scholarly journals Design and Simulation of an 8-Lead Electrical Capacitance Tomographic System for Flow Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 7430-7435
Author(s):  
S. M. A. Ghaly ◽  
K. A. Al-Snaie ◽  
M. O. Khan ◽  
M. Y. Shalaby ◽  
M. T. Oraiqat
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Electrical Capacitance ◽  
Sensor Model ◽  
Metal Plates ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Capacitance Tomography ◽  
Oil Gas

Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) is a method for determining the dielectric permittivity distribution inside an object from measurements of external capacitance. The technique differs from conventional tomographic methods in which high-resolution images are formed from slices of the material. The measuring electrodes, which are metal plates, must be large enough to give a measurable change in capacitance. The main objective of this paper is the implementation and simulation of 8 external electrode ECT systems in order to increase the quality of reconstructed permittivity images while preserving the simplicity of design and fulfilling the demand for real-time process tomography. A complete sensor model was developed to improve the accuracy of the forward validation, especially the validation of measured data from neighboring electrodes. A prototype ECT sensor with high sensitivity was designed that can be applied to all materials which have low electrical conductivity. The capacitance between different electrode pairs is calculated for some typical permittivity distributions based on LabVIEW and MATLAB. The obtained capacitance data can be used to reconstruct images. The sensitivity distributions for the ECT sensors with different numbers of electrodes were analyzed. Preliminary tests were performed and the developed prototype showed good performance. The developed concept contributes to the study and comprehension of the ECT systems that can be used for the monitoring of oil-gas flow.

Image Fusion of ECT/ERT for Oil-Gas-Water Three-Phase Flow

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Image Fusion ◽  
Electrical Capacitance Tomography ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Electrical Capacitance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Three Phase Flow ◽  
Capacitance Tomography ◽  
Oil Gas ◽  
Image Fusion Method

The tomographic imaging of process parameters for oil-gas-water three-phase flow can be obtained through different sensing modalities, such as electrical resistance tomography (ERT) and electrical capacitance tomography (ECT), both of which are sensitive to specific properties of the objects to be imaged. However, it is hard to discriminate oil, gas and water phases merely from reconstructed images of ERT or ECT. In this paper, the feasibility of image fusion based on ERT and ECT reconstructed images was investigated for oil-gas-water three-phase flow. Two cases were discussed and pixel-based image fusion method was presented. Simulation results showed that the cross-sectional reconstruction images of oil-gas-water three-phase flow can be obtained using the presented methods.

scholarly journals Application of Electrical Capacitance Tomography for Imaging Conductive Materials in Industrial Processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael Deabes ◽  
Alaa Sheta ◽  
Kheir Eddine Bouazza ◽  
Mohamed Abdelrahman
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Electrical Capacitance Tomography ◽  
Electrical Capacitance ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithms ◽  
Field Problem ◽  
Conductive Materials ◽  
Image Reconstruction Algorithms ◽  
Capacitance Tomography ◽  
Lost Foam

This paper presents highly robust, novel approaches to solving the forward and inverse problems of an Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) system for imaging conductive materials. ECT is one of the standard tomography techniques for industrial imaging. An ECT technique is nonintrusive and rapid and requires a low burden cost. However, the ECT system still suffers from a soft-field problem which adversely affects the quality of the reconstructed images. Although many image reconstruction algorithms have been developed, still the generated images are inaccurate and poor. In this work, the Capacitance Artificial Neural Network (CANN) system is presented as a solver for the forward problem to calculate the estimated capacitance measurements. Moreover, the Metal Filled Fuzzy System (MFFS) is proposed as a solver for the inverse problem to construct the metal images. To assess the proposed approaches, we conducted extensive experiments on image metal distributions in the lost foam casting (LFC) process to light the reliability of the system and its efficiency. The experimental results showed that the system is sensible and superior.

Non-Intrusive Measurement of Volume and Mass Using Electrical Capacitance Tomography

Volume 3 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Hunt ◽  
John Pendleton ◽  
Malcolm Byars
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Mass Measurement ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Electrical Capacitance Tomography ◽  
Electrical Capacitance ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Capacitance Tomography ◽  
Individual Particles ◽  
Individual Mass

Electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) has been used for some years to measure the concentration distribution within multiphase flows and processes. ECT is a relatively low resolution measurement, but it has many advantages, including being non-intrusive and fast. Recent developments of twin-plane systems have enabled measurements to be made of velocity as well as concentration. We have developed techniques to establish from these measurements the volume, mass and velocity of flow structures in two-component flows, and in particular the mass and velocity of large individual particles and groups of particles in solids/gas flow systems. Results are presented in the paper for simple gravity-drop flows of partly-filled plastic spheres, plastic beads, and also for the conveying of granular material in a pilot plant. We show that resolution of mass to within a few grams is possible on objects of individual mass of between 2g and 35g. We also show measurements of flow structure volumes in vertical solids conveying pipes of approximately 50mm diameter. General comparisons are made with high-speed video photography of some of the flows, and the in the case of gravity-drop flows the accuracy of the mass measurement is established using weighing.

