Knowledge Economy Model for the State of Hidalgo

This article aims to create a knowledge economy model to be applied in the state of Hidalgo, conducting an exhaustive investigation on the formation of a knowledge economy, as well as a comparative analysis between the state of Hidalgo and nine states more than the Mexican Republic with a certain criterion, in relation to the factors that delimit said economy. These factors are a series of variables taken from 2015: literacy, upper secondary and higher education, researchers, Innovation Stimuli Program (PEI), Mixed Fund associated with the state government (FOMIX), telephony, internet, computers, television, patents, industrial designs and utility models. To later use a method created by the World Bank, which is called Knowledge Assessment Methodology (KAM).

The circular economy model as a promising path towards regional ecological and economic balance

The article presents the results of an analysis of the possibilities for the transition of the region’s economy to a circular economic model. According to the aim of this article the main economic activities and tools for making such a transition in Kamchatka Territory have been identified. The principles of the circular economy and its advantages over the traditional “linear” model have been analysed. On the example of the Kamchatka Territory, the preconditions and prospects for the region’s transition to a circular economy model in terms of the existing structure of production of goods and services have been analysed. Using MS Excel tools, the structure of the gross regional product has been analysed, according to the results of which the main economic activities that are promising for the transition to a circular model have been identified. Regional indicators for waste recycling and neutralisation have been analysed, and chain coefficients have been calculated for growth in the share of recycled and neutralised waste for Russia as a whole, for the Far Eastern Federal District and Kamchatka Territory. Based on the results of the calculation, it has been concluded that the coefficient values for the Kamchatka Territory lag behind those for the whole of Russia and the Far Eastern Federal District. A number of financial and economic, technological, legal and informational tools have been identified, the use of which makes it possible to implement the transition to a circular economic model. Fisheries, energy, tourism, recycling and waste management have been identified as the most promising economic activities for such a transition. The findings conclude that it is important to continue research into the various aspects of the transition to a circular economy, as well as continued coordinated efforts are needed to implement it.

Solid Waste Management in the Context of a Circular Economy in the MENA Region

Solid waste management in most MENA countries is characterized by lack of planning, improper disposal, inadequate collection services, inappropriate technologies that suit the local conditions and technical requirements, and insufficient funding. Therefore, waste management is mainly limited to collection, transportation, and disposal. As the circular economy has recently been given high priority on the MENA region’s political agenda, all MENA member states are seeking to move away from old-fashioned waste disposal, “waste management”, towards a more intelligent waste treatment, “resource efficiency”. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of national systems for municipal solid waste (MSW) management, and material and energy recovery as an important aspect thereof, in the context of the circular economy in selected countries in the MENA region. Since policy, regulation, and treatment technologies are traditionally connected to MSW management, the focus of this article is twofold. Firstly, it aims to identify the different practices of solid waste management employed in selected MENA region countries and their approaches to embracing the circular economy and, secondly, it examines the extent to which policies and technologies applied play any role in this context. The study revealed that most waste management issues in the countries analyzed appear to be due to political factors and the decentralized nature of waste management with multi-level management and responsibilities. In fact, material and energy recovery in the context of municipal solid waste management does not differ significantly in the countries in the MENA region considered. In most cases, “waste” is still seen as “trouble” rather than a resource. Therefore, a fresh vision on how the solid waste management system can be transformed into a circular economy is required; there is a need for paradigm shift from a linear economy model to a circular-economy model.

Phenomenon of Megaprojects in Multi-Contour Economy Model

The article considers the phenomenon of megaprojects as a type of regional development institutions. It shows that megaprojects complement existing regional development corporations and regional investment forums in Russia and other countries. It is demonstrated that megaprojects are a highly controversial phenomenon, characterised not only by huge amounts of investment but also by severe violations of the planned values of time, financial costs, technical and economic results after the commissioning of the facility. In addition, the current environmental damage from megaprojects is both positive and negative, which makes it impossible to account for its impact in the overall scheme of analysis. The article concludes that megaprojects are informationally closed; therefore, it is almost impossible to collect comprehensive information on them. According to the authors, this is due to the desire of megaproject investors to become "invisible" to statistical and supervisory authorities. Otherwise, many projects may become less attractive with the ensuing risks of conservation of regions in a state of low economic activity. Approaches to assess the target efficiency of megaprojects, as well as their indirect economic efficiency, which is based on the use of the investment multiplier methodology, are proposed. Promising directions for further research on megaprojects are outlined.

ВИРОБНИЧІ ТА ЕКСПОРТНІ РЕСУРСИ РЕГІОНУ ТА ЇХ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ

The article substantiates the directions of increasing production and exports in the East Zangezur region on the basis of a green economy model, shows the ways of introducing new resources into the economy, examines ways to provide various sectors of the domestic market with food and other goods. The purpose of the article is to characterize the use of production and export resources of the region. The subject of the research is the process of managing the production and export resources of the region. Research hypothesis. Agriculture plays a leading role in the employment of the population of this region. In accordance with this tradition, agriculture is being created in the regions on the basis of a modern material and technical base and new production management technologies based on the new structure of the green economy model. Presentation of the main material. Effective use of the country's export potential plays an important role in strengthening Azerbaijan's integration into the world economy. From this point of view, the effective use of the economic potential of the territories opens up new horizons in increasing the production and export potential of the republic and creating an alternative export sector. Originality and practical significance of the research. On the basis of the proposed model, special attention is paid to the production of environmentally friendly products in developing regions. This approach is due to the fact that Azerbaijan ranks 10th in the world for the production of environmentally friendly products. Conclusions of the study. The rich natural resources of the Republic of Azerbaijan in some areas should be re-evaluated, and the results of the assessment should be promoted in international advertising channels, posting them on the website of the World Tourism Organization. It is advisable to assess, first of all, the mineral and natural landscape resources of the republic.

Circular Economy Model and the Implementation in Vietnamese Coal Mining Industry

The circular economy is the economic model that has been applied for a long time in theworld. This model is applied at all three levels: micro (enterprise-level), intermediate (industry level,industrial zone level), and macro-level (local level, regional level, or national level). Vietnamese CoalMining Industry has been having important contributions to the socio-economic development ofVietnam. However, this industry also causes lots of issues about environmental pollution. In the contextof resource depletion, environmental pollution and the cost of exploiting and processing increases withthe deep exploiting process; the tastes of utilizing resources, minimizing environmental pollution, andcreating more value-added for this industry are inevitable requirements. Because of the tasks, applyingthe circular economy model into this industry (both intermediate and micro-level) is the urgent solutionfor the sustainable development of the Vietnamese Coal Mining Industry. The paper uses a combinationof research methods such as theoretical research, case study research, statistical data analysis, etc., topropose the circular economy model for the Vietnamese Coal Mining Industry and some solutions todeploy this model into the industry's operations towards sustainable development.