scholarly journals Genetic parameters for test-day milk yield in tropical Holstein Friesian cattle fitting a multiple-lactation random regression animal model

1970 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-361
Author(s):  
S. Meseret ◽  
E. Negussie
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Random Regression ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Friesian Cattle

Accurate estimates of genetic parameters are essential for genetic improvement of milk yield in dairy cattle and for setting up breeding programmes. Estimates of genetic parameters from test-day models, particularly for Holstein Friesian cattle maintained in tropical environments, are scant in the literature. The objective of this study was therefore to estimate genetic parameters for milk yield by fitting a multiple-lactation random regression animal model (RRM) based on data from Ethiopian Holstein Friesian herds. Data were used from the first three lactations of cows that calved between 1997 and 2013. The data comprised 13 421 test-day milk yield records from 800 cows from two large dairy herds. Variance components were estimated using the average information restricted maximum likelihood method fitting an RRM. Heritability estimates for first, second, and third lactations ranged from 0.20 to 0.26, 0.15 to 0.27, and 0.17 to 0.28, respectively. Heritability estimates ranging from 0.15 to 0.28 indicate that effective genetic improvement should be accompanied by a corresponding improvement of the production environment. Across-lactation genetic correlations between first and second, second and third, and first and third lactations, expressed on a 305-day yield basis, were 0.88, 0.83, and 0.70, respectively. These genetic correlations, less than or equal to 0.88, indicate that different lactations are different traits. For an accurate evaluation of the genetic merit of animals for milk yield, lactations should be treated as different, but correlated traits in a multiple-lactation analysis.Keywords: Genetic correlation, heritability, Legendre polynomial, test-day model

scholarly journals Estimation the Genetic Parameters for Milk Yield in Romanian Spotted, Simmental Type Cattle Breed

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-121
Author(s):  
Rodica Stefania Pelmuș ◽  
Mircea Cătălin Rotar ◽  
Cristina Lazăr ◽  
Răzvan Alexandru Uță
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Random Regression ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Heritability Estimates

Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters for test-day traits milk yield and the breeding value in Romanian Spotted, Simmental type cattle. Random regression test-day animal model was used to estimate the genetic parameters. The number of records were 2062 test-day from 302 cows. The data were obtained from Romanian Breeding Association Romanian Spotted, Simmental type. The heritability estimates values for milk yield ranged between 0.377 and 0.417. The heritability for fat test-day yield in our study was low the values ranged between 0.117 and 0.236 and for protein test-day yield was medium, the values ranged between 0.308 and 0.372. The breeding value for the best ten cows for milk yield ranged from 1946.57 to 3250.38 kg, for fat yield were between 64.92 and 98.86 kg and for protein ranged from 67.26 to 102.21 kg. The correlations between test-day milk yields ranging from 0.28 to 1. Genetic correlations between test day fat and protein yields were high.

scholarly journals Random regression models to estimate genetic parameters for test-day milk yield and composition in Iranian buffaloes

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 276-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Madad ◽  
N. Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh ◽  
A. A. Shadparvar ◽  
D. Kianzad
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Random Regression ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Heritability Estimates

Abstract. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for milk yield and milk percentages of fat and protein in Iranian buffaloes. A total of 9,278 test-day production records obtained from 1,501 first lactation buffaloes on 414 herds in Iran between 1993 and 2009 were used for the analysis. Genetic parameters for productive traits were estimated using random regression test-day models. Regression curves were modeled using Legendre polynomials (LPs). Heritability estimates were low to moderate for milk production traits and ranged from 0.09 to 0.33 for milk yield, 0.01 to 0.27 for milk protein percentage and 0.03 to 0.24 for milk fat percentage, respectively. Genetic correlations ranged from −0.24 to 1 for milk yield between different days in milk over the lactation. Genetic correlations of milk yield at different days in milk were often higher than permanent environmental correlations. Genetic correlations for milk protein percentage ranged from −0.89 to 1 between different days in milk. Also, genetic correlations for milk percentage of fat ranged from −0.60 to 1 between different days in milk. The highest estimates of genetic and permanent environmental correlations for milk traits were observed at adjacent test-days. Ignoring heritability estimates for milk yield and milk protein percentage in the first and final days of lactation, these estimates were higher in the 120 days of lactation. Test-day milk yield heritability estimates were moderate in the course of the lactation, suggesting that this trait could be applied as selection criteria in Iranian milking buffaloes.

