Common marmosets Callithrix jacchus (Linnaeus, 1758)  (Primates: Cebidae: Callitrichinae) in an urban mangrove:  behavioral ecology and environmental influences

The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is a primate found in urban forests and in high density of human population sites, however there is insufficient informations about its behavior in mangroves. One group of marmosets was monitored in the Espaço Ciência museum, in the state of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil, located in a mangrove area that has been deforested for years, but has a few remaining fragments. We used scan sampling and all occurrences methods for behavioral data collection, between September 2012 and February 2013. Moving was the most frequent behavior, occupying 24.4% of the behavioral repertoire and human-provided food made up 52% of their diet. The group of marmosets interacted with people, wild and domestic animals and objects introduced by humans, such as buckets and nets for collecting organic material belonging to other research projects. While the urban environment offered conditions for group establishment in the study area, the inclusion of human foods in the diet and the relation of the marmosets with various abiotic and biotic components of the landscape endanger the health and survival, and that of other animals and people involved in the interactions.

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A Novel Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) Model of Human Inhalational Q Fever

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fcimb.2020.621635 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Michelle Nelson ◽

Francisco J. Salguero ◽

Laura Hunter ◽

Timothy P. Atkins

Keyword(s):

Q Fever ◽

Common Marmoset ◽

Callithrix Jacchus ◽

Suitable Model ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Cellular Activation ◽

Common Marmosets ◽

Counter Measures ◽

The Common ◽

Dose Dependent

Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) were shown to be susceptible to inhalational infection with Coxiella burnetii, in a dose-dependent manner, producing a disease similar to human Q fever, characterized by a resolving febrile response. Illness was also associated with weight loss, liver enzyme dysfunction, characteristic cellular activation, circulating INF-γ and bacteraemia. Viable C. burnetii was recovered from various tissues during disease and from 75% of the animal’s lungs on 28 days post challenge, when there were no overt clinical features of disease but there was histological evidence of macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration into the lung resulting in granulomatous alveolitis. Taken together, these features of disease progression, physiology and bacterial spread appear to be consistent with human disease and therefore the common marmoset can be considered as a suitable model for studies on the pathogenesis or the development of medical counter measures of inhalational Q fever.

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Frugivory and potential seed dispersal by the exotic-invasive marmoset Callithrix jacchus (Primates, Callitrichidae) in an urban Atlantic Forest, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Mammalia ◽

10.1515/mammalia-2016-0075 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 82 (4) ◽

pp. 343-349 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marco Aurélio F. Silva ◽

Carlos Eduardo Verona ◽

Marilena Conde ◽

Alexandra S. Pires

Keyword(s):

Common Marmoset ◽

Callithrix Jacchus ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Sampling Effort ◽

Additional Species ◽

Seed Disperser ◽

Exotic Invasive ◽

History Of ◽

The Common

Abstract The common marmoset, originally from Northeastern Brazil, has been introduced into several Brazilian states as a result of illegal traffic. Despite the long history of introduction, few studies have described the diet of this primate in regions where it is exotic and none have evaluated its role as a seed disperser. The importance of fruits in the diet of Callithrix jacchus and its potential as a seed disperser were investigated in the Tijuca National Park (TNP, 3.593 ha), southeastern Brazil, where the species is exotic. Data were collected from September 2013 to January 2015, through focal observations. A sampling effort of 361 h of observation resulted in 60 independent feeding records. Fruits were the most often consumed item, comprising 48.3% of the observed feeding records, followed by gum (30%), invertebrates (18.3%) and lichens (3.3%). Seeds from four out of 13 species were swallowed and seeds from seven additional species were found intact in collected feces. These results show C. jacchus’ potential to act as a seed disperser for some plant species, and that should be considered for managing this primate in TNP, where other callitrichids are absent.

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The effects of cage size and complexity on the behaviour of captive common marmosets, Callithrix jacchus jacchus

Laboratory Animals ◽

10.1258/002367796780739853 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 317-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Ann M. Kitchen ◽

Angus A. Martin

Keyword(s):

Common Marmoset ◽

Callithrix Jacchus ◽

General Level ◽

Housing Conditions ◽

Common Marmosets ◽

Level Of Activity ◽

Cage Size ◽

The Common ◽

Stereotyped Behaviours ◽

Callithrix Jacchus Jacchus

Conditions of captivity of primates used in biomedical research may have deleterious effects on the welfare of the animals and consequently on the reliability of the research. We investigated the effects of cage size and cage complexity, two fundamental characteristics of captive conditions, on the behaviour of the common marmoset ( Callithrix jacchus jacchus). We found an increase in the general level of activity and significant variation in the frequencies of specific behaviours with an increase in cage size and also with cage complexity. Stereotyped behaviours, which occurred in the small cages, were never exhibited in the large cages. The effect of the novelty of the changed conditions was also assessed and found to be significant for some behaviours. We also measured the time taken to capture an animal, a task frequently performed by the animal technician, under the various cage conditions. Capture time increased significantly in the larger cages, but the overall effect of the changes to the marmosets' housing conditions on the animal technician's work was not regarded as substantial. We conclude that the welfare of captive marmosets is enhanced by the provision of larger and more complex cages, and that such cages do not significantly affect the efficiency of the research laboratory.