scholarly journals A Finite Volume Method using a Quadtree Non-Uniform Structured Mesh for Modeling in Electrical Capacitance Tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damian Wanta ◽  
Waldemar Tomasz Smolik ◽  
Jacek Kryszyn ◽  
Przemysław Wróblewski ◽  
Mateusz Midura
Keyword(s):  
Finite Volume Method ◽  
Finite Volume ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Mesh Refinement ◽  
Electrical Capacitance Tomography ◽  
Electrical Capacitance ◽  
Assess Quality ◽  
Volume Method ◽  
Capacitance Tomography

AbstractAn electric field solver based on a finite volume method using refined structural mesh is proposed to implement a quadtree structure and estimate the electric flux in the mesh cell. Numerical experiments were carried out using uniform and non-uniform meshes to assess quality of numerical modeling. The proposed method of verification of the quality of numerical calculations based on circular symmetry of the electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) probe allows to assess the effectiveness of mesh refinement and to reduce the number of mesh elements. Experiments showed that even a moderate level of mesh refinement is sufficient to significantly reduce the simulation error that occurs in modeling of cylindrical probes. The reduced number of mesh elements and applied implementation of the quadtree ensures high speed of forward problem calculations.

scholarly journals Multiphase permittivity imaging using absolute value electrical capacitance tomography data and a level set algorithm

2016 ◽  
Vol 374 (2070) ◽  
pp. 20150332 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Al Hosani ◽  
M. Soleimani
Keyword(s):  
Level Set ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Electrical Capacitance Tomography ◽  
Electrical Capacitance ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
Capacitance Tomography

Multiphase flow imaging is a very challenging and critical topic in industrial process tomography. In this article, simulation and experimental results of reconstructing the permittivity profile of multiphase material from data collected in electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) are presented. A multiphase narrowband level set algorithm is developed to reconstruct the interfaces between three- or four-phase permittivity values. The level set algorithm is capable of imaging multiphase permittivity by using one set of ECT measurement data, so-called absolute value ECT reconstruction, and this is tested with high-contrast and low-contrast multiphase data. Simulation and experimental results showed the superiority of this algorithm over classical pixel-based image reconstruction methods. The multiphase level set algorithm and absolute ECT reconstruction are presented for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, in this paper and critically evaluated. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Supersensing through industrial process tomography’.

High-Pressure Gas-Oil Two-Phase Flow Visualisation Using Electrical Capacitance Tomography

Volume 1 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Gamio ◽  
Juan Castro ◽  
Fabian Garcia-Nocetti ◽  
Luis Aguilar ◽  
Leonardo Rivera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Flow Visualisation ◽  
Electrical Capacitance Tomography ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Electrical Capacitance ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Test Loop ◽  
Capacitance Tomography

Electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) was used to image various two-phase gas-oil flows in a 3-inch pressurized test loop. ECT is a novel non-invasive technique for imaging mixtures of electrically non-conducting substances. One of its most promising applications is the visualization of gas-oil flows. This work presents a series imaging experiments using a pressure-resistant ECT sensor. Varying the oil and gas flow rates, different flow regimes were established in the test loop. ECT images were obtained for each case and compared with (a) the flow observed through a transparent section in the loop and (b) the prediction of the Taitel-Duckler flow map. The results confirm the suitability of ECT for imaging gas-oil flows.

scholarly journals Experimental Comparison Between Wire Mesh and Electrical Capacitance Tomography Sensors to Predict a Two-Phase Flow Behaviour and Patterns in Inclined Pipe

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Ali I. Hameed ◽  
Lokman A. Abdulkareem ◽  
Raid A. Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Flow Behaviour ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Electrical Capacitance Tomography ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Electrical Capacitance ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Inclined Pipe ◽  
Capacitance Tomography ◽  
Oil Gas

Two-phase flow behaviour and its flow patterns have a significant effect in many applications in industry. Oil-gas is one of the two-phase flow types that have many applications in petroleum and power stations. An oil-gas two-phase flow behaviour and flow patterns have been investigated in an inclined pipe using two different tomography sensors: Wire Mesh sensor (WMS) and Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT). A special experimental facility was designed and built to operate the tow-phase flow application in the inclined pipe with the various angle of inclination. A set of experimental data were collected using operating conditions which covered a two-phase flow range of superficial velocity of gas (Usl) from 0.05 to 0.52 m/s and superficial velocity of liquid (Usg) from 0.05 to 4.7 m/s at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. Three inclined angles to change the pipe’s inclination 45, 60, and 80-degree were applied in the experiments. The Comparison between the Wire Mesh Sensor (WMS) and Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) was completed experimentally. The results revealed that there is a good agreement between the two sensors, however; the WMS had a higher frequency which was calculated 1000 frames per second compared with the ECT which worked at 200 frames per second.

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