Influence of Different Etching Modes on Bond Strength to Enamel using Universal Adhesive Systems

ABSTRACT Introduction The adhesive systems and the techniques currently used are designed to provide a more effective adhesion with reduction of the protocol application. The objective of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of universal adhesive systems on enamel in different etching modes (self-etch and total etch). Materials and methods The mesial and distal halves of 52 bovine incisors, healthy, freshly extracted, were used and divided into seven experimental groups (n = 13). The enamel was treated in accordance with the following experimental conditions: FUE-Universal System – Futurabond U (VOCO) with etching; FUWE – Futurabond U (VOCO) without etching; SB-Total Etch System – Single Bond 2 (3M); SBUE-Universal System – Single Bond Universal (3M ESPE) with etching; SBUWE – Single Bond Universal (3M ESPE) without etching; CLE-Self-etch System – Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray) was applied with etching; CLWE – Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray) without etching. The specimens were made using the composite spectrum TPH (Dentsply) and stored in distilled water (37 ± 1°C) for 1 month. The microshear test was performed using the universal testing machine EMIC DL 2000 with the crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/minute. The bond strength values were analyzed using statistical tests (Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney test) with Bonferroni correction. Results There was no statistically significant difference between groups (p < 0.05), where FUE (36.83 ± 4.9 MPa) showed the highest bond strength values and SBUWE (18.40 ± 2.2 MPa) showed the lowest bond strength values. The analysis of adhesive interface revealed that most failures occurred between the interface composite resin and adhesive. Conclusion The universal adhesive system used in dental enamel varies according to the trademark, and the previous enamel etching for universal systems and the self-etch both induced greater bond strength values. Clinical significance Selective enamel etching prior to the application of a universal adhesive system is a relevant strategy for better performance bonding. How to cite this article Diniz ACS, Bandeca MC, Pinheiro LM, dos Santos Almeida LJr, Torres CRG, Borges AH, Pinto SCS, Tonetto MR, De Jesus Tavarez RR, Firoozmand LM. Influence of Different Etching Modes on Bond Strength to Enamel using Universal Adhesive Systems. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(10):820-825.

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Effect Of Chitosan Treatment On Shear Bond Strength Of Composite To Deep Dentin Using Self-Etch And Total-Etch Adhesive Systems

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2021.v24i2.2440 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Fateme Vasei ◽

Farahnaz Sharafeddin

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Shear Bond Strength ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Adhesive System ◽

Single Bond ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Self Etch

Objective: To assess the shear bond strength (SBS) of resin composite to deep dentin, using 1 and 2.5% chitosan pretreatment as well as different adhesive systems. Material and Methods: 80 human maxillary molars were randomly divided to eight groups according to the type of adhesive system and dentin pretreatment (n = 10): I) two-step self-etch system (Clearfil SE bond); II) two-step etch-andrinse system (Adper single bond 2); III) 2.5% chitosan + Clearfil SE bond; IV) 2.5% chitosan +etch + Adper single bond 2; V) etch + 2.5% chitosan + Adper single bond 2; VI) 1% chitosan + Clearfil SE bond; VII) 1% chitosan + etch + Adper single bond 2; VIII) etch + 1% chitosan + Adper single bond 2 (chitosan solution (w/v): 2.5 g and 1 g of chitosan (Sigma Aldrich, USA) was dissolved in 100 ml of 1% acetic acid). Plastic molds were positioned on dentin and filled with composite (Z350, 3M ESPE, USA). SBS (MPa) was tested using a universal testing machine. ANOVA tests, Tukey’s test, and independent t test were used to analyze data (p < 0.05). Results: The highest SBS value among self-etch groups was observed with 1% chitosan (p = 0.001). In the etch-and-rinse group, the SBS of 1% chitosan was significantly lower than the other groups. Chitosan treatment following acid etching led to higher SBS in comparison to when chitosan was applied before etching, with the significant difference in 1% concentration (p = 0.030). A predominance of mix fractures was observed in dentin. Conclusion: Improved dentin bond strength can be achieved through immediate dentin pretreatment with 1% chitosan in self-etch adhesive systems. Chitosan Pretreatment may not be advantageous for etch-and-rinse adhesive systems. Keywords Adhesive system; Chitosan; Deep dentin; Shear strength.

