Evaluation of sclerotherapy with different dilutions of ethanolamine oleate in the treatment of oral varicose veins

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aim to evaluate the effectiveness of sclerotherapy protocols with different dilutions of ethanolamine oleate in the treatment of oral varicose veins. Methods: Clinical data and images of 14 cases treated with sclerotherapy were analyzed and descriptive analyses were performed. Results: Females (58%) and white skin color (83%) prevailed. Age varied between 14 and 79 years, with 47 years on mean (SD = 19 years). The most common anatomical locations were the buccal mucosa and lower lip. The final volume of the sclerosing agent (Ethamolin®) ranged from 0.4 to 4.3ml and the concentration ranged from 5% to 100%. The number of sessions ranged from 1 to 12 and the number of points per application was 1 to 7 points. Pain and edema were seen in 43% and 29% of patients, respectively. Conclusion: Sclerotherapy with monoethanolamine oleate diluted in anesthetic is a safe and effective option for the treatment of this lesion, regardless of concentration. However, edema and pain seem to be directly associated with increased drug concentration.

Higher Education students from health and non-health subject areas: aspects of oral health

ABSTRACT Objetive To evaluate whether the area of study of undergraduate students influences oral health knowledge, attitudes and practices, in addition to the use of dental services, self-reported oral morbidity, self-perception and impacts of oral health. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed, with a probabilistic sample of 681 students from the second semester of a Higher Education Institution, who were allocated into Health (H; n = 347) and Non-Health (NH; n = 334) groups, and answered a questionnaire encompassing their sociodemographic profile and aspects of oral health. Data were analyzed by Fisher’s Chi-Square/Exact Test (α = 5%). Results The majority of students were female (H = 70.0%, NH = 56.9%, p = 0.0004), single (H = 82.7%, NH = 76.0%, p = 0.0429) and did not work (H = 30.5%, NH = 37.7%, p = 0.0482). The groups differed in terms of receiving oral health guidelines from the media (H = 19.9%, NH = 13.8%, p = 0.0333) or from other health professionals (H = 25.6%, NH = 13.2%, p <0.0001). Regarding the reasons for their most recent dental appointment, in the Health group “treatment” (42.9%) and “pain” (6.9%) prevailed, while for the Non-Health group “review, prevention or check-up” (41, 9%) and “extraction” (8.1%) (p = 0.0169) were the most prevalent. The Health group was more satisfied with their oral health, with less frequent reports of a self-perception of bad breath (H = 30.3%, NH = 38.3%, p = 0.0483). There was no association between self-perception and impacts on oral health (p> 0.05). Conclusions The groups differed regarding the source of information on oral health, the reason for seeking and type of treatment, and the self-perception of bad breath, with the Health group reporting greater satisfaction with their oral health.

Combination of at-home and in-office bleaching techniques: case series

ABSTRACT Tooth bleaching is one of the most conservative aesthetic techniques. At-home and in-office bleaching may be performed, as well as the combination of both techniques. As this combination may be done in different manners, distinct orders of combinations were proposed in this report. A 24 years-old man, whose upper central incisor and canine shades were A2 and A3 respectively, was initially treated by chair-side with 40-min application of 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP) for two sessions. Afterwards, an two-week overnight at-home bleaching was performed with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP). The shade of upper central incisors changed to 1M1 and canine was B1. Conversely, a 30 years-old woman was firstly conducted with at-home bleaching (overnight 4-weeks 10% CP) and, subsequently, with a single appointment of in-office bleaching for 45 minutes (35% HP). The shade of her upper central incisor changed from A1 to 0.5M1 and the upper canine from A3 to B1. The VITA classical (A1-D4) shade guide and VITA Bleached guide 3D-MASTER were used to determine the tooth color during the treatments. In both bleaching treatments, patients reported no significant tooth sensitivity and the final outcomes met their expectation.

Craniometric study of the Orbital Index in brazilian skulls

ABSTRACT Objetive To determine the percentage of correctness of the Orbital Index (OI) for estimation of sex, ancestry and age in Brazilian skulls. Methods Cross-sectional study of 183 human dry skulls from the southeastern Brazil. A total of 100 skeletons were males and 83 females; of which 36 were aged up to 39 years, 60 aged between 40 and 59 years, and 87 aged 60 years or older. As for ancestry, 103 were from white, 51 mixed race, and 29 black individuals. The OI was calculate by the formula = height/width x 100. The data were submitted to Student’s t test, F (ANOVA), Tukey and Kruskal Wallis tests as well as to discriminant analysis, with a 5% significance level. Results The sample was characterized as mesoseme, with a mean age of 56.62 (±19.97) years. No significant difference was observed (p=0.511) between the OI in females (right: 86.43 ± 6.58 and left: 86.70 ± 5.93) and males (right: 85.78 ± 6.69 and left: 86.37 ± 6.20). There were no significant differences between age, ancestry and the variables analyzed (p>0.05). The right and left orbital widths were significantly dimorphic between sexes (p<0.001). The percentage of correctness of the method for estimation of sex, age and ancestry was found to be 65.6%, 43.7%, and 43.6%, respectively. Conclusions The OI is not an appropriate method for estimation of sex, ancestry and estimation of age in this Brazilian sample. The methodology should be expanded to other population groups so that it can be improved.

Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus: a current understanding of the mechanisms underlying the disease that affect orthodontic tooth movement

ABSTRACT With improvements in dental aesthetic requirements an increasing number of adults are seeking orthodontic treatment that, along with current lifestyle and eating habits of the adult population, makes orthodontists more likely to encounter patients with metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus. Speculated that the diabetic patient during orthodontic treatment may not experience a physiological healing process as a healthy patient. Therefore, the objective of this work is to present a current and contextualized review of the mechanisms by which uncontrolled diabetes mellitus impacts on bone remodeling and orthodontic tooth movement during the application of orthodontic forces. The following databases were searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, LILACS and open grey with these MeSH “bone remodeling”, “diabetes mellitus”, “orthodontic” and “tooth movement”. Five articles remained after search strategy and were analyzed. In sum, no clinical studies were found, the evidence was limited to animal studies (rats). The results suggest that there are differences in bone remodeling and tooth movement during the application of orthodontic forces in animals with diabetes mellitus when compared to healthy animals, especially when the disease is associated with periodontal disease. However, the results are still controversial and may be due to different study protocols.

Important aspects during advanced lingual laceration management: report of 2 cases

ABSTRACT Intraoral injuries affect the stomatognathic system, creating difficulties in mastication and speech articulation, especially when they affect the tongue. In this context, the quality of the suture and local care are important to proper recovery and the patient’s brief return to their normal functions. Oral lacerations resulting from trauma require specific approaches. Treatments of this type of trauma may primarily be performed by professionals who conduct emergency care; however, they may require the attention of specialists. This article contains recommendations for the primary approach, treatment, and postoperative care of complex lacerations in the tongue.

Transitional Era: from analogical to digital workflow in oral rehabilitation: a case report

ABSTRACT Digital dentistry is a ubiquitous phenomenon nowadays but it requires access to technologies and learning curve. To aid digital workflow implementation, digital steps can be progressively incorporated in conventional workflows. We aimed to demonstrate a multidisciplinary oral rehabilitation performed mixing conventional procedures with digital open-source software programs and low-cost devices. A 46-year-old female patient had photographs, intraoral scans, and cone-beam computed tomography obtained and used in combination with conventional clinical exams to develop a treatment plan. Power point software was used for digital smile planing and Horos for digital implant planning. The digital dataset were used to guide conventional clinical procedures (scaling and root planning, gingivoplasty, in-office tooth bleaching, fiber-post restoration, implant and bone graft placement, teeth preparation, and protheses design and milling). The inclusion of digital steps in the conventional workflow enabled the performance of rehabilitation procedures with reduced clinical time and increased predictability, favoring the overall workflow and the communication among the different dental specialties. A mixed workflow can progressively lead to an exclusively digital workflow as technologies become accessible and learning curve is coped.

Wide field scanning by optical fluorescence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC): case report

ABSTRACT Optical fluorescence detection aims to identify precursor lesions, little noticeable to the human eye, and oral cancer. Squamous cell carcinoma or spinocellular carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm that affects the mouth more. In this article, two clinical cases are analyzed, treated with the use of two types of equipment, namely: the photoevidenciation by optical fluorescence of light-emitting violet wavelength of 405nm, power of 100mW, which is luminous radiation, not Ionizing and in the adjuvant treatment, we used low-power laser therapy, power 100mW, with two wavelengths of 808nm infrared, for pain relief, and the red 660nm, for oral mucositis. In Photodynamic therapy, the Photosensitizing Chimiolux® (methylene blue) was used to control Candida albicans. From these cases, we discuss how a more assertive diagnostic hypothesis can save a life and save time, resources, and efforts for the correct diagnosis of the pathology compared to a biopsy and histopathology negative for neoplasia. We conclude that optical fluorescence has excellent social relevance due to its potential to help the professional not specialized in the establishment of early diagnosis of oral cancer. Early diagnosis improves the rates of death caused by this carcinoma, which would extend the post-diagnosis survival and decrease the financial and emotional costs for the patient and family.

Self-perception of older adults regarding rehabilitation with dentures

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the self-perception that older adults have about rehabilitation regarding their uni or bimaxillary dentures. Methods: A form was applied to investigate the sociodemographic, economic and medical-dental variables of the users, a questionnaire to assess the satisfaction level of patients with their dentures, another to investigate the technical quality of the dentures from the aesthetic-functional point of view, and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) to ascertain the impact of prosthetic rehabilitation on the quality of life of users. Results: The majority of the participants (65.2%) used complete bimaxillary dentures, reported dissatisfaction during chewing, while the lower dentures had unsatisfactory technical quality for the retention requirements (69.6%) and stability (69.6%). The older adults’ complaints were predominantly related to the “physical pain” and “physical disability” domains. There were significant associations between general satisfaction with the dentures in use, their general technical quality and the OHIP-14 domains. Conclusion: The patient complaints were related to difficulties in their ability to chew, speak and with the retention and comfort of the lower dentures. The technical quality of the dentures had compromised retention and stability from the aesthetic-functional point of view. Dentures considered unsatisfactory caused negative impacts on the quality of life of users, especially in comfort during meals which was related to difficulty chewing and swallowing. The association between the instruments used in the study provides important tools for the performance of dental surgeons, in addition to enabling more adequate planning in the oral health services offered to the population.

COVID-19 and Painful Temporomandibular Disorders: what does the dentist need to know?

ABSTRACT COVID-19 outbreak may lead to major impacts in applied oral sciences. Remarkably, it could be expected that factors associated to pandemic may lead to a greater risk of developing, worsening and perpetuating TMD and its associated risk factors. This non systematic literature review aims to discuss how the COVID-19 pandemic can influence the emergence, maintenance or worsening of TMD worldwide. During epidemics: the number of people whose mental health is affected tends to be greater than the number affected by the infection, and fear increases anxiety and stress levels in healthy individuals; chronic pain patients probably not receipt important treatments; overuse of medications becomes frequent; there are manifestation of unconscious oral parafunctional habits and poor sleep quality. All these facts represent risk factors common to TMD. Dentists should be aware of these issues and adapt their practices to properly diagnose and treat these patients within a multifactorial approach, increasing the quality of life of these individuals.