Employment instability and the restructuring of rural and rural–urban labour markets in two Latin American export industries

2015 ◽  
pp. 298-326
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
American Export ◽  
Export Industries ◽  
Employment Instability

Business confidence mars Chile investment outlook

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Commodity Export ◽  
Business Confidence ◽  
Export Industries ◽  
The Impact

Subject The impact of falling investment. Significance Since 2013, investment has been declining in many Latin American countries in a trend related to lower commodity prices. However, in Chile, the contraction has been particularly marked and is also attributed to a loss of business confidence caused by domestic political factors. Impacts An expected increase in international interest rates will play against higher private investment next year. Increased competitiveness as a result of peso depreciation may boost investment in some non-commodity export industries. Local businesses, accustomed to Chile's economic and political stability, will find it difficult to adjust to increased uncertainty.

Nontraditional Export Promotion in Costa Rica: Sustaining Export-Led Growth

1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary A. Clark
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Lost Decade ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Export Industries ◽  
External Actors

In many Latin American countries during the 1980s, domestic elites joined with international development institutions to advocate structural adjustment policies as the solution to the region's “lost decade.” Proponents of such policies sought economic rejuvenation based on export-led growth (ELG) strategies. The new ELG programs were to replace importsubstituting industrialization (ISI) schemes and complement traditional primary commodity exports with new agricultural and industrial exports (nontraditionals). It was hoped that these Latin American nations would replicate the spectacular growth patterns of the East Asian “dragons” by exploiting comparative advantages to build nontraditional export industries.Whereas ELG strategies have proven to be sustainable over the long-term in East Asia, research on the evolution of such policies in Latin America is only beginning. The problem of sustainability bedevils all ELG programs, particularly in those countries which relied on external actors to design the new policies and fund supporting institutions.

Seminar on Social Aspects of Economic Development

1964 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-299
Author(s):  
Astrid Nypan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
American School ◽  
Peace Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research Institute

This seminar was arranged by the Peace Research Institute in Oslo for the purpose of bringing together scattered research workers for the exchange of ideas and methods. They were able to draw on experience from Africa, Asia, and Latin America.P. Heintz, director of the Latin American School of Sociology, Santiago, opened the seminar with a talk on the relationship between anomie and development. He mentioned institutional anomie, the compartmentalisation of sectors of society, which occurs, for example, when education fails to make any contribution to the economy. Although he paid more attention to individual anomie, and how it can be absorbed into and dissolved by anomie structures, the institutional concept would appear to be extremely relevant to development problems. Labour markets and the transformation from ascribed to achieved status were mentioned as mechanisms to reduce institutional anomie.

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