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Bond strength to dentin of total-etch and self-etch adhesive systems

RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia ◽

10.1590/1981-8637201400040000022648 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 365-370 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ricardo Alves dos SANTOS ◽

Eliane Alves de LIMA ◽

Mônica Maria de Albuquerque PONTES ◽

Alexandre Batista Lopes do NASCIMENTO ◽

Marcos Antônio Japiassú Resende MONTES ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Adhesive System ◽

Single Bond ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Healthy Human ◽

Universal Testing ◽

Stereo Microscope ◽

Diamond Disc ◽

Self Etch

OBJECTIVE: To assess the bond strength to dentin of the Single Bond (3M ESPE) and XP Bond (Dentsply) total-etch and Adper SE Plus (3M ESPE) self-etch adhesive systems. METHODS: Fifteen healthy human third molars were randomly allocated across three different groups of five teeth each according to the adhesive system. The occlusal portion of each tooth was removed under refrigeration using a flexible diamond disc (EXTEC, Enfield, CT, USA) down to an area of dentin that did not reveal enamel, as confirmed under a 40X stereo microscope (Ramsor, São Paulo, Brazil). A standardized smear layer was created with #600 grit silicon-carbide paper. The adhesive systems were applied as per manufacturer recommendations, with the exception of the Adper SE Plus system, which was triple-polymerized. Composite resin blocks (5 mm) were placed on the dentin surface. The specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37ºC. Using a flexible diamond disc (EXTEC, Enfield, CT, USA), toothpick-like specimens with an adhesive area of less than 1 mm² were obtained. A microtensile bond test was then carried out using a universal testing machine (KRATOS) with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test were used for comparisons. RESULTS: The bond strength values obtained with each adhesive system were as follows: XP Bond, 96.24 MPa; Adper Single Bond, 72.39 MPa; Adper SE Plus, 49.91 MPa. CONCLUSION: In terms of bond strength to dentin, conventional adhesives outperform self-etching systems.

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Microshear Bond Strength of Different Adhesive Systems to Dentin

Frontiers in Dentistry ◽

10.18502/fid.v16i4.2085 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sara Valizadeh ◽

Aida Moradi ◽

Mansooreh Mirazei ◽

Hooman Amiri ◽

Mohammad Javad Kharazifard

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Single Bond ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Microshear Bond Strength ◽

Self Etch ◽

Composite Cylinders

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the microshear bond strength (µSBS) of various adhesive systems to dentin. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro experimental study, 60 sound human third molars were divided into four groups. Dentin discs were prepared of middle-third dentin measuring 4 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness. Dentin surfaces were bonded with one of the four types of adhesives: (A) Single Bond (3M ESPE), Scotchbond Universal (3M ESPE) in etch and rinse (B) and self-etch (C) modes and (D) Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray Noritake Dental). After the application of adhesive systems according to the manufacturers’ instructions, composite cylinders (Vit-l-escence) were bonded to dentin surfaces. The μSBS test was performed using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α=0.05). Results: The µSBS was the highest in self-etch Scotchbond Universal (15.8±6.08 MPa) followed by Clearfil SE Bond (15.24±4.6 MPa), etch and rinse Scotchbond Universal (11.68±4.07MPa) and Single Bond (11.24±3.74 MPa). A significant difference was only found between Single Bond and etch and rinse Scotchbond Universal groups (P=0.04). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, application of Scotchbond Universal in self-etch mode provides a reliable bond to dentin.

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Microshear Bond Strength of Different Adhesive Systems to Dentin

Frontiers in Dentistry ◽

10.18502/fid.v14i4.2085 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sara Valizadeh ◽

Aida Moradi ◽

Mansooreh Mirazei ◽

Hooman Amiri ◽

Mohammad Javad Kharazifard

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Single Bond ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Microshear Bond Strength ◽

Self Etch ◽

Composite Cylinders

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Effect of Different Adhesion Protocols on the Shear Bond Strength of Universal Adhesive Systems to Sound and Artificial Caries-Affected Dentin

European Journal of General Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1732776 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Omnia M. Sami ◽

Essam A. Naguib ◽

Rasha H. Afifi ◽

Shaymaa M. Nagi

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Shear Bond Strength ◽

Failure Modes ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Single Bond ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Universal Adhesive ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Self Etch

