Behavioral and Emotional Disorders Occurring in Childhood and Adolescence (Syn. Psychiatric Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence)

2008 ◽  
pp. 1429-1429
Author(s):  
N. Kutty
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence

scholarly journals Prenatal maternal infections and psychopathology in childhood and adolescence: Findings from the ALSPAC birth cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hildigunnur Anna Hall ◽  
Lydia Gabriela Speyer ◽  
MIchael Lombardo ◽  
Aja Louise Murray ◽  
Bonnie Auyeung
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Prenatal Infections ◽  
The Uk

Aims: Studies have suggested that exposure to prenatal infections may be a risk factor in the aetiology of neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia and autism, but that its effects may differ by timing of exposure. Evidence on other psychiatric outcomes, however, is scarce and mixed. The aims of this study were to examine whether exposure to infections, at any point in gestation and during each trimester, is associated with increased odds of psychiatric disorders (pervasive developmental disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, behavioural disorders and emotional disorders) at ages 7 and 14. Methods: Participants were n = 8859 mother and child pairs from the UK Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort. Exposure to prenatal infections was assessed for each trimester using maternal self-reports. Children’s psychiatric status was assessed using the parent-reported Development and Well-being Assessment (DAWBA). Logistic regressions were used to examine links between prenatal infections and child outcomes. Results: Half of the mothers reported an infection at some point during pregnancy and 7% of children were reported to have a psychiatric condition. Increased odds of children having any psychiatric disorder at age 14 were found in association with infections at any point during pregnancy, OR = 1.27 (95% CI 1.04, 1.55) and in the third trimester specifically, OR = 1.28 (95% CI 1.02, 1.61), after adjusting for the effects of potential confounds and other covariates. No other links were found in adjusted models. Conclusions: Findings suggest that associations between prenatal infections and children’s psychiatric disorders are weak to non-existent, after adjusting for the effects of other factors.

The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the pathophysiology of adolescent suicidal behavior

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Sher
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Developmental Change ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Abstract Adolescent suicide research has mostly focused on demographic risk factors. Such studies focus on who is at risk, but do not explain why certain adolescents are at risk for suicide. Studies of the neurobiology of adolescent suicide could clarify why some youths are more suicidal than others and help to find biological markers of suicidal behavior in teenagers. Over the past decade the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the pathophysiology of suicidal behavior has attracted significant attention of scientists. BDNF is involved in the pathophysiology of many psychiatric disorders associated with suicidal behavior including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. BDNF dysregulation could be associated with increased suicidality independently of psychiatric diagnoses. BDNF plays an important role in the regulation and growth of neurons during childhood and adolescence. Prominent among the brain regions undergoing developmental change during adolescence are stressor-sensitive areas. The serotonin dysfunction found in adolescent and adult suicidal behavior could be related to the low level of BDNF, which impedes the normal development of serotonin neurons during brain development. BDNF dysfunction could play a more significant role in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders and suicidal behavior in adolescents than in adults. Treatment-induced enhancement in the BDNF function could reduce suicidal behavior secondary to the improvement in psychiatric pathology or independently of improvement in psychiatric disorders. It is interesting to hypothesize that BDNF could be a biological marker of suicidal behavior in adolescents or in certain adolescent populations.

Somatic emotional disorders in childhood and adolescence

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 681-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian M. Goodyer ◽  
Caroline Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence

scholarly journals Familial and neighborhood effects on psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence

2015 ◽  
Vol 66-67 ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Sundquist ◽  
Xinjun Li ◽  
Henrik Ohlsson ◽  
Maria Råstam ◽  
Marilyn Winkleby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Neighborhood Effects ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence

scholarly journals Early exposure to antibiotic drugs and risk for psychiatric disorders: a population-based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharina Lavebratt ◽  
Liu L. Yang ◽  
MaiBritt Giacobini ◽  
Yvonne Forsell ◽  
Martin Schalling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Antibiotic Drug

AbstractEarly life exposure to infection, anti-infectives and altered immune activity have been associated with elevated risk of some psychiatric disorders. However, the risk from exposure in fetal life has been proposed to be confounded by familial factors. The hypothesis of this study is that antibiotic drug exposure during the fetal period and the first two postnatal years is associated with risk for later development of psychiatric disorders in children. All births in Finland between 1996 and 2012, 1 million births, were studied for antibiotic drug exposure: mothers during pregnancy and the children the first two postnatal years. The children were followed up for a wide spectrum of psychiatric diagnoses and psychotropic drug treatment until 2014. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to estimate effects of antibiotic drug exposure on offspring psychiatric disorders. Modestly (10–50%) increased risks were found on later childhood development of sleep disorders, ADHD, conduct disorder, mood and anxiety disorders, and other behavioral and emotional disorders with childhood onset (ICD-10 F98), supported by increased risks also for childhood psychotropic medication. The prenatal exposure effects detected were not explained by explored familial confounding, nor by registered maternal infections. To conclude, this longitudinal nation-wide study shows that early life antibiotic drug exposure is associated with an increased risk for childhood development of psychopathology. Given the high occurrence of early-life antibiotic exposure, these findings are of public health relevance. Whether the associations reflect effects of the antibiotic drug use or of the targeted infections remains to be explored further.

Extent, Timing and Persistence of Emotional Disorders following Childbirth

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Nott
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
The Third ◽  
Definition Of

A three-stage community survey of a representative group of Southampton mothers was carried out. A semi-structured psychiatric interview was administered at 3, 9 and 15 months post-partum. The results of these interviews are presented and used to assess the extent and timing of psychiatric disorders arising in this period. In contrast to previous studies, it was found that the highest incidence ofnew cases, variously defined, occurred between the third and ninth month post-partum and not immediately following childbirth. These results are discussed in the context of previous studies using the same definition of caseness.

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