of local chickens slaughtered in live bird markets in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria

Toxoplasmosis occurs in most species of warm -blooded animals. This study aimed to determine the sero-prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in local chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Katsina metropolis. A total of 460 sera were collected from two live bird markets (LBMs) at slaughter points and samples were analyzed by Indirect Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) test kits specific for avian toxoplasmosis. Structured questionnaires were administered to the workers at LBMs to evaluate their attitudes and practices toward Toxoplasma infection. The overall prevalence for T. gondii antibodies was 7.83% (36/460). Gobarau yan kaji had a higher prevalence 9.06% (25) than Central market 5.98% (11). Mean score was 26.42±15.9 and 21.74±9.21 for attitude and practice respectively. There was a significant correlation r=0.717 (p <0.05) between attitude and practice score of the respondents. The level of education and specific duty at the slaughter houses correlated significantly (p <0.05) with attitude and practice mean ranks. There was no association (0.137) between experience on the job and practice score. Attitude and practice ranked as poor, fair and good in this study were 60% (30), 12% (6), 28% (14) and 80% (40), 6% (3), 14% (7) respectively. This result has shown the presence of T. gondii antibodies in local chickens slaughtered for human consumption in Katsina metropolis and this warns on the public health safety problems. There is urgent need for the implementation of public awareness campaign on toxoplasmosis for workers at LBMs in Katsina metropolis. Keywords: Attitude, ELISA, Live Bird Market, Practice, Seroprevalence, Toxoplasmosis

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Biological and Molecular Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus Isolates from Surveillance of Live Bird Markets in the Northeastern United States

Avian Diseases ◽

10.2307/1592161 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 683 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

D. J. King ◽

B. S. Seal

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Newcastle Disease Virus ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Disease Virus ◽

Newcastle Disease ◽

Northeastern United States ◽

Live Bird Markets ◽

Virus Isolates ◽

Live Bird

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Surveillance of avirulent Newcastle disease viruses at live bird markets in Eastern China during 2008–2012 reveals a new sub-genotype of class I virus

Virology Journal ◽

10.1186/s12985-014-0211-2 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Jie Zhu ◽

Haixu Xu ◽

Jingjing Liu ◽

Zhenzhen Zhao ◽

Shunlin Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Newcastle Disease ◽

Eastern China ◽

Class I ◽

Live Bird Markets ◽

Live Bird

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Molecular Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus from Backyard Poultry Farms and Live Bird Markets in Kenya

International Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2018/2368597 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Irene N. Ogali ◽

Lucy W. Wamuyu ◽

Jacqueline K. Lichoti ◽

Erick O. Mungube ◽

Bernard Agwanda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Newcastle Disease ◽

Cleavage Site ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Protein Cleavage ◽

Genetic Characteristics ◽

Backyard Poultry ◽

Live Bird Markets ◽

Cross Border ◽

Poultry Farms ◽

Live Bird

Newcastle disease (ND) is a serious disease of poultry that causes significant economic losses. Despite rampant ND outbreaks that occur annually in Kenya, the information about the NDV circulating in Kenya is still scarce. We report the first countrywide study of NDV in Kenya. Our study is aimed at evaluating the genetic characteristics of Newcastle disease viruses obtained from backyard poultry in farms and live bird markets in different regions of Kenya. We sequenced and analyzed fusion (F) protein gene, including the cleavage site, of the obtained viruses. We aligned and compared study sequences with representative NDV of different genotypes from GenBank. The fusion protein cleavage site of all the study sequences had the motif 112RRQKRFV118 indicating their velogenic nature. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the NDV from various sites in Kenya was highly similar genetically and that it clustered together with NDV of genotype V. The study samples were 96% similar to previous Ugandan and Kenyan viruses grouped in subgenotype Vd This study points to possible circulation of NDV of similar genetic characteristics between backyard poultry farms and live bird markets in Kenya. The study also suggests the possible spread of velogenic NDV between Kenya and Uganda possibly through cross-border live bird trade. Our study provides baseline information on the genetic characteristics of NDV circulating in the Kenyan poultry population. This highlights the need for the ND control programmes to place more stringent measures on cross-border trade of live bird markets and poultry products to prevent the introduction of new strains of NDV that would otherwise be more difficult to control.

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Sero-Detection of Avian Influenza A/H7 in Nigerian Live-Bird Markets in Plateau State

Nigerian Veterinary Journal ◽

10.4314/nvj.v41i2.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 161-174

Author(s):

C.N. Chinyere ◽

E.C. Okwor ◽

C.A. Meseko ◽

W.S. Ezema ◽

N.D. Choji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Virus ◽

Avian Influenza ◽

Influenza A ◽

Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Live Bird Market ◽

Live Bird Markets ◽

Plateau State ◽

Keywords Influenza ◽

Live Bird

Avian influenza has been reported in domestic birds in Nigeria since 2006 and subtype H5 of the Gs/Gg lineage has continued to be detected up till date. It has been suggested that waterfowls and local birds sold in live-bird markets may be natural reservoir and source of reinfection of different subtype of avian influenza in poultry farms. This study aims at serodetection of avian influenza virus in waterfowls and local birds at live-bird markets in Plateau State, Nigeria. A total of three hundred and nine (309) blood samples were collected over a period of three months and two hundred and ninety-two (292) sera were analysed by c-ELISA for influenza A nucleoprotein using standard protocols. Haemagglutination Inhibition (HI) specific for subtypes H5, H9, and H7 was also carried out using standard protocols on ELISA positive samples. The results showed seroprevalence of 5.14% (n=15) for influenza A. Serotype H7 was thereafter detected by HI in 5 of the 15 influenza A positive samples. The H7 positive sera also reacted with H7N3, H7N4, H7N1 and H7N7 virus strains with HI titre ranging between 1:32 to 1:512. This investigation for the first time showed serological evidence of influenza A subtype H7 in local birds and waterfowls sold at the live bird market in Nigeria. Further virological surveillance to isolate the virus is important in order to better understand influenza virus epidemiology in Nigeria and the potential risk that other subtypesof influenza poses to poultry production and public health. Keywords: Influenza A, subtype H7, serological detection, live bird market, Nigeria.

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