Abstract Objective Bonding to different dentin substrates influences resin composite restoration outcomes. This study investigated the influence of different adhesion protocols on the shear bond strength of universal adhesive systems to sound and artificial caries-affected dentin (CAD). Materials and Methods Occlusal enamel of 80 premolars were wet grinded to obtain flat midcoronal dentin. Specimens were equally divided according to the substrate condition: sound and CAD by subjecting to pH-cycling for 14 days. Each dentin substrate was bonded with the adhesive systems used in this study: Single Bond universal adhesive or Prime&Bond universal (applied either in etch-and-rinse or self-etch adhesion protocol). Adhesive systems were utilized according to manufacturers’ instructions, then resin composite was built up. Specimens were tested for shear bond strength. The data were analyzed by three-way analysis of variance, and failure modes were determined using stereomicroscope. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the two tested adhesive systems on artificially created CAD with different adhesion protocols. On sound dentin, Single Bond universal, either in the etch-and-rinse or self-etch adhesion protocols, revealed higher statistically significant shear bond strength mean values compared with CAD. Conclusion Single Bond universal adhesive in an etch-and-rinse adhesion protocol improved only bonding to sound dentin, while no added positive effect for the etching step with Prime&Bond universal adhesive was found when bonded to both sound and CAD substrates. The influence of CAD on the performance of the universal adhesives was material-dependent.

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Bond strength assessment of a universal adhesive system in etch-and-rinse and self-etch modes

Revista de Odontologia da UNESP ◽

10.1590/1807-2577.08319 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gustavo do Prado SCHOENHALS ◽

Cinthia Lais BERFT ◽

Fabiana Scarparo NAUFEL ◽

Vera Lucia SCHMITT ◽

Larissa Pinceli CHAVES

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Adhesive System ◽

Single Bond ◽

Universal Adhesive ◽

Strength Assessment ◽

Significance Level ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

The Times ◽

Self Etch

Abstract Introduction Modern dentistry is reflected in the insertion of new materials with different adhesion forms in dental structures, such as the Universal adhesive system. Objective To evaluate the bond strength of the universal dentin adhesive system, in the form of self-etching and conventional application, compared with a simplified conventional adhesive system, in two distinct periods: 1 week and 6 months. Material and method 48 bovine incisors separated into 6 groups, stored for 7 days, were selected. Worn out the buccal enamel until dentin exposure. Adper Single Bond 2 (3M Espe) or SingleBond Universal (3M Espe) adhesives were applied, and catheters filled with Opallis Flow (FGM) composite were placed. After photoactivation, the catheters were removed and the specimens (n = 48), stored in distilled water at 37 °C for one week and six months, were exposed. The specimens were fixed to a universal testing machine (EMIC DL 2000) with a speed of 0.5 mm / min. Bond strength (BS) was calculated in MPa, and data were statistically analyzed by Anova and Tukey test at 5% significance level. Result For Adper Single bond, the BS was equivalent in the times tested; for Universal conventional and self-conditioning time influenced the BS, with a decrease in the results. At 1 week, all stickers were different from each other, with higher BS for Universal conventional mode, followed by universal self-etching mode and then Adper Single bond. Conclusion The best results were achieved with universal adhesive in conventional mode for both tested times.

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In Vitro Effect of Temperature on Dentin Bond Strength of Universal Adhesive Systems

Odovtos - International Journal of Dental Sciences ◽

10.15517/ijds.2020.39198 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 253-261

Author(s):

Serdar Akarsu DDS, PhD ◽

Sultan Aktuğ Karademir DDS

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Adhesive System ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Single Bond ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Universal Adhesive ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Universal Adhesives ◽

Vitro Effect

The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of two universal adhesives (Universal Single Bond and All Bond Universal) and a two-step self-etch adhesive system (Clearfil SE Bond) to dentine at various temperatures. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty dentin specimens were divided randomly to 12 groups, according to adhesive systems (Universal Single Bond and All Bond Universal, Clearfil SE Bond) and temperature ( 4ºC, 20 ºC, 36ºC, 55ºC) used. Dentin specimens were prepared (n :10, adhesives were applied, and composite cylinders were polymerized. Statistical analysis of the SBS data was performed using Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s Honestly Significant Differences post-hoc test. Results: The Clearfil SE Bond was shown to have higher SBS than the universal adhesives at all temperatures; however, there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). In both groups, the lowest SBS values were observed in the samples at 4°C while the highest SBS values were observed in the samples at 55°C. In this case, there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that the effectiveness of an adhesive may increase if it is preheated at 36°C or above before use instead of being used immediately after removal from the refrigerator or at room temperature.

