Assessment of Optimum Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) for Maximum Biogas Production and Total Volatile Solid (TVS) Removal Efficiency of Semi-Continuously Fed and Mixed Reactor (SCFMR) Fed with Dairy Cow Manure

This study examines the effect of mixing on the performance of anaerobic digestion of cow manure in Chinese dome digesters (CDDs) at ambient temperatures (27–32 °C) in comparison with impeller mixed digesters (STRs) and unmixed digesters (UMDs) at the laboratory scale. The CDD is a type of household digester used in rural and pre-urban areas of developing countries for cooking. They are mixed by hydraulic variation during gas production and gas use. Six digesters (two of each type) were operated at two different influent total solids (TS) concentration, at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 30 days for 319 days. The STRs were mixed at 55 rpm, 10 min/hour; the unmixed digesters were not mixed, and the Chinese dome digesters were mixed once a day releasing the stored biogas under pressure. The reactors exhibited different specific biogas production and treatment efficiencies at steady state conditions. The STR 1 exhibited the highest methane (CH4) production and treatment efficiency (volatile solid (VS) reduction), followed by STR 2. The CDDs performed better (10% more methane) than the UMDs, but less (approx. 8%) compared to STRs. The mixing regime via hydraulic variation in the CDD was limited despite a higher volumetric biogas rate and therefore requires optimization.

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Electroporation of harvest residues for enhanced biogas production in anaerobic co-digestion with dairy cow manure

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.086 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 274 ◽

pp. 215-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Đurđica Kovačić ◽

Davor Kralik ◽

Slavko Rupčić ◽

Daria Jovičić ◽

Robert Spajić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cow ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Harvest Residues ◽

Dairy Cow Manure

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Life cycle assessment of biogas production through anaerobic co-digestion of nopal cladodes and dairy cow manure

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.11.180 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 172 ◽

pp. 2313-2322 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Félix Rafael Ramírez-Arpide ◽

Göksel N. Demirer ◽

Clemente Gallegos-Vázquez ◽

Guadalupe Hernández-Eugenio ◽

Vinicio Horacio Santoyo-Cortés ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Dairy Cow ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Dairy Cow Manure

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Effects of temperature on post‐methanation of digested dairy cow manure in a farm‐scale biogas production system

Environmental Technology ◽

10.1080/09593330309385674 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 24 (10) ◽

pp. 1315-1321 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

P. L. N. Kaparaju ◽

J. A. Rintala

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cow ◽

Production System ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Farm Scale ◽

Effects Of Temperature ◽

Dairy Cow Manure

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Treatment of S. cereviseae and dairy cow manure on organic waste for biogas production

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/483/1/012032 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 483 ◽

pp. 012032

Author(s):

T R Lestari ◽

G L Utama ◽

A B Susanto

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cow ◽

Organic Waste ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Dairy Cow Manure

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Improved Mixing System for Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactors

Transactions of the ASABE ◽

10.13031/trans.13549 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 933-942

Author(s):

Douglas W. Hamilton ◽

Hernan Fernandez-Barriales Lopez ◽

Emilia P. Cuesta Alonso

Keyword(s):

Removal Efficiency ◽

Retention Time ◽

Hydraulic Retention Time ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Biogas Yield ◽

Effluent Quality ◽

Solids Retention Time ◽

Solids Retention ◽

Vs Removal

HighlightsA novel single-jet mixing system was designed for ASBR digesters.Mixing energy was reduced to the point that solids were only partially suspended in the reactor vessel.The partial mixing system increased effluent quality as measured by suspended solids content.The partial mixing system increased solids retention, allowing hydraulic retention time (HRT) to be reduced to at least 7.5 days while maintaining solids retention time (SRT) above 100 days.The partial mixing system did not reduce biogas production rate nor biogas yield.Abstract. An anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR) is a high-rate anaerobic digestion system ideally suited for the treatment of liquids with high organic strength and low solids content. Biota are retained in an ASBR by settling solids prior to decanting effluent from the top of the reactor. Solids retention time (SRT) can be managed separately from hydraulic retention time (HRT) in an ASBR. One problem encountered with ASBRs is poor solids retention due to inefficient solids settling. A novel mixing system in which solids are only partially mixed in the reactor prior to decanting was investigated in a series of three experiments. A battery of six 30 L ASBR reactors were fed a mixture of dilute swine manure (0.30% TS, 0.20% VS) and raw glycerol. In a side-by-side comparison of two reactors operated at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 0.30 g COD L-1 d-1 with 15-day HRT and two feeding cycles per day, the partially mixed reactor outperformed the fully mixed reactor as measured by effluent quality (130 vs. 350 mg VSS L-1), SRT (354 vs. 52 days), and VS removal efficiency (88% vs. 79%). In a replicated study of five reactors operated at 0.31 g COD L-1 d-1 OLR, 15-day HRT, and two feeding cycles per day before and after switching from full to partial mixing, the partially mixed reactors showed significantly (p = 0.05) better performance as measured by effluent quality (100 vs. 382 mg VSS L-1), SRT (760 vs. 72 days), and VS removal efficiency (85% vs. 71%). Biogas production did not significantly change with the change from full to partial mixing in the five replicated reactors, i.e., average biogas yield was 0.81 and 0.77 L biogas g-1 COD with partial and full mixing, respectively. Effluent quality, SRT, VS removal efficiency, and biogas yield did not significantly change when the OLR was increased from 0.31 to 0.62 g COD L-1 d-1 and HRT was reduced from 15 to 7.5 days in a replicated study of six partially mixed reactors. A mass balance of COD across the six partially mixed reactors showed that endogenous respiration of retained biomass accounted for approximately 50% of the biogas produced by an ASBR with SRT exceeding 400 days. Keywords: Anaerobic digestion, Anaerobic sequencing batch reactor, ASBR, Biogas, Glycerol, Hydraulic retention time, Mixing, Operation, Performance, Solids retention time, Swine manure.