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The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) consultation

Companion Animal ◽

10.12968/coan.2019.24.6.329 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 329-337

Author(s):

Sarah Pellett ◽

Livia Benato

Keyword(s):

General Practice ◽

Common Marmoset ◽

Psychological Needs ◽

Callithrix Jacchus ◽

Common Marmosets ◽

Social Species ◽

Basic Care ◽

The Common

Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) can sometimes be seen in general practice and it is essential to be aware of their nutritional, environmental and medical requirements. The keeping of common marmosets as pets is not recommended; they can be aggressive and unpredictable, and many are subjected to suboptimal husbandry. They are social species with psychological needs and good welfare is often difficult to achieve. This article summarises the basic care of common marmosets, discusses the approach to veterinary care, and highlights some important diseases that the clinician may see.

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Sex ratio and mortality in a laboratory colony of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)

Laboratory Animals ◽

10.1258/002367792780745922 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 88-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Hartmut Rothe ◽

Kurt Darms ◽

Andreas Koenig

Keyword(s):

Sex Ratio ◽

Common Marmoset ◽

Callithrix Jacchus ◽

High Ratio ◽

Differential Mortality ◽

Common Marmosets ◽

Laboratory Colony ◽

Filial Generation ◽

The Common ◽

Males And Females

In a retrospective study sex ratio and mortality were analysed in a captive colony of common marmosets ( Callithrix jacchus). Seven hundred and thirty-five infants in 294 litters (20 singletons, 119 twins, 140 triplets, 14 quadruplets) out of 57 breeding females were evaluated. The sex ratio at birth was 0·95 males: 1·0 females. The frequency of males and females, as well as the sex composition of twins and triplets confirm the assumption of dizygotic twinning in the common marmoset. According to age at death, 9 categories were differentiated, with perinatal mortality being the highest. Once early infancy had passed the probability of a common marmoset infant of our colony reaching childhood is nearly 95%. Sixty per cent of all live-born infants survived beyond 18 months. Morta1ity of infants at birth from primiparous mothers did not differ from that of pluriparous females, nor did the survival rate of infants with the filial generation the respective female had reached (F1 to F6). Females with a high ratio of triplets and quadruplets had a lower reproductive success than females with a majority of singleton or twin deliveries. Differential mortality between males and females was not observed. The frequency of stillbirths was not strongly related to parity, but was to litter-size. Most stillborn babies were seen in sets of quadruplets, most abortions in singletons. A normal socialization in a stable social environment, as well as not pairing the animals before they are fully adult, are considered important factors in good breeding success and infant survival.

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GB virus B infection of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) and associated liver pathology

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/vir.0.80036-0 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 85 (9) ◽

pp. 2525-2533 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

James R. Jacob ◽

Kuei-Chin Lin ◽

Bud C. Tennant ◽

Keith G. Mansfield

Keyword(s):

Acute Hepatitis ◽

New World ◽

Antiviral Drug ◽

Common Marmoset ◽

Callithrix Jacchus ◽

Primate Species ◽

New World Primates ◽

Common Marmosets ◽

The Common ◽

Human Primate

GB virus B (GBV-B) is a flavivirus that is related closely to hepatitis C virus (HCV) and induces an acute hepatitis when inoculated into several species of New World primates. Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) are a widely available, non-endangered primate species that is susceptible to GBV-B infection and develops a characteristic acute hepatitis. Here, animals were found to be susceptible to serially passaged serum and GBV-B transcripts. Hepatic pathology and peripheral viraemia could be quantified biochemically, immunophenotypically and morphologically, and persisted for periods of up to 6 months in some animals. Hepatitis was characterized by a marked influx of CD3+ CD8+ T lymphocytes and CD20+ B cells within the first 2 months of primary infection. The results of this study document the marmoset as another small, non-human primate species in which the pathogenesis of GBV-B can be studied and used as a surrogate model of HCV infection for investigation of pathogenesis and antiviral drug development.

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