Morphological feature of brachial artery and its clinical significance

Abstract Introduction: The present study is to provide comprehensive data concerning the morphology of brachial artery which has a clinical significance for clinicians, orthopedics, vascular surgeons and anatomists. Materials and Methods: Routine dissections of the right and left upper limb of 34 adult cadavers (20 male and 14 female: mean age 78.9 year) were undertaken. It investigates the characteristics of the brachial artery such as the internal diameter, external diameter, wall thickness and distance of bifurcation of brachial artery. Results: The mean of the external and internal diameters of the brachial artery from proximal to distal ranged from 6.87-5.35 mm respectively. The bifurcation of the brachial artery from the head of radius into its terminal branch radial and ulnar artery ranged from 13.49-13.79 mm, while the distance of bifurcation of common interosseous from origin of the ulnar artery ranged from 33.11-33.45 mm. The angle of bifurcation ofthe radial and ulnar arteries from the brachial artery ranged from 5.79-7.33° and 18.640-19.36° respectively. Due to variability of the brachial artery in the upper limb, the surgical and invasive procedures are performed in the region such as artiicial arterial-venous fistula become more difficult and may result in iatrogenic injury. Conclusion: Therefore, it is a clinical significant for surgeons to known the variable morphology and course of brachial artery to minimize surgical complication prior to operation.

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Superficial radial artery - a rare variation and its clinical significance

National Journal of Clinical Anatomy ◽

10.1055/s-0039-3401768 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 03 (04) ◽

pp. 225-228

Author(s):

Sankaran PK ◽

Gunapriya Raghunath ◽

Sathyan R. ◽

Keyword(s):

Clinical Significance ◽

Radial Artery ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Axillary Artery ◽

Terminal Branch ◽

Rare Variation ◽

Female Cadaver ◽

The Right

AbstractDuring routine dissection of upper limb, a variation in the origin of radial artery was observed in a female cadaver of about 60 years. The radial artery is usually a smaller terminal branch of the brachial artery in the forearm. On the right side of the cadaver the radial artery was found to originate from second part of the axillary artery, whereas on the left side the origin of radial artery was found to be normal. This variant of radial artery has been rarely documented in literature. Accurate anatomy of radial artery and its variations have definite diagnostic, interventional, and surgical significance.

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The superficial ulnar artery: development and clinical significance

Jornal Vascular Brasileiro ◽

10.1590/s1677-54492007000300013 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 284-287

Author(s):

Srinivasulu Reddy ◽

Venkata Ramana Vollala

Keyword(s):

Clinical Significance ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Biceps Brachii ◽

Ulnar Artery ◽

Wide Range ◽

Male Cadaver ◽

Median Cubital Vein ◽

Muscular Branch ◽

Superficial Ulnar Artery

The principal arteries of the upper limb show a wide range of variation that is of considerable interest to orthopedic surgeons, plastic surgeons, radiologists and anatomists. We present here a case of superficial ulnar artery found during the routine dissection of right upper limb of a 50-year-old male cadaver. The superficial ulnar artery originated from the brachial artery, crossed the median nerve anteriorly and ran lateral to this nerve and the brachial artery. The superficial ulnar artery in the arm gave rise to a narrow muscular branch to the biceps brachii. At the elbow level the artery ran superficial to the bicipital aponeurosis where it was crossed by the median cubital vein. It then ran downward and medially superficial to the forearm flexor muscles, and then downward to enter the hand. At the palm, it formed the superficial and deep palmar arches together with the branches of the radial artery. The presence of a superficial ulnar artery is clinically important when raising forearm flaps in reconstructive surgery. The embryology and clinical significance of the variation are discussed.

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Brachio- Axillary Translocation Fistula with Reverse Saphenous Venous Graft: a New Hope for the Patients of End stage Renal Disease

Bangladesh Heart Journal ◽

10.3329/bhj.v33i2.39310 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 134-137

Author(s):

SMG Saklayen Russel ◽

Jubayer Ahmad ◽

Raju Ahmed ◽

Jashim Uddin ◽

Suman Nazmul Hosain

Keyword(s):