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Aplikasi klorheksidin glukonat 2%pada dentin tidak mempengaruhi kuat rekat geserkomposit resinyangmenggunakansistem adesif self etch (2% Chlorhexidine gluconate application on dentine does not affect bond strength of resin composite using self etch adhesive system)

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science ◽

10.15562/jdmfs.v13i1.379 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Dewi Puspitasari ◽

Andi Soufyan ◽

Ellyza Herda

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Shear Bond Strength ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Resin Composite ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Adhesive System ◽

Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Group I ◽

Self Etch

Composite resin is a widely used aesthetic restoration. The restoration can fail due to secondary caries. Chlorhexidinegluconate 2% is used as a cavity disinfectant to eliminate microorganisms on the prepared cavity and to prevent thesecondary caries. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of chlorhexidine gluconate 2% to the bondstrength of composite resin with self etch system adhesive on dentine. Sixteen specimens of buccal dentine of premolarscrown are divided into 2 different groups. Group I: Clearfil SE Bond self-etch primer was applied for 20 seconds,Clearfil SE Bond bonding was applied for 5 seconds and polymerized for 10 seconds. Composite resin was constructedincrementally and polymerized for 20 seconds. Group II: prior to self etch primer application as in group I,chlorhexidine gluconate 2% was applied for 15 seconds. Shear bond strength was tested using Testing machine andanalyzed with unpaired T test. The highest shear bond strength was obtained by applying chlorhexidine gluconate 2%.The study concludes that chlorhexidine gluconate 2% application to dentine did not affect significantly to the bondstrength composite resin using self etch adhesive systems.

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Does Bonding Approach Influence the Bond Strength of Universal Adhesive to Dentin of Primary Teeth?

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/1053-4628-41.3.214 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 214-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tathiane Larissa Lenzi ◽

Fabio Zovico Maxnuck Soares ◽

Rachel de Oliveira Rocha

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Adhesive System ◽

Primary Tooth ◽

Adhesive Systems ◽

Microtensile Bond Strength ◽

Universal Adhesive ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Tooth Dentin ◽

Self Etch ◽

One Way Anova

Objective: To evaluate the effect of bonding strategy on microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of a new universal adhesive system to primary tooth dentin. Study design: Flat dentin surfaces from 25 primary molars were assigned to 5 groups according to the adhesive and bonding approach: Adper Single Bond 2 (two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive) and Clearfil SE Bond (two-step self-etch system), as controls; Scotchbond Universal Adhesive–self-etch, dry or wet-bonding etch-and-rinse strategies. Composite buildups were constructed and the teeth were sectioned to obtain bonded sticks (0.8 mm2) to be tested under tension at 1mm/min. The μTBS means were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests (α = 0.05). Failure mode was evaluated using a stereomicroscope (400×). Results: Universal adhesive applied following both dry and wet-bonding etch-and-rinse strategies showed similar bond strength compared with control adhesive systems. Self-etch approach resulted in the lowest μTBS values. For all groups, adhesive/mixed failure prevailed. The percentage of premature debonded specimens was higher when the universal adhesive was used as self-etch mode. Conclusion: The universal adhesive does not share the same versatility of being used in the etch-and-rinse and self-etch approaches; however, the use of the new adhesive following either wet or dry-bonding may be a suitable option as alternative to two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive protocol.

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Microtensile bond strength of a universal adhesive to deep dentin

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2016.v19i2.1259 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 104

Author(s):

Cristina Gre ◽

MAuro Amaral Caldeira de Andrada ◽

Sylvio Monteiro Junior

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Water Storage ◽

Adhesive System ◽

Single Bond ◽

Third Molars ◽

Microtensile Bond Strength ◽

Universal Adhesive ◽

The Mean ◽

Self Etch ◽

One Way Anova

Objective: This study evaluated the microtensile bond strength of a universal adhesive system applied to deep dentin under different bonding strategies. Material and Methods: Fifteen human third molars had the coronal portion removed exposing deep dentin and were assigned into 3 groups according to the adhesive system: G1(control): 2-steps totaletch (Adper Single Bond 2, 3M ESPE); G2: 1-step self-etch universal adhesive (Scotchbond Universal, 3M ESPE); G3:2 steps total-etch universal adhesive (Scotchbond Universal, 3M ESPE). Composite buildups were performed on the dentin surfaces and after water storage for 24 h, teeth were sectioned to obtain 40 bonded beams per group with sectional area of 0.9 mm2 . The specimens were submitted to the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) test until failure. Statistical analyses were computed using one-way ANOVA (p = 0.05). Results: The mean µTBS (in MPa) were G1 = 22.27, G2 = 22.85 and G3 = 20.3. After statistical analysis, no significant differences were observed among the groups. Conclusions: Universal adhesive system performed similarly to the total-etch adhesive and was not affected by the adhesion strategy. KEYWORDS Microtensile; Adhesive system; Dentin.

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