The analysis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission using an epidemic model

In this article, we propose an epidemic problem of hepatitis B with vaccination. So to do this, first we presents the model formulation and prove that the solutions are bounded and positive. We obtain the disease free equilibrium and calculate the basic reproduction number (R0). The reproductive number will be used to find the endemic state of the model. We discuss the qualitative analysis of the proposed problem and show that whenever, R0 < 1 then the disease free equilibrium is stable locally and globally. Moreover, whenever, R0 > 1, then the endemic state is asymptotically stable. We derive sufficient conditions for both the equilibria and its stabilities. Further more numerical simulation are carried out to illustrate the feasibility of the obtained results and verified that with actual data, we are in the position to put down the hepatitis B infection form the community. We also highlight the role of epidemic parameters in the disease propagation. Our numerical works verified the analytical results. Finally some important conclusion are given at the end of the article.

Download Full-text

Role of environmental factors in the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma

Orvosi Hetilap ◽

10.1556/oh.2010.28913 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 151 (28) ◽

pp. 1132-1136 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

István Tornai

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Hepatitis A ◽

Virus Hepatitis ◽

B Virus

A krónikus vírushepatitisek jelentik ma a legismertebb okokat a hepatocellularis carcinoma (HCC) kialakulásában. A krónikus B- és C-vírus-hepatitis a májrákok körülbelül 40-50%-át okozza. A nyugati típusú társadalmakban a HCC előfordulása folyamatosan növekvő tendenciát mutat. Az alkohol számít a környezeti tényezők közül a legfontosabbnak, bár az alkoholfogyasztás a legtöbb országban csökken. Ez aláhúzza az egyéb környezeti tényezők fontosságát is. Az elfogyasztott alkoholmennyiséggel egyenes arányban növekszik a cirrhosis és a következményes HCC gyakorisága nőkben és férfiakban egyaránt. A kémiai anyagok közül a legismertebb a Kínában és Afrikában elterjedt aflatoxin, amely a gabonaféléket szennyező mycotoxin. Hasonló területeken endémiás, mint a hepatitis B-vírus, együtt szinergista hatást fejtenek ki. A dohányzás is egyértelműen bizonyított hepatocarcinogen hatással rendelkezik. Ez is jelentősen fokozódik, ha alkoholfogyasztással vagy vírushepatitisszel társul. Társadalmilag talán a legfontosabb az elhízás, a következményes nem alkoholos zsírmáj, illetve steatohepatitis és a 2-es típusú cukorbetegség, amelyek prevalenciája egyre fokozódik. Feltehetően ezek állnak a növekvő HCC-gyakoriság hátterében. Az inzulinrezisztencia és az oxidatív stressz képezik a legfontosabb patogenetikai lépéseket a májsejtkárosodásban. További fontos rizikótényező az orális fogamzásgátlók elterjedt használata. Egyes foglalkozások esetén a tartós szervesoldószer-expozíció is növeli a HCC rizikóját. Védelmet jelenthetnek az antioxidánsok, a szelén, a gyógyszerek közül a statinok és a feketekávé-fogyasztás.

Download Full-text

Role of hepatitis B virus integration in evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma

Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1008.2014.01299 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (12) ◽

pp. 1299

Author(s):

Xiao-wei JI ◽

Jia-xin NIU ◽

Xi CHEN ◽

Guang-wen CAO

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

B Virus ◽

Virus Integration

Download Full-text

Possible role of tocopherols in the modulation of host microRNA with potential antiviral activity in patients with hepatitis B virus-related persistent infection: a systematic review

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114514002839 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 112 (11) ◽

pp. 1751-1768 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

S. Fiorino ◽

L. Bacchi-Reggiani ◽

S. Sabbatani ◽

F. Grizzi ◽

L. di Tommaso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Antiviral Activity ◽

Hbv Infection ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Viral Pathogen ◽

Increased Risk ◽

B Virus ◽

Chronic Hbv

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection represents a serious global health problem and persistent HBV infection is associated with an increased risk of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure. Recently, the study of the role of microRNA (miRNA) in the pathogenesis of HBV has gained considerable interest as well as new treatments against this pathogen have been approved. A few studies have investigated the antiviral activity of vitamin E (VE) in chronic HBV carriers. Herein, we review the possible role of tocopherols in the modulation of host miRNA with potential anti-HBV activity. A systematic research of the scientific literature was performed by searching the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and EMBASE databases. The keywords used were ‘HBV therapy’, ‘HBV treatment’, ‘VE antiviral effects’, ‘tocopherol antiviral activity’, ‘miRNA antiviral activity’ and ‘VE microRNA’. Reports describing the role of miRNA in the regulation of HBV life cycle,in vitroandin vivoavailable studies reporting the effects of VE on miRNA expression profiles and epigenetic networks, and clinical trials reporting the use of VE in patients with HBV-related chronic hepatitis were identified and examined. Based on the clinical results obtained in VE-treated chronic HBV carriers, we provide a reliable hypothesis for the possible role of this vitamin in the modulation of host miRNA profiles perturbed by this viral pathogen and in the regulation of some cellular miRNA with a suggested potential anti-HBV activity. This approach may contribute to the improvement of our understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms involved in HBV infection and increase the possibility of its management and treatment.

Download Full-text

The role of prophylactic antibiotics in hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure patients at risk of bacterial infection: a retrospective study

Infectious Diseases of Poverty ◽

10.1186/s40249-021-00830-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiao-Qin Liu ◽

Xue-Yun Zhang ◽

Yue Ying ◽

Jian-Ming Zheng ◽

Jian Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽

Third Generation ◽

Chronic Liver Failure ◽

Free Survival ◽

B Virus ◽

Third Generation Cephalosporins

Abstract Background Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is characterized by an excessive systemic inflammatory response and organ failure and has high mortality. Bacterial infections (BIs) worsen the clinical course of ACLF and carry a poor prognosis in ACLF patients. The efficacy of third-generation cephalosporins has been challenged in recent years. The aim of this study was to characterize the difference between ACLF patients with and without BIs and to provide a reference for medical intervention. Methods A total of 140 patients with hepatitis B virus-related ACLF (HBV-ACLF) hospitalized at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University (Shanghai, China) between May 2013 and January 2020 were enrolled. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the baseline characteristics of HBV-ACLF patients with and without BIs. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to find predictors of BIs. The characteristics of BIs and the role of prophylactic antibiotics were profiled. Results A total of 97 episodes of BIs occurred in patients during the course of HBV-ACLF. Patients with and without BIs differed in clinical characteristics. The incidence of BIs showed a positive correlation with the ACLF grade (P = 0.003) and the clinical course (P = 0.003). The 90-day transplant-free survival of patients with BIs was lower than those without BIs (P < 0.0001). Patients administered prophylactic antibiotics showed a lower incidence of BIs and had a higher transplant-free survival probability than those who did not (P = 0.046). No statistical differences in antibiotic efficacy between third-generation and other antibiotics were observed (P = 0.108). Conclusions BIs affected the clinical course and prognosis of patients with HBV-ACLF. Prophylactic antibiotics were of potential clinical importance in the prevention of BIs and improving the clinical course and prognosis in HBV-ACLF patients. Third-generation cephalosporins were qualified for use in antibiotic prophylaxis.

Download Full-text