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Evaluation of Methane Production From Dairy Cow Manure and Vegetable Waste

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v13n4p27 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Ephodia Sihlangu ◽

Dibungi Luseba ◽

Khathutshelo A. Nephawe ◽

Florence V. Nherera-Chokuda

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Dairy Cow ◽

Methane Production ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Buffering Capacity ◽

Animal Waste ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Vegetable Waste ◽

Dairy Cow Manure ◽

Determine Effect

Dairy cow manure has high buffering capacity hence a substrate for anaerobic digestion, however the process is not optimised in mono-digestion system due to limited substrate. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of co-digesting animal waste and vegetable waste on methane production. Two systems were applied- batch and continuous anaerobic digestion system to determine effect on methane yield. The experiments were conducted with treatments as: manure alone (M), composite of manure with cabbage (MC), manure with potatoes (MP), manure with cabbage and potatoes (MCP), faecal alone (F), faecal with cabbage (FC), faecal with potatoes (FP) and faecal with cabbage and potatoes (FCP). Rectal grab samples were collected prior to incubation and manure was collected from the pens. All treatments were in replicates. Composite of manure or faecal with cabbage and potatoes produced the highest biogas (FCP: 32.1 mL/g DM, MCP: 29.5 mL/g DM) and methane (FCP: 3.13 mL/g DM, MCP: 2.36 mL/g DM) compared to manure alone or faecal alone (F: 27.0 biogas mL/g DM, M: 26.6 biogas mL/g DM) (F: 1.36 methane mL/g DM, M: 1.18 methane mL/g DM). Co-digesting dairy excreta with cabbage as only vegetable substrate affected anaerobic digestion (FC: 24.8 mL/g DM, MC: 24.9 mL/g DM), since it was the lowest in biogas production compared to all treatments. The anaerobic digestion system had an effect in methane production since continuous anaerobic digestion system produced the highest methane compared to batch anaerobic digestion system in all treatments. The results obtained in this study suggest that composite of manure with both cabbage and potatoes results in the highest biogas and methane production.

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Produksi Biogas Berbahan Dasar Manure Sapi dan Campuran Cacahan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis) dengan Metode Anaerobic Digestion

Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian ◽

10.17969/jimfp.v5i2.14766 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 210-216

Author(s):

Atmadian Pratama ◽

Ramayanty Bulan ◽

Darwin Darwin

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Retention Time ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Hydraulic Retention Time ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Livestock Manure ◽

