Immediate effect of a motor control exercise target to the neck muscles on upper cervical range of motion and motor control in patients with temporomandibular disorder

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether a single specific motor control training session for the neck flexor and deep extensor muscles improves upper cervical range of motion and neck motor control in patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and compare them to a group without TMD. MethodsThis is a before and after, controlled study. The TMD group included women aged between 18-45 years old, complaining of pain in the orofacial region in the last 6 months and diagnosed with masticatory myofascial pain according to Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC/MD). The control group included match-controls without TMD. The participants were evaluated to global and upper (Flexion Rotation Test - FRT) neck range of motion (ROM) and to neck motor control (Cranio-Cervical Flexion Test - CCFT). They were treated with a protocol of specific motor control exercises targeted to flexor and extensor neck muscles for 30 minutes. One day after the protocol the patients were reevaluated. ResultsA total of 23 volunteers were evaluated. The TMD group showed immediate improvement in left cervical rotation (p=0.043) and right FRT (p=0.036), while the control group did not show any improvement. There was no difference between the groups before and after treatment in relation to cervical movements. Regarding cervical motor control in both groups, the highest prevalence was of results between 24 and 26 mmHg after treatment, different from before the intervention (20 and 22 mmHg) in both groups.ConclusionA single session of specific neck motor control training only improved the left cervical rotation and upper right rotation in the TMD group, but not in the control group. There is no difference at the end of treatment between the groups. Volunteers with TMD showed improvement in the pattern of motor control of the neck when compared to volunteers without TMD.

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Between-week reliability of the cervical range of motion (CROM) device for upper cervical rotation

Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy ◽

10.1080/10669817.2020.1805691 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mark Gugliotti ◽

Jessica Tau ◽

Kelly Gallo ◽

Natalina Sagliocca ◽

Michael Horan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Cervical Range Of Motion ◽

Upper Cervical ◽

Cervical Rotation

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Controlled Study of the Impact of a Virtual Program to Reduce Stigma Among University Students Toward People With Mental Disorders

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.632252 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Matías E. Rodríguez-Rivas ◽

Adolfo J. Cangas ◽

Daniela Fuentes-Olavarría

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

University Students ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Project Based Learning ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Global Score ◽

Stigma Reduction ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact

Stigma toward mental disorders is one of today's most pressing global issues. The Covid-19 pandemic has exacerbated the barriers to social inclusion faced by individuals with mental disorders. Concurrently, stigma reduction interventions, especially those aimed at university students, have been more difficult to implement given social distancing and campus closures. As a result, alternative delivery for programs contributing to stigma reduction is required, such as online implementation. This paper reports the results of a controlled study focused on an online multi-component program on reducing stigma toward mental illness that included project-based learning, clinical simulations with standardized patients and E-Contact with real patients. A total of 40 undergraduate students from the Universidad del Desarrollo in Santiago, Chile, participated in the study. They were randomly divided between an intervention and control group. The intervention group participated in the online multi-component program, while the control group participated in an online educational program on cardiovascular health. We assessed the impact of the program by using the validated Spanish-language versions of the Attribution Questionnaire AQ-27 and the Questionnaire on Student Attitudes toward Schizophrenia with both groups, before and after the intervention. In addition, an ad hoc Likert scale ranging from 0 to 5 was used with the intervention group in order to assess the learning strategies implemented. Following the intervention, the participants belonging to the intervention group displayed significantly lower levels of stereotypes, perception of dangerousness, and global score toward people with schizophrenia (p < 0.001). In addition, participants presented lower levels of dangerousness-fear, avoidance, coercion, lack of solidarity, and global score (p < 0.001). The control group displayed no statistically significant differences in the level of stigma before and after the evaluation, for all of the items assessed. Finally, the overall assessment of each of the components of the program was highly positive. In conclusion, the study shows that online programs can contribute to reducing stigma toward mental disorders. The program assessed in this study had a positive impact on all the dimensions of stigma and all of the components of the program itself were positively evaluated by the participants.