Genetic parameters of test day records of British Holstein-Friesian heifers

1992 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Pander ◽  
W. G. Hill ◽  
R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Likelihood Methods ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Methods ◽  
Heritability Estimates

AbstractEstimates of genetic parameters for test day records of yields of milk, fat and protein and concentrations of fat and protein were obtained on 47 736 British Holstein-Friesian heifers in 7973 herds, progeny of 40 proven (to improve connectedness) and 707 young sires (comprising about one-fifth of the progeny), using multivariate restricted maximum likelihood methods with a sire model.Heritability estimates for lactation yields of milk, fat and protein and concentrations of fat and protein were 0·49, 0·39, 0·43, 0·63 and 0·47, respectively. Estimates for individual test day records of these traits ranged from 0·27 to 0·43, 0·16 to 0·34, 0·22 to 0·33, 0·11 to 0·48 and 0·21 to 0·43, respectively. Generally, heritability estimates for test day records were lowest at start and highest in mid lactation.Estimates of genetic correlations among yields of a trait on different test days ranged from 0·57 to 0·99, and for fat and protein concentrations from 0·34 to 0·99, the correlations being highest for adjacent tests. Phenotypic correlations were lower than genetic correlations. Genetic correlations of test day records with corresponding lactation traits were high (0·76 to 0·99), being highest in mid lactation.Genetic correlations of test day milk yield with test day yields and concentrations of fat and protein throughout the lactation were similar to those for complete lactation.The high heritabilities of test day yields and their high genetic correlations with complete lactation, except for the first 1 or 2 test days, suggest that lactation performance may be predicted from test days in early and mid lactation.

scholarly journals Genetic parameters of test-day somatic cell scores for the first three lactations of Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 381-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rzewuska ◽  
J. Jamrozik ◽  
A. Żarnecki ◽  
T. Strabel
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Bayesian Methods ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Somatic Cell Score ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Covariance Components ◽  
Friesian Cattle

 Genetic parameters for somatic cell score in the first three lactations of Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle were estimated. A multiple-lactation model was applied with random herd-test-day effect, fixed regressions for herd-year and age-season of calving, and random regressions for the additive genetic and permanent environmental effects. The large data set was used that included over one million test-day records and more than 58 000 cows. Estimates of covariance components and genetic parameters were obtained by Bayesian methods using the Gibbs sampler. Average daily heritabilities of somatic cell score (SCS) in the first three lactations were 0.11, 0.12 and 0.14 for the first, second and third lactation, respectively. Estimates of daily heritabilities were rather independent of days in milk (DIM), with no serious abnormalities at the beginning or the end of lactation. Average genetic correlations between SCS on the same DIM were 0.68, 0.62 and 0.70 for first and second, first and third, and second and third parities, respectively, and did not exceed 0.77. The low level of heritability estimates and relatively low genetic correlations between lactations would suggest that selection based on the first lactation only could limit a response in mastitis resistance for later lactations.

Relationships among udder type traits and milk yield of Iranian Holstein-Friesian cattle

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 141-141
Author(s):  
M. R. Sanjabi ◽  
M. G. Govindaiah ◽  
M. M. Moeini
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Type Traits ◽  
High Production ◽  
Friesian Cattle

Correlation among type traits and with milk production has been investigated by Brotherstone (1994) and Misztal et al (1992). One of the primary reasons for collecting and utilizing information on type traits is to aid breeders in selecting profitable functional cows for high production and suitable herd life. The objectives of this study were to estimate phenotypic and genetic correlations among milk production and with udder traits.

scholarly journals Comparison of models for estimating genetic parameters and predicting breeding values for birth weight and calving ease in Czech Charolais cattle 

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 302-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Vostrý ◽  
Z. Veselá ◽  
A. Svitáková ◽  
H. Vostrá Vydrová
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Parameters Estimation ◽  
Calving Ease ◽  
Heritability Estimates

