scholarly journals Shocks Matter

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (97) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruy Lama ◽  
Juan Medina
Keyword(s):  
Open Economy ◽  
Capital Flows ◽  
Small Open Economy ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Output Volatility ◽  
Macroprudential Policy ◽  
Foreign Exchange Intervention ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Interest Rate Shocks ◽  
Capital Outflows

We study the optimal management of capital flows in a small open economy model with financial frictions and multiple policy instruments. The paper reports two main findings. First, both foreign exchange intervention (FXI) and macroprudential polices are tools complementary to the monetary policy rate that can largely reduce inflation and output volatility in a scenario of capital outflows. Second, the optimal policy mix depends on the underlying shock driving capital flows. FXI takes the leading role in response to foreign interest rate shocks, while macroprudential policy becomes the prominent tool for domestic risk shocks. These results highlight the importance of calibrating the use of multiple instruments according to the underlying shocks that induce shifts in capital flows.

Financial openness, bank capital flows, and the effectiveness of macroprudential policies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Hao Jin ◽  
Chen Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Open Economy ◽  
Capital Flows ◽  
Open Economies ◽  
Small Open Economy ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Bank Capital ◽  
Macroprudential Policy ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Macroprudential Policies ◽  
Dynamic Stochastic

Abstract This paper quantitatively examines the macroeconomic and welfare effects of macroprudential policies in open economies. We develop a small open economy dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model, where banks choose their funding sources (domestic vs. foreign deposits) and are subject to financial constraints. Our model predicts that banks reduce leverage in response to a macroprudential policy tightening, but increasingly rely on foreign funding. This endogenous shifts of funding composition significantly undermine the stabilizing effect and welfare gains of macroprudential policies. Our results also suggest macroprudential policies are less effective in financially more open economies, and optimal policy should take capital flows into consideration. Finally, we find empirical support for the model predictions in a group of developing and emerging economies.

scholarly journals Capital Flows and Foreign Exchange Intervention

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Cavallino
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Capital Flows ◽  
Small Open Economy ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Economy Model ◽  
Foreign Exchange Intervention ◽  
Optimal Intervention ◽  
Intervention Policy

I consider a small open economy model where international financial markets are imperfect and the exchange rate is determined by capital flows. I use this framework to study the effects of portfolio flow shocks, derive the optimal foreign exchange intervention policy, and characterize its interaction with monetary policy. I derive the optimal intervention rule in closed form as a function of three implicit targets. Finally, using Swiss data, I estimate the model to quantify the inefficiencies generated by capital flow shocks and the optimal size of the intervention. (JEL E44, E52, E63, F31, F32, F33, F41)

scholarly journals Productivity Growth and Capital Flows: The Dynamics of Reforms

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Buera ◽  
Yongseok Shin
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Capital Flows ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Open Economy ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Joint Dynamics ◽  
Capital Outflows ◽  
Investment Rates ◽  
Saving Rates

Why doesn't capital flow into fast-growing countries? Using a model with heterogeneous producers and underdeveloped domestic financial markets, we explain the joint dynamics of total factor productivity (TFP) and capital flows. When a large-scale economic reform removes preexisting idiosyncratic distortions in a small open economy, its TFP rises, driven by efficient reallocation of economic resources. At the same time, because of the domestic financial frictions, saving rates surge but investment rates respond only with a lag, resulting in capital outflows. The dynamics of TFP, capital flows, and idiosyncratic distortions in the model are consistent with what is observed during growth acceleration episodes, which often follow large-scale economic reforms. (JEL E21, E22, F21, F32, O16, O47)

scholarly journals On the Limits of Macroprudential Policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Kolasa
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
New Keynesian ◽  
Output Volatility ◽  
Macroprudential Policy ◽  
Collateral Constraints ◽  
Keynesian Model ◽  
Additional Stabilization ◽  
The Interest Rate

AbstractThis paper studies how macroprudential policy tools applied to the housing market can complement the interest rate-based monetary policy in achieving one additional stabilization objective, defined as keeping either economic activity or credit at some exogenous (and possibly time-varying) levels. We show analytically in a canonical New Keynesian model with housing and collateral constraints that using the loan-to-value (LTV) ratio, tax on credit or tax on property as additional policy instruments does not resolve the inflation-output volatility tradeoff. Perfect targeting of inflation and credit with monetary and macroprudential policy is possible only if the role of housing debt in the economy is sufficiently small. The identified limits to the considered policies are related to their predominantly intertemporal impact on decisions made by financially constrained agents, making them poor complements to monetary policy, which also operates at an intertemporal margin. These limits can be overcome if macroprudential policy is instead designed such that it sufficiently redistributes income between savers and borrowers.

scholarly journals Status Preference, Wealth and Dynamics in the Open Economy

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter H. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Open Economy ◽  
Capital Mobility ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Small Open Economy ◽  
Current Account Balance ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
Transitional Dynamics ◽  
Economy Model ◽  
Interest Rate Shocks

Abstract The implications of status preference in a simple open economy model are investigated in this paper. The open economy is modeled as a continuum of identical representative agents who have preferences over consumption and status. In the paper status is identified as relative wealth, which takes the form of relative holdings international financial assets. A symmetric macroeconomic equilibrium is derived in which status is the source of transitional dynamics for domestic consumption and the current account balance. This result illustrates another way to combine transitional dynamics with interior equilibria in the small open economy Ramsey model with perfect capital mobility. We also show that status preference plays a critical role in influencing the open economy’s adjustment to government expenditure and world interest rate shocks.

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