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Progressive Shoulder Abduction Loading is a Crucial Element of Arm Rehabilitation in Chronic Stroke

Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair ◽

10.1177/1545968309332927 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 23 (8) ◽

pp. 862-869 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

Michael D. Ellis ◽

Theresa Sukal-Moulton ◽

Julius P. A. Dewald

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Shoulder Abduction ◽

Crucial Element ◽

Change Scores ◽

Arm Rehabilitation ◽

Work Area ◽

Supported Work ◽

Experimental Group

Background. Total reaching range of motion (work area) diminishes as a function of shoulder abduction loading in the paretic arm in individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke. This occurs when reaching outward against gravity or during transport of an object. Objectives. This study implements 2 closely related impairment-based interventions to identify the effect of a subcomponent of reaching exercise thought to be a crucial element in arm rehabilitation. Methods. A total of 14 individuals with chronic moderate to severe hemiparesis participated in the participant-blinded, randomized controlled study. The experimental group progressively trained for 8 weeks to actively support the weight of the arm, up to and beyond, while reaching to various outward targets. The control group practiced the same reaching tasks with matched frequency and duration with the weight of the arm supported. Work area and isometric strength were measured before and after the intervention. Results. Change scores for work area at 9 loads were calculated for each group. Change scores were significantly larger for the experimental group indicating a larger increase in work area, especially shoulder abduction loads equivalent to those experienced during object transport. Changes in strength were not found within or between groups. Conclusions. Progressive shoulder abduction loading can be utilized to ameliorate reaching range of motion against gravity. Future work should investigate the dosage response of this intervention, as well as test whether shoulder abduction loading can augment other therapeutic techniques such as goal-directed functional task practice and behavioral shaping to enhance real-world arm function.

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Changes In Serum Leptin And Nesfatin-1 Levels Measured Before And After Acupuncture In Overweight/obese Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research ◽

10.3727/036012921x16321477053953 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tevhid Aydin ◽

Ruhusen Kutlu ◽

Hayriye Alp ◽

Ibrahim Kilinc

Keyword(s):

Acupuncture Group ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Auricular Acupuncture ◽

Control Group ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Health Crisis ◽

Serum Leptin ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Control Serum ◽

Before And After

Obesity has become a global epidemic and public health crisis in our country as well as all over the world.We aimed to investigate the changes in serum leptin and nesfatin-1 levels measured before and after acupuncture in overweight/obese patients. This randomized controlled study was carried out on 90 overweight/obese patients. Participants were divided into three groups: Group 1 (Acupuncture), Group 2 (Diet), and Group 3 (Control). Serum leptin and nesfatin-1 levels were measured before and after the intervention. The 30 days leptin values were significantly decreased in the acupuncture group (p=0.040) while they were significantly increased in the control group (p=0.039). It was detected that the nesfatin-1 values were significantly increased in both acupuncture (p=0.032) and diet groups (p=0.017). Also, body weights significantly decreased both in acupuncture (p=0.032) and diet groups (p<0.001). In the present study, auricular acupuncture was found to be more effective than body acupuncture in reducing body weight. Our results support the effects of acupuncture treatment on appetite hormones. Further research on the mechanisms of endogenous and exogenous actions of the recently discovered hormones leptin and nesfatin-1 isneeded.

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Effects of Electroacupuncture on Stress-Related Symptoms in Medical Students: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Study

Acupuncture in Medicine ◽

10.1136/acupmed-2013-010408 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 4-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Marcio Dias ◽