The most appropriate model for genetic parameters estimation for calving ease and birth weight in beef cattle was selected. A total of 27 402 field records were available from the Czech Charolais breed. For estimation of genetic parameters for calving ease and body weight, three bivariate models were tested: a linear-linear animal model (L-LM) with calving ease classified into four categories (1 – easy; 2–4 – most difficult), a linear-linear animal model (SC-LM) in which calving ease scores were transformed into Snell scores (Snell 1964) and expressed as percentage of assisted calving (ranging 0–100%), and a bivariate threshold-linear animal model (T-LM) with calving ease classified into four categories (1 – easy, 2–4 – most difficult). All tested models included fixed effects for contemporary group (herd × year × season), age of dam, sex and breed of a calf. Random effects included direct and maternal genetic effects, maternal permanent environmental effect, and residual error. Direct heritability estimates for calving ease and birth weight were, with the use of L-LM, SC-LM, and T-LM, from 0.096 ± 0.013 to 0.226 ± 0.024 and from 0.210 ± 0.024 to 0.225 ± 0.026, respectively. Maternal heritability estimates for calving ease and birth weight were, with the use of L-LM, SC-LM, and T-LM, from 0.060 ± 0.031 to 0.104 ± 0.125 and from 0.074 ± 0.041 to 0.075 ± 0.040, respectively. Genetic correlations of direct calving ease with direct birth weight ranged from 0.46 ± 0.06 to 0.50 ± 0.06 for all tested models; whereas maternal genetic correlations between these two traits ranged from 0.24 ± 0.17 to 0.25 ± 0.53. Correlations between direct and maternal genetic effects within-trait were negative and substantial for all tested models (ranging from –0.574 ± 0.125 to –0.680 ± 0.141 for calving ease and from –0.553 ± 0.122 to –0.558 ± 0.118 for birth weight, respectively), illustrating the importance of including this parameter in calving ease evaluations. Results indicate that any of the tested models could be used to reliably estimate genetic parameters for calving ease for beef cattle in the Czech Republic. However, because of advantages in computation time and practical considerations, genetic analysis using SC-LM (transformed data) is recommended.

Genetic aspects of common health disorders and measures of fertility in Holstein Friesian dairy cattle

1997 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Pryce ◽  
R. F. Veerkamp ◽  
R. Thompson ◽  
W. G. Hill ◽  
G. Simm
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Milk Fever ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Fertility Traits

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for measures offertility and several health disorders in dairy cows. Data consisted of 33732 records, of which 9163 were on heifers, on 305-day milk yield, health disorders and inseminations. Measures offertility were calculated from calving and insemination dates and included calving interval, days to first service and conception to first service. Health disorders included milk fever, mastitis and lameness. Genetic and phenotypic (co)variances were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood. Heritability estimates for both health disorders and fertility traits were low, ranging from 0·003 to 0·080. All genetic correlations between 305-day milk yield and health and fertility traits, in cows and heifers together, were antagonistic implying that selection for milk yield may have caused a deterioration in health and fertility. The unfavourable correlation between milk yield and health and fertility traits, plus the economic importance of the latter, suggests that future breeding goals should be expanded to include some health disorders and fertility.

Genetic parameters of beef characters and the genetic relationship between meat and milk production in British Friesian cattle

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. L. Mason ◽  
V. E. Vial ◽  
R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Friesian Cattle ◽  
Weight For Age

SUMMARYA beef progeny test was organized for 66 British Friesian bulls standing at AI centres in England. Eighty-one progeny groups averaging 8-5 steers each were reared on the farms of various co-operating organizations and their growth and carcass characters were recorded. Heritability of various measurements of gain varied from 0 to 0·34, of carcass conformation measures from 0·24 to 0·50, of muscle and fat percentage in the rib joint was 0·58 and 0·46 respectively, of other measures of fatness varied from 0·04 to 0·18, of weight of feet was 0·4 and of weight of hide 0·5.Phenotypic correlations among beef characters gave no indication that carcass composition could be predicted from the external carcass measurements or subjective scores used in this study. Genetic correlations suggested that selection for weight for age would produce a fatter and more compact carcass. Genetic correlations were high and negative between milk yield (contemporary comparison) and weight for age, carcass weight/length, and blockiness of leg, and high and positive between milk yield, and carcass depth/length and percentage bone in the rib joint. Their standard errors were also high.

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