Upper Limb ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Proximal Part ◽

Fistula Formation ◽

Axillary Vein ◽

Av Fistula ◽

Venous Fistula ◽

The Right ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage

Native arterio-venous fistula (AVF) are the preferred mode of repeated vascular access for the chronic renal failure patients surviving on hemodialysis because of their easy accessibility, good long term patency, low complication rate and cost-effectiveness. Creation of a fistula between the radial or brachial artery and a suitable adjacent vein is the most commonly practiced option. However the major upper arm veins of the CKD patients are often found thrombosed, cord like and not suitable for AV anastomosis. A 48 years old male patient of chronic kidney disease with a permanent catheter placed in the right subclavian vein was referred to create an AV fistula. On exploration none of the upper limb veins was found suitable for fistula formation. The proximal part of the left GSV was harvested from patient’s left upper thigh and was used to make a connection between left brachial artery at cubital fossa and the left axillary vein. To avoid over flooding of the limb vasculature, partial banding of the left axillary vein was done distal to this anastomosis. When all options in both upper limbs are exhausted, autologous great saphenous grafts may be a very useful tool for the surgeons in creating upper limb AV fistulas in difficult situations Bangladesh Heart Journal 2018; 33(2) : 134-137

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THE ARTERY BLOOD SUPPLY VARIANT OF THE UPPER LIMB

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports ◽

10.15386/cjmed-549 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 88 (4) ◽

pp. 545-549

Author(s):

Ivan Maslarski

Keyword(s):

Radial Artery ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Vascular Anatomy ◽

Ulnar Artery ◽

Lateral Side ◽

Palmar Arch ◽

Male Cadaver ◽

Hand Region ◽

The Right

Variations of arterial patterns in the upper limb have represented the most common subject of vascular anatomy. Different types of artery branching pattern of the upper limb are very important for orthopedists in angiographic and microvascular surgical practice.The brachial artery (BA) is the most important vessel in the normal vascular anatomy of the upper limb. The classical pattern of the palmar hand region distribution shows the superficial palmar arch. Normally this arch is formed by the superficial branch of the ulnar artery and completed on the lateral side by one of these arteries: the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery, the princeps pollicis artery, the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery or the median artery.After the routine dissection of the right upper limb of an adult male cadaver, we found a very rare variant of the superficial arch artery – a division in a higher level brachial artery. We found this division at 10.4 cm from the beginning of the brachial artery. This superficial brachial artery became a radial artery and was not involved in the formation of the palm arch. In the forearm region, the artery variant was present with the median artery and the ulnar artery, which form the superficial palm arch.

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Unilateral high division of brachial artery

National Journal of Clinical Anatomy ◽

10.1055/s-0039-3401598 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 05 (02) ◽

pp. 266-272

Author(s):

T. M. Sucharitha ◽

L. Hema ◽

S. V. Phanindra

Keyword(s):

Upper Limb ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Clinical Importance ◽

Branching Pattern ◽

Invasive Procedures ◽

Arterial Variations ◽

Female Cadaver ◽

Variation Patterns ◽

Cubital Fossa ◽

The Right

AbstractArterial variations in the arm are of great clinical importance as this area is commonly involved in many surgical and invasive procedures. During dissection, we observed in the right upper limb a variation in the division and branching pattern of brachial artery in a female cadaver. The short segmented brachial artery divided about 6 cms. above the line joining the epicondyles of the humerus, but not in the cubital fossa. The course of the two divisions in the forearm is normal. Knowledge of these variation patterns is useful during surgeries.

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Variations in the branching pattern of brachial, ulnar and radial arteries

National Journal of Clinical Anatomy ◽

10.1055/s-0039-3401552 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 04 (02) ◽

pp. 107-109

Author(s):

Ashwini Mutalik ◽

Chandrashekhar Hanji ◽

Sanjeev I Kolagi ◽

GB Rairam

Keyword(s):

Clinical Significance ◽

Radial Artery ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Ulnar Artery ◽

Vascular Anomalies ◽

Branching Pattern ◽

Medical College ◽

Collateral Arteries ◽

Interosseous Artery

AbstractDuring routine dissection of a cadaver alloted to the undergraduate students in the department of anatomy in SN Medical College, Bagalkot, the authors found multiple variations in the branching pattern of brachial, ulnar and radial arteries. There was high division of brachial artery into ulnar and radial arteries. The profunda brachii originated from brachial artery as usual while superior and inferior ulnar collateral arteries originated from ulnar artery. The radial artery gave origin to common interosseous artery which further divided into anterior and posterior interosseous arteries. All the three arteries i.e. brachial, ulnar and radial were considered as superficial arteries as they were superficial throughout the course. These observations of vascular anomalies are of clinical significance to vascular and plastic surgeons.