Guillermo Coca Vellarde ◽

Beni Olej ◽

Ana Emília Teófilo Salgado ◽

Ighor de Barros Rezende

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Student Survey ◽

Before And After ◽

Mental Symptoms ◽

Continuous Frequency

Objective To assess the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on relieving stress-related symptoms—sleep disorders, anxiety, depression and burnout—in medical students. Methods Eighty-two students were randomised into an EA treatment group (n=30), a sham TENS group (n=18) and an untreated control group (n=34). EA was applied at a continuous frequency of 2 Hz to the limbs, face, ears and scalp for 20 min once a week, over 6–8 weeks. Sham transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) was performed on similar sites for the same number of times in each session and for the same length of time. Outcome measurements included a comparison of the indices obtained by different self-applied questionnaires before and after treatment. The surveys used were the Mini-Sleep Questionnaire (MSQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories (BDI and BAI) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory—Student Survey (MBI-SS), in addition to the Quality of Life Questionnaire—abbreviated version (WHOQOL-bref). Results EA significantly improved scores on the MSQ, PSQI, BDI and the cynicism and academic efficacy (AE) dimensions of the MBI-SS in relation to the control. Sleep quality (MSQ) improved from 36.9 (SD 7.6) to 25.0 (5.7) with EA, 37.6 (6.0) to 32.1 (6.9) with sham TENS, and 36.5 (5.9) to 33.6 (6.7) in the controls (p=0.0000). Compared with the sham TENS group, EA significantly reduced scores on the PSQI. Score improvements in the sham TENS group in relation to control group were significant in the MSQ, BDI and AE. In the EA group, the number of students with better scores after intervention was significantly higher for the MSQ, PSQI, ESS and BAI. This only occurred for the MSQ in the sham TENS group and for the MSQ and ESS in the control group. Conclusions EA significantly reduced stress-related mental symptoms. The improvement obtained by sham TENS compared with the control group confirmed the presence of a placebo effect resulting from the treatment ritual.

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Impact of Enhanced Recovery Program after Surgery in Patients Undergoing Pancreatectomy on Postoperative Outcomes: A Controlled before and after Study

Digestive Surgery ◽

10.1159/000496510 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 47-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Julie Perinel ◽

Antoine Duclos ◽

Cecile Payet ◽

Yves Bouffard ◽

Jean Christophe Lifante ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enhanced Recovery ◽

Compliance Rate ◽

Postoperative Outcomes ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Difference In Differences ◽

Control Hospital ◽

Before And After ◽

Implementation Period ◽

The Impact

Background: Implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program after pancreatic surgery was associated with decreased length of stay (LOS). However, there were only retrospective uncontrolled before-after study, and care protocols were heterogeneous. We aimed to evaluate the impact of ERAS program on postoperative outcomes after pancreatectomy through a prospective controlled study. Methods: A before/after study with a contemporary control group was undertaken in patients undergoing pancreatectomy. We compared 2 groups: the intervention hospital that implemented ERAS program and the control hospital that performed traditional care; and 2 periods: the preimplementation and the post-implementation period. A difference-in-differences approach was used to evaluate whether implementation of ERAS program was associated with improved LOS and postoperative morbidity. Results: About 97 and 75 patients were included in intervention and control hospital. In multivariate analysis, implementation of ERAS was associated with a significantly shorten LOS (hazard ratio 1.61; 95% CI 1.07–2.44) and higher compliance rate (OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.18–1.53). Difference-in-differences analysis revealed that LOS, morbidity, and readmission did not differ after ERAS implementation. Conclusion: Implementation of ERAS program was safe and effective after pancreatectomy with high compliance rate. LOS was significantly reduced without compromising morbidity

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Analysis and comparison of pain pressure threshold and active cervical range of motion after superficial and deep dry needling techniques of the upper trapezius muscle

Acupuncture in Medicine ◽

10.1177/09645284211039523 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 096452842110395

Author(s):

