A Farewell to Arms? The Military and the Nation-State in a Changing World

Semantic is a branch of linguistics that is focused on the meaning of being used by almost of all people in conveying particular communication purpose. Such in the context of speech, people are tend to choose particular diction or language which may bring different sense or meaning to the hearer. It is thus necessary to study the meaning semantically for preventing misunderstandings in interpreting the meaning. So then this study explored the used of semantic meaning in Susilo Bambang Yudhoyo’s speech entitled “The Role of Military in a Changing World”. This study focused on associative meaning and conducted by using descriptive qualitative method. The researcher found that there are 131 utterances in SBY’s speech categorized as associative meaning. The results of this study indicate that the associative meaning in SBY’s speech can be realized through contrastive concept and considering the context it used. Furthermore, it is found that the frequently type of associative meaning used in SBY’s speech was affective meaning in amount of 44%.

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Sources of Nepali Army’s military effectiveness during the Anglo-Nepal War

Unity Journal ◽

10.3126/unityj.v1i0.35701 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 114-119

Author(s):

Phanindra Subba

Keyword(s):

South Asia ◽

Effective Resistance ◽

Military Power ◽

Nation State ◽

Military Effectiveness ◽

Sovereign State ◽

Institutional Stability ◽

Political Resources ◽

The Creation ◽

The Military

Military effectiveness is the process by which the military converts available material and political resources into military power. The organizational revolution that took place in Europe during the period, 1500- 1700, multiplied the military effectiveness of the European states. This paper, however, aims to assess the military effectiveness of the Nepalese Army during the Anglo- Nepal War, 1814-16, in the context of the failure of many of the armies of South Asia to mount an effective resistance against the colonial onslaught. Further, it explores the sources of the Nepali Army’s effectiveness in performance rooted in Prithvi Narayan Shah’s national army in its formative phase. His concept of the nation-state, the creation of a permanent army and his policy of not limiting recruitment and promotions to the natives of Gorkha laid the foundation for a loyal, competent multi–ethnic army. Moreover, this paper states that the institutional stability provided by his successors during a period of political turbulence spared the army time to consolidate and pass its institutional memory to the following generation. War is a brutal business, and the military effectiveness of armies is tested in the battlefield in which weaknesses are severely punished after their exposures. Strong states fight to win, the weak to survive. The paper concludes that the Nepali Army proved its military effectiveness during the Anglo-Nepal War by ensuring Nepal’s continued survival as an independent, sovereign state ever.

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Toward a Theory of Pernicious Polarization and How It Harms Democracies: Comparative Evidence and Possible Remedies

The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science ◽

10.1177/0002716218818782 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 681 (1) ◽

pp. 234-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jennifer McCoy ◽

Murat Somer

Keyword(s):

Case Studies ◽

The Political ◽

Political Elites ◽

Nation State ◽

Special Issue ◽

Political Entrepreneurs ◽

The Military ◽

Eleven Case ◽

Relative Capacity

This article compares the dynamics of polarization in the eleven case studies analyzed in this special issue to draw conclusions about antecedents of severe political and societal polarization, the characteristics and mechanisms of such polarization, and consequences of severe polarization for democracy. We find that the emergence of pernicious polarization (when a society is split into mutually distrustful “Us vs. Them” camps) is not attributable to any specific underlying social or political cleavage nor any particular institutional make-up. Instead, pernicious polarization arises when political entrepreneurs pursue their political objectives by using polarizing strategies, such as mobilizing voters with divisive, demonizing discourse and exploiting existing grievances, and opposing political elites then reciprocate with similarly polarizing tactics or fail to develop effective nonpolarizing responses. We explain how the political construction of polarization around “formative rifts” (social or political rifts that arise during the fundamental formation/reformation of a nation-state), the relative capacity of opposing political blocs to mobilize voters versus relying on mechanisms such as courts or the military to constrain the executive, and the strategic and ideological aims of the polarizing actors contribute to the emergence of its pernicious form. We analyze the consequences for democracy and conclude with reflections on how to combat pernicious polarization.

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Schools of Citizenship

The Loyal Republic ◽

10.5149/northcarolina/9781469636320.003.0004 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 64-86

Author(s):

Erik Mathisen

Keyword(s):

Military Service ◽

Nation State ◽

Confederate States Of America ◽

A Site ◽

The Military

Conceived in war, the Confederate States of America was a nation-state built around its military. As this chapter argues, military service quickly became fused with ideas about Confederate citizenship, and the military became a site where faith in the national cause melded effortlessly with religion and where white southern men were schooled in how to become soldiers and citizens, all at once.

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