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Observation of modes of brachial artery termination in south Indian cadavers

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20175452 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. 5347

Author(s):

R. S. Jnanesh

Keyword(s):

Radial Artery ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Elbow Joint ◽

Ulnar Artery ◽

Anatomical Variations ◽

Accurate Knowledge ◽

South Indian ◽

Anatomical Knowledge ◽

Relationship Of

Background: Variations in upper limb arteries have been frequently observed. Accurate knowledge of muscular and neurovascular variations is important for both surgeons and radiologists, which may prevent diagnostic errors.Methods: A study was done to note the variations in the termination of brachial artery in relation to the level of termination and the terminal branches. A total of 60 upper limbs (33 Right, 27 Left) were studied. The level of termination of brachial artery was identified based on the distance between the intercondylar line and the point of termination. The classic textbook description of brachial artery bifurcating into radial and ulnar arteries, 1 cm distal to elbow joint (ICL) was taken as normal.Results: A high origin of radial artery was noted in 11.67% of cases. Variations in the origin and relationship of median nerve to brachial artery, radial artery and ulnar artery was seen in 4 cases.Conclusions: Due to higher incidence of anatomical variations of arteries of the upper limb, prior anatomical knowledge of anomalies is of great clinical significance to vascular surgeons, orthopaedicians and radiologists performing angiographic studies.

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Superficial brachial artery

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526.34.3.195 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 195-197

Author(s):

Atahan ◽

Cetinus ◽

Yasim

Keyword(s):

Upper Extremity ◽

Female Patient ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Invasive Procedures ◽

Arterial Variation ◽

Superficial Brachial Artery ◽

Therapeutic Procedures ◽

The Right

Anomalies of the ramification of arteries in the upper extremity are an important consideration due to the large number of invasive procedures, both diagnostic and therapeutic, performed particularly in the cubital region of the upper limb. It is important for health professionals to be aware of arterial variation to prevent complications during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Here, we describe a rare unilateral anomaly of the brachial artery which courses subcutaneously through the right arm to the cubital region in a 75 year-old female patient.

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Co-existence of superficial brachio-ulno-radial arterial pattern and persistent median artery

Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1699324 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 42 (01) ◽

pp. 112-114

Author(s):

Lakshmi Ramanathan ◽

Soubhagya R. Nayak ◽

K. V. Vinay ◽

Ashwin Krishnamurthy ◽

Latha V. Prabhu

Keyword(s):

Clinical Significance ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Arterial System ◽

Arterial Cannulation ◽

Upper Limbs ◽

Female Cadaver ◽

Median Artery ◽

The Right

ABSTRACTThe arteries of the upper limbs are situated in a deep plane and are the favourable sites for intra-arterial cannulation. During routine dissection of the left upper limb of a 52-year-old female cadaver, we observed a superficial arterial pattern which was of superficial brachio-ulno-radial type. The right upper limb of the same individual did not show any abnormal arterial pattern. This superficial arterial system was also associated with a palmar type of median artery. The clinical significance of the anomalous arterial system of the upper limb is discussed.

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Anomalous superficial ulnar artery based flap

Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery ◽

10.4103/0970-0358.129643 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 47 (01) ◽

pp. 124-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C. V. Ramani ◽

Girish K. Kundagulwar ◽

Jaiswal Dushyanth ◽

Yadav S. Prabha

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Ulnar Artery ◽

Vascular Anomalies ◽

Pedicle Flap ◽

Arterial Variations ◽

Main Vessel ◽

Upper Third ◽

Superficial Ulnar Artery

ABSTRACTUpper limb shows a large number of arterial variations. This case report describes the presence of additional superficial ulnar artery which was used to raise a pedicle flap to cover an arm defect thus avoided using the main vessel of the forearm - radial or ulnar artery. Vascular anomalies occurring in the arm and forearm tend to increase the likelihood of damaging the superficial anomalous arteries during surgery. Superficial ulnar or radial arteries have been described to originate from the upper third of the brachial artery; here we report the origin of the anomalous superficial ulnar artery originating from the brachial artery at the level of elbow with the concomitant presence of normal deep radial and ulnar arteries.

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