Sergio Montero Navarro ◽

Sonia del Rio Medina ◽

José Martín Botella Rico ◽

María Isabel Rocha Ortiz ◽

María Teresa Pérez Gracia

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽

Contralateral Side ◽

Control Group ◽

Dry Needling ◽

Cervical Range Of Motion ◽

Upper Trapezius ◽

Pressure Threshold ◽

Pain Pressure Threshold ◽

Asymptomatic Volunteers

Objectives: To evaluate the changes in pain pressure threshold (PPT) and active cervical range of motion (ACROM) after the application of superficial dry needling (DN) or deep DN in myofascial trigger point (MTrP) 1 of the upper trapezius versus a simulated DN technique in the gastrocnemius muscle (control group). Design: Double-blind, randomized controlled trial with 7-day follow-up. Participants: Asymptomatic volunteers (n = 180; 76 men, 104 women) with a latent MTrP 1 in the upper trapezius were randomly divided into three groups: G1, receiving superficial DN in the upper trapezius; G2, receiving deep DN in the upper trapezius; and G3, control group, receiving simulated DN technique in the gastrocnemius muscle. Main outcome measures: While sitting in a chair, each subject underwent measurements of PPT and ACROM (ipsilateral and contralateral side flexion and rotation, flexion and extension) preintervention, (immediately) postintervention, and at 24 h, 72 h and 7 days. Results: Superficial and deep DN produced an increase in PPT at 7 days with respect to preintervention levels. Furthermore, superficial and deep DN produced a decrease in cervical flexion at 24 h and an increase in ipsilateral rotation until 72 h, increasing to 7 days in the case of deep DN. On the contrary, superficial DN produced an increase in ipsilateral and contralateral side flexion after intervention, unlike deep DN that produced a decrease at 24 h. Furthermore, superficial DN produced an increase in contralateral rotation at 24 h and deep DN decreased extension at 72 h. Conclusion: A single intervention of superficial or deep DN did not produce statistically significant changes in PPT or goniometry measurements. Trial registration number: NCT03719352 ( ClinicalTrials.gov )

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Comparison between 4 weeks passive static stretching and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation programmes on neuromuscular properties of hamstring muscles: a randomised clinical trial

International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation ◽

10.12968/ijtr.2018.0104 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Anelize Cini ◽

Gabriela Souza de Vasconcelos ◽

Milena Caumo Soligo ◽

Cassiele Felappi ◽

Rodrigo Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Randomised Clinical Trial ◽

Control Group ◽

Static Stretching ◽

Hamstring Muscles ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Group A ◽

Hip Flexion

Background/aims Studies have shown the efficacy of stretching to increase the hip flexion range of motion but studies regarding its effects are not unanimous about the most efficient technique. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two stretching techniques on the neuromuscular properties of the hamstring muscles. Methods A total of 18 women (aged 24 ± 2.52 years old) participated, and were divided into three groups: a control group, a passive static stretching group and a propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching group. Evaluations of variables of the hamstring muscles were performed before and after the training period. The intervention was carried out for 30 seconds, three times a week for a total of 4 weeks. Results A significant difference was found in the range of motion in the passive static stretching group (pre=80.8° [±11.0] and post=94.5° [±10.2]; t(5)=−3.755; P=0.013) and in concentric torque (passive static stretching group – pre=66.3 Nm [±12.9] and post=70.0 Nm [±8.1]; t(5)=−1.267; P=0.023; propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching group – pre=79.1 Nm [±12.7] and post=83.5 Nm [±11.6]; t(5)=−1.917; P=0.014; control group – pre=71.1 Nm [±10.1] and post=74.1 Nm [±14.6]; t(5)=−1.275; P=0.003). Conclusions Passive static stretching was superior to propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation when comparing the increase range of motion in hip flexion, even without neural and structural changes in hamstring muscles after a 4-week period.

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Effects of Long-Term Use of Insoles with a Toe-Grip Bar on the Balance, Walking, and Running of Preschool Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/1940954 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Hideki Nakano ◽

Shin Murata ◽

Teppei Abiko ◽

Nozomi Mitsumaru ◽

Atsuko Kubo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Step Length ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Before And After ◽

Length Step

This randomized controlled study is aimed at investigating the effects of long-term use of insoles with a toe-grip bar on the balance, walking, and running of preschool children. Fifty-two preschool children were randomly assigned to an intervention group or control group. Children included in the intervention group wore shoes with insoles that had a toe-grip bar, and those in the control group wore shoes with regular insoles without a toe-grip bar for 4 weeks while they were at school. The center of gravity sway (total trajectory length and envelope area), walking parameters (walking speed, cadence, stride length, step length, stance time, and swing time), and time to run 25 m were measured before and after the intervention. The 25 m running time of the intervention group was significantly improved after the intervention (F=5.66; p<0.05). This study suggests that insoles with a toe-grip bar may contribute to improvements in the running of preschool children.

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