Outsourcing, labour productivity and wage inequality in the US: a primal approach

2014 ◽  
pp. 107-122
Keyword(s):  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
The Us

Outsourcing, labour productivity and wage inequality in the US: a primal approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aekapol Chongvilaivan ◽  
Jung Hur
Keyword(s):  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
The Us

Wage Inequality and the New Economy in the US: Does IT-Led Growth Generate Wage Inequality

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. S203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Mishel ◽  
Jared Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Wage Inequality ◽  
New Economy ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals A Causal Analysis of the R&D Interactions between the EU and the US

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1850121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdal Atukeren
Keyword(s):  
Granger Causality ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Causal Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Us ◽  
Causality Tests ◽  
Granger Causality Tests ◽  
The Eu

This paper examines the relationships between the aggregate R&D activities of the EU and the US using multivariate Granger-causality tests. Our estimation results indicate that the EU reacts positively to increases in R&D productivity in the US. On the other hand, R&D activity in the EU is a direct Granger-cause of both R&D and labour productivity in the US, and the effects are negative. It was shown in the literature that the US reacts submissively to successful Japanese R&D. We extend the literature by demonstrating that the US also reacts submissively to increased R&D effort in the EU.

scholarly journals Social Connections and Racial Wage Inequality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas H Tenev
Keyword(s):  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
Search Model ◽  
Black Workers ◽  
The Us ◽  
Racial Wage Gap ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Individual Human

How much of the wage gap between black workers and others in the US owes to differences in jobs found through social connections? Panel data from the NLSY79 are used to estimate a job search model in which individual human capital is distinguished from social capital by comparing the wages and frequency of jobs found directly with those of jobs found through friends. Jobs found through friends tend to pay more, but this premium is lower for black workers; the difference can account for 10% of the racial wage gap.

scholarly journals Labour productivity, wages and the functional distribution of income in Portugal: A sectoral approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Carlos Lopes ◽  
José Carlos Coelho ◽  
Vítor Escária
Keyword(s):  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Wage Share ◽  
Labour Share ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Sectoral Approach ◽  
Functional Distribution ◽  
Distribution Of Income

AbstractThe main purpose of this paper is to study the functional distribution of income in Portugal in the long run, considering the period between 1953 and 2017. The labour share in income or value added depends on two fundamental variables, labour productivity and the average labour compensation. The trends of these variables are quantified for the aggregate economy and for its main productive sectors. An interesting result emerges, namely the different dynamics across sectors, both for the (unadjusted) wage share (considering only the wages of employees) and for the adjusted labour share (considering also as labour compensation one fraction of mixed income). Moreover, a shift-share analysis is used, in order to distinguish the importance of each sector's wage share evolution (“within” effect) and the changes in each sector's weight (structural changes, or “between” effect). Finally, a first attempt to incorporate the effect of wage inequality on the functional distribution of income is made, subtracting the labour compensation of the highest paid workers (top 10%, 5% and 1%) in order to calculate the wage share of the (so-called) "typical" workers.

Immigration and the US farm labour supply

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Edward Taylor ◽  
Stephen R. Boucher ◽  
Aaron Smith ◽  
Peri L. Fletcher ◽  
Antonio Yúnez-Naude
Keyword(s):  
Labour Supply ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
The Us ◽  
Econometric Evidence ◽  
Rural Mexico ◽  
Foreign Agricultural

This paper uses unique data from rural Mexico to examine the supply of immigrant hired labour to US farms. Econometric evidence indicates that immigration policy reforms had unintended consequences for farm labour supply. The long-term trend in migration from rural Mexico to US farms is decreasing, and in recent years, US farms have drawn more labour from remote and less developed areas of rural Mexico. Other high income countries, as well as some developing nations, mirror the US in reliance on foreign agricultural workers. Our analysis questions the sustainability of an agricultural system that depends on foreign sources of labour, and highlights the importance of labour productivity-enhancing technological change.

Poor Productivity and Damaging Demography

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Andrew Smithers
Keyword(s):  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Combined Impact

Over the past decade the slowdown in growth has reduced UK GDP by 20 per cent and US by 18 per cent. The contributions to this decline are calculated from changes in the population of working age, unemployment, participation rates, hours worked, and labour productivity. This shows that the deterioration in productivity caused 102 per cent of the slowdown in the growth of GDP for the UK and 65 per cent for the US, and the changes in demography caused 15 per cent of the slowdown in the UK and 37 per cent in the US. At least 100 per cent of this decline was therefore caused by damaging changes in demography and productivity. Changes in unemployment, participation rates, and hours worked offset some of the deterioration in demography in the UK but had almost no combined impact in the US.

Structural change and relative demand for skilled workers: new evidence from the US manufacturing

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1673-1696
Author(s):  
Aekapol Chongvilaivan ◽  
Jung Hur
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Relative Demand ◽  
The Us ◽  
Manufacturing Sectors

Abstract The present paper empirically investigates the effects of structural change—change in labor productivity fueled by labor reallocation across industries—on relative demand for skilled workers, using the NBER-CES Manufacturing Industry Database for the period of 1958–2011. The measures unveil that the US manufacturing sectors had experienced dramatic structural change since the 1990s when labor was reallocated from high-productivity to low-productivity industries. Furthermore, we find the evidence that the growth-reducing structural change impinges positively on relative demand for skilled workers and is therefore another driving force of rising wage inequality, apart from high-tech capital investment and outsourcing activities, in the US manufacturing sectors.

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