A Study on Climate Change Adaptation in Early Modern England with a Focus on the Elizabethan Act for the Relief of the Poor in 1598

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 211-250
Author(s):  
Yong-ku Cha ◽  
Ban-suk Koh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
The Poor

INTOXICANTS AND SOCIETY IN EARLY MODERN ENGLAND

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHIL WITHINGTON
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Civilizing Process ◽  
The Poor

ABSTRACTThe article considers the rapid increase in the English market for alcohol and tobacco in the 1620s and the set of concurrent influences shaping their consumption. It suggests that intoxicants were not merely a source of solace for ‘the poor’ or the lubricant of traditional community, as historians often imply. Rather, the growth in the market for beer, wine, and tobacco was driven by those affluent social groups regarded as the legitimate governors of the English commonwealth. For men of a certain disposition and means, the consumption of intoxicants became a legitimate – indeed valorized and artful – aspect of their social identity: an identity encapsulated by the Renaissance concept of ‘wit’. These new styles of drinking were also implicated in the proliferation (in theory and practice) of ‘societies’ and ‘companies’, by which contemporaries meant voluntary and purposeful association. These arguments are made by unpacking the economic, social, and cultural contexts informing the humorous dialogue Wine, beere, ale and tobacco. Contending for superiority. What follows demonstrates that the ostensibly frivolous subject of male drinking casts new light on the nature of early modern social change, in particular the nature of the ‘civilizing process’.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF POOR RELIEF IN LANCASHIRE, c. 1598–1680

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONATHAN HEALEY
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
State Formation ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
Poor Relief ◽  
Poor Law ◽  
The Poor

ABSTRACTThe development of the poor law has formed a key element of recent discussions of ‘state formation’ in early modern England. There are, however, still few local studies of how formal poor relief, stipulated in the great Tudor statutes, was implemented on the ground. This article offers such a study, focusing on Lancashire, an economically marginal county, far from Westminster. It argues that the poor law developed in Lancashire surprisingly quickly in the early seventeenth century, despite the fact that there is almost no evidence of implementation of statutory relief before 1598, and formal relief mechanisms were essentially in place before the Civil War even if the numbers on relief remained small. After a brief hiatus during the conflict, the poor law was quickly revived in the 1650s. The role of the magistracy is emphasized as a crucial driving force, not just in the enforcement of the statutes, but also in setting relief policy. The thousands of petitions to JPs by paupers, parishes, and townships that survive in the county archives suggests that magistrates were crucial players in the ‘politics of the parish’.

Out of the frying pan into the fire? Urban penalty of the poor and multiple barriers to climate change adaptation in Cambodia and Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Ato Armah ◽  
Mengieng Ung ◽  
Sheila A. Boamah ◽  
Isaac Luginaah ◽  
Gwyn Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
The Poor

scholarly journals GENDER DIMENSION OF POVERTY AND ITS RELATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION

TEME ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Ilić Krstić ◽  
Snežana Živković ◽  
Slobodan Milutinović
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Contribution ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
The Poor ◽  
World Bank Report ◽  
The Impact

The latest World Bank report for 2016 on the impact of climate change on poverty states that climate change could lead to a growth of extremely poor population to the extent that 100 million people might be pushed into poverty by 2030. The report emphasizes that climate change can have different impacts, in particular negative ones, on the poor, who are unprepared for climate shock waves, such as sea level rise or large-scale droughts. The poor possess fewer resources and receive less support from their families or through local communities, the financial system, and even through social security measures, which is why they do not have sufficient capacity to adapt to climate change. Specific population groups, such as women and children, are particularly vulnerable.Omly few theoreticians have dealt with the question of how to help poor countries and poor communities in certain countries to face climate change, while focusing specially on the gender dimension of poverty.The World Bank report also states that efforts to protect the poor should include better access to healthcare and social security measures, improved protection against floods, and development of crops that are more resilient to high temperatures, all for the purpose of preventing the worst possible impacts of climate change on the poor. However, it needs to be stressed that any adaptation to climate change has to incorporate the gender dimension of poverty.Therefore, this paper will provide only a small contribution to the analysis of the issues pertaining to the gender dimension of poverty and its relation to climate change adaptation.

Changing Patterns of Poor Relief in Some English Rural Parishes Circa 1650–1750

Rural History ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOAN KENT ◽  
STEVE KING
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Poor Relief ◽  
Poor Law ◽  
Court Records ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Rural Parishes ◽  
Changing Patterns

This article uses court records, overseers' accounts, pauper examinations and other records from several counties, including Huntingdonshire and Staffordshire, to look at the experiences of poor relief in early modern England. It shows the varied circumstances under which the poor ‘encountered’ the poor law in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, highlighting the often contradictory attitudes that poor people encountered. More than this, it argues that there were many sorts of ‘poor’ people with very different capacities to negotiate about relief and to help themselves and each other. These features compounded enduring regional differences in the nature and extent of relief to generate a complex patchwork of experiences for the poor in early modern England.

Law, Status, and the Lash: Judicial Whipping in Early Modern England

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
K. J. Kesselring
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Expanded Group ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Law ◽  
Star Chamber

Abstract This article focuses on the contested development of judicial whipping as a marker and maker of status in the particular social, cultural, and political context of England in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. In these years people disputed with special vigor who could be whipped and why, often in battles fought in and around parliaments and the Court of Star Chamber, and often invoking fears of “servility.” Tracing the rise and spread of judicial whipping, its linking with the poor, and disputes over its use, this article demonstrates how whipping served as a distinctively and explicitly status-based disciplinary tool, embedding hierarchical values in the law not just in practice but also in prescript. Some authorities thought the whip appropriate only for the “servile” and, indeed, both valuable and dangerous for its ability to inculcate a “slavish disposition.” After men of the gentry successfully asserted their freedom from the lash, so too did a somewhat expanded group of “free” and “sufficient” men. By the later seventeenth century, challenges over the uses of judicial whipping left it limited ever more firmly to people of low status, affixed by law to offenses typically associated with the insubordinate poor.

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