Empty Fruit Bunches

Abstrak. Pemanfaatan limbah peternakan sapi (kotoran sapi) sebagai sumber bahan bakar dalam bentuk biogas merupakan salah satu alternatif yang sangat tepat untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah bagi masyarakat petani. Pemanfaatan kotoran ternak sebagai sumber energi, tidak mengurangi jumlah pupuk organik yang bersumber dari kotoran ternak. Hal ini karena pada pembuatan biogas kotoran ternak yang sudah diproses dikembalikan ke kondisi semula yang diambil hanya gas metana (CH4) yang digunakan sebagai bahan bakar. Kotoran ternak yang sudah diproses pada pembuatan biogas dipindahkan ke tempat lebih kering, dan bila sudah kering dapat disimpan dalam karung untuk penggunaan selanjutnya sebagai pupuk organik. Tandan kosong sawit (TKS) merupakan limbah dari pabrik kelapa sawit yang pemanfaatnya masih terbatas sebagai pupuk organik yang memiliki nilai tambah yang rendah. Setiap produksi kelapa sawit menghasilkan limbah berupa tandan kosong sawit sebesar 23%, sehingga berdasarkan produksi kelapa sawit tahun 2010 dan 2011 berpotensi dihasilkan limbah tandan kosong sawit sebesar 5 juta ton. Akumulasi limbah TKS dari tahun ke tahun jika tidak dimanfaatkan secara optimal maka dapat berakibat buruk bagi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat potensi produksi biogas melalui teknologi anaerobik digesi (anaerobic digestion) kotoran sapi dan anaerobik co-digesi kotoran sapi dengan limbah TKS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada proses fermentasi dengan hydraulic retention time (HRT) 25 hari dan pemberian suhu panas yang sama terdapat hasil yang berbeda terhadap produksi biogas kotoran sapi digesi dan juga kotoran sapi co-digesi dengan tepung TKS dengan hasil produksi biogas total lebih tinggi pada fermentasi co-digesi, dimana produksi gas yang dihasilkan adalah 1.015 mL pada kotoran sapi digesi dan 13.830 mL pada kotoran sapi co-digesi. Penambahan tepung TKS meningkatkan nutrisi substrat yang dimanfaatkan mikroba untuk menghasilkan gas metan, namun tetap memperhatikan tingkat ke optimuman derajat keasaman (pH) pada angka 6,8-7,5.Production of Biogas from Cattle Manure Digestion and Co-Digestion with Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch under Digestive Anaerobic MethodAbstract. Utilization of livestock waste (manure) as biogas is one of the most appropriate alternatives to overcome the rising prices of fertilizers and fuel oil scarcity. The use of livestock manure as an energy source, does not reduce the amount of organic fertilizer that comes from livestock manure. This is because in the production of biogas manure that has been processed is returned to its original condition, only methane (CH4) is used as fuel. Livestock manure that has been processed in the making of biogas is moved to a drier place, and when it is dry it can be stored in a sack for further use as fertilizer. Oil palm empty fruit bunches (TKS) are waste from palm oil mills is still limited use as organic fertilizer and has low added value. Each palm oil production produces waste in the form of 23% oil palm empty fruit bunches, so that according to the palm production on 2010 and 2011, the potential production of this waste could reach 5 million tons. The accumulation of this waste from year to year will harm our environment. This study aims to look at the potential for biogas production from cow manure digestion and co-digestion with palm oil fruit bunch waste under the anaerobic process. Results showed that for 25 days hydraulic retention time (HRT) and the use of mesophilic temperature, the biogas production by using anaerobic co-digestion of cow manure with TKS (13,830 mL) was higher than the biogas production by using the anaerobic digestion of cow manure (1,015 mL). The addition of TKS flour had increased the nutrient of substrate used by microbes to produce methane gas, but the acidity (pH)of substrate should be controlled at 6.8-7.5.

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Pengaruh Penambahan Limbah Ampas Tahu Pada Feses Sapi Terhadap Produksi Metan, Kecernaan Bahan Organik Dan Ph The Effect Of Co-Digestion Of Dairy Cow Feces With Tofu Cake On Methan Production, Volatile Solid Reduction And Ph Value

Jurnal Pengembangan Penyuluhan Pertanian ◽

10.36626/jppp.v15i27.30 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (27) ◽

pp. 62

Author(s):

Andika Adji Prasetya ◽

Sutaryo Sutaryo ◽

Agung Purnomoadi

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cow ◽

Retention Time ◽

Hydraulic Retention Time ◽

Ph Value ◽

Volatile Solid

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan limbah ampas tahu pada feses sapi terhadap produksi metan, kecernaan bahan organik dan nilai pH. Perlakuan yang diterapkan yaitu T0 dengan bahan isian 100 % feses sapi peranakan fries holstein (PFH) ditambah air (1:1) dan T1 dengan bahan isian 95 % feses sapi PFH dan 5 % limbah ampas tahu kemudia diencerkan dalam air (1:1). Ulangan yang dilakukan adalah dengan pengambilan data sebanyak 3 kali Hydraulic retention time (HRT), dimana satu kali HRT sama dengan 25 hari. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah tidak ada pengaruh yang nyata (P>0,05) dari perlakuan yang diterapkan terhadap produksi metan, kecernaan bahan organik dan nilai pH. Tidak berpengaruhnya perlakuan penambahan ampas tahu terhadap produksi metan dikarenakan penambahan C/N hanya sebesar 1,72 dari selisih ratio T0 dengan T1. Nilai pH pada masing-masing digester berada pada kisaran nilai pH yang baik untuk pertumbuhan mikroorganisme anaerobik dalam menghasilkan biogas. Penambahan ampas tahu pada substrat biogas pada taraf 5% pada feses sapi perah diperoleh hasil produksi gas metan, kecernaan bahan organik, dan pH slurry yang tidakberbeda nyata dari kedua digester.

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