Rapid Growth Effects on Rural Community Relations

Pollution and Protest in China: Environmental Mobilization in Context

The China Quarterly ◽

10.1017/s0305741013000659 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 214 ◽

pp. 321-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Yanhua Deng ◽

Guobin Yang

Keyword(s):

Rural Community ◽

Community Relations ◽

Environmental Threat ◽

Economic Dependency ◽

Environmental Controversy ◽

The Face ◽

Context Dependent ◽

Environmental Mobilization ◽

The Relationship

AbstractThis article focuses on environmental controversy in a Chinese rural community. It shows that Chinese villagers may protest against anticipated pollution if the environmental threat is effectively framed. In the face of real and serious pollution, villagers may seek to redress environmental grievances by piggybacking on politically favourable issues. However, when the pollution is caused by fellow villagers, environmentally concerned villagers may remain silent owing to the constraints of community relations and economic dependency. These findings suggest that the relationship between pollution and protest is context-dependent.

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Stable Mobilities and Mobile Stabilities in Rural Estonian Communities

European Countryside ◽

10.2478/euco-2021-0016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 222-241

Author(s):

Raili Nugin ◽

Kadri Kasemets

Keyword(s):

Case Studies ◽

Rural Community ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Geographical Location ◽

Community Relations ◽

Social Self ◽

Self Reflection ◽

Demographic Composition ◽

Urban Rural ◽

Depth Interviews

Abstract By analyzing the relations of communities and places in sparsely located rural areas, this article argues that rural community is not a stable unity tied to a place, but a phenomenon closely tied to its members’ connections to the interdependent concept of urban/rural, especially in terms of their mobility practices. In this study, the new mobilities paradigm was applied to reveal how everyday relational and routine aspects connected to material, structural, socio-cultural and economic conditioning dynamically intertwine to form a rural community. The analysis is based on three regional case studies in Estonian sparsely populated areas, which are diverse in terms of geographical location, demographic composition, type of settlement, history, and welfare conditions. By using qualitative in-depth interviews with people (N=60) who were involved with the locations, the article analyses everyday mobilities in these communities, especially in terms of interrelatedness to structural, social and material factors. The study has brought out interrelated themes that are connected to the use of rural representations in terms of individual and social self-reflection, the importance of social and material infrastructures, and the dynamics of these borders in communities and shaping community relations.

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Removing Substrate Background in TEM Microanalysis

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100052857 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 568-569

Author(s):

John C. Russ ◽

Nicholas C. Barbi

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Rapid Growth ◽

Organic Film ◽

Absolute Concentration ◽

Background Signal ◽

X Ray ◽

Elemental Concentrations ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Electron Microscopes ◽

The Continuum

The rapid growth of interest in attaching energy-dispersive x-ray analysis systems to transmission electron microscopes has centered largely on microanalysis of biological specimens. These are frequently either embedded in plastic or supported by an organic film, which is of great importance as regards stability under the beam since it provides thermal and electrical conductivity from the specimen to the grid.Unfortunately, the supporting medium also produces continuum x-radiation or Bremsstrahlung, which is added to the x-ray spectrum from the sample. It is not difficult to separate the characteristic peaks from the elements in the specimen from the total continuum background, but sometimes it is also necessary to separate the continuum due to the sample from that due to the support. For instance, it is possible to compute relative elemental concentrations in the sample, without standards, based on the relative net characteristic elemental intensities without regard to background; but to calculate absolute concentration, it is necessary to use the background signal itself as a measure of the total excited specimen mass.

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