Performance Shaping Factors modelling using error possibility and Fuzzy integrals.

This paper provides background on the process to enhance human reliability analysis (HRA) for long-duration space applications. While short-duration missions largely mirror ground activities and fit well with existing HRA methods, new missions to the Moon or Mars entail a significantly longer duration of time in space for astronauts. This extended period in space presents opportunities to affect astronaut performance that require consideration of new performance shaping factors (PSFs). In the present paper, we conducted a meta-analysis on fatigue and developed a new PSF to account for chronic sleep deprivation associated with long-duration space missions. Fatigue provides a starting point for additional PSFs needed for space HRA.

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Understanding aviation operators’ variability in advanced systems

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology ◽

10.1108/aeat-03-2021-0065 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Maria Papanikou ◽

Utku Kale ◽

András Nagy ◽

Konstantinos Stamoulis

Keyword(s):

Human Performance ◽

Situational Awareness ◽

Air Traffic ◽

Content Type ◽

Homogeneous Groups ◽

Professional Groups ◽

Performance Shaping Factors ◽

Generational Changes ◽

And Performance ◽

Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to identify variability in aviation operators in order to gain greater understanding of the changes in aviation professional groups. Research has commonly addressed human factors and automation in broad categories according to a group’s function (e.g., pilots, air traffic controllers [ATCOs], engineers). Accordingly, pilots and Air Traffic Controls (ATCOs) have been treated as homogeneous groups with a set of characteristics. Currently, critical themes of human performance in light of systems’ developments place the emphasis on quality training for improved situational awareness (SA), decision-making and cognitive load. Design/methodology/approach As key solutions centre on the increased understanding and preparedness of operators through quality training, the authors deploy an iterative mixed methodology to reveal generational changes of pilots and ATCOs. In total, 46 participants were included in the qualitative instrument and 70 in the quantitative one. Preceding their triangulation, the qualitative data were analysed using NVivo and the quantitative analysis was aided through descriptive statistics. Findings The results show that there is a generational gap between old and new generations of operators. Although positive views on advanced systems are being expressed, concerns about cognitive capabilities in the new systems, training and skills gaps, workload and role implications are presented. Practical implications The practical implications of this study extend to different profiles of operators that collaborate either directly or indirectly and that are critical to aviation safety. Specific implications are targeted on automation complacency, bias and managing information load, and training aspects where quality training can be aided by better understanding the occupational transitions under advanced systems. Originality/value In this paper, the authors aimed to understand the changing nature of the operators’ profession within the advanced technological context, and the perceptions and performance-shaping factors of pilots and ATCOs to define the generational changes.

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Expert judgments for performance shaping Factors’ multiplier design in human reliability analysis

Reliability Engineering & System Safety ◽

10.1016/j.ress.2018.12.022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 194 ◽

pp. 106343 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Peng Liu ◽

Yongping Qiu ◽

Juntao Hu ◽

Jiejuan Tong ◽

Jun Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reliability Analysis ◽

Human Reliability ◽

Human Reliability Analysis ◽

Performance Shaping Factors

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A Method for Marine Human Error Probability Estimate: APJE-SLIM

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.97-98.825 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 97-98 ◽

pp. 825-830 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yong Tao Xi ◽

Chong Guo

Keyword(s):

Collision Avoidance ◽

Human Error ◽

Shipping Industry ◽

Human Reliability ◽

Combined Method ◽

Probability Estimate ◽

Human Errors ◽

Performance Shaping Factors ◽

Industry Research ◽

Human Error Probability

Safety is the eternal theme in shipping industry. Research shows that human error is the main reason of maritime accidents. Therefore, it is very necessary to research marine human errors, to discuss the contexts which caused human errors and how the contexts effect human behavior. Based on the detailed investigation of human errors in collision avoidance behavior which is the most key mission in navigation and the Performance Shaping Factors (PSFs), human reliability of mariners in collision avoidance was analyzed by using the integration of APJE and SLIM. Result shows that this combined method is effective and can be used for the research of maritime human reliability.

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Performance-shaping factors

Enhancing Surgical Performance ◽

10.1201/b18702-8 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 139-152

Author(s):

Sonal Arora ◽

Ian Flindall ◽

George G. Youngson

Keyword(s):

Performance Shaping Factors

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A data-informed model of performance shaping factors and their interdependencies for use in human reliability analysis

Reliability, Risk, and Safety, Three Volume Set ◽

10.1201/9780203859759-43 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 265-272

Keyword(s):

Reliability Analysis ◽

Human Reliability ◽

Human Reliability Analysis ◽

Performance Shaping Factors ◽

Data Informed

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FACTORS INFLUENCING HUMAN RELIABILITY OF HIGH TEMPERATURE GAS COOLED REACTOR OPERATION

JURNAL TEKNOLOGI REAKTOR NUKLIR TRI DASA MEGA ◽

10.17146/tdm.2016.18.3.3017 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 135

Author(s):

Sigit Santoso

Keyword(s):

Human Error ◽

Time Variable ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Control Room ◽

Human Reliability ◽

Operator Performance ◽

Performance Shaping Factors ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Machine Interface ◽

High Temperature Gas

ABSTRACT Operator roles and intervene actions on the operation of gas cooled reactor would be different compared to their roles in other reactor types. Analysis of operator performance and the influencing factors can be conducted comprehensively in Human Reliability Analysis (HRA). Using HRA, the impact of human errors on the system and the ways to reduce human error impact and frequency can be idenfified. The paper discusses factors influencing reactor operator performance to response to the cooling accident of the high temperature gas cooled reactor (HTGR). Analysis and qualification of influencing factors, which are performance shaping factors (PSF), were conducted based on time reliability curve and Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM). Based on time reliability curve, results showed that time variable contributes to the improvement of operator performance (PSF<1), especially when the safety features of the system properly work as in the design. Based on CREAM, it can be identified that in addition to the time variable, human machine interface design and sufficiently training also contribute to the improvement of operator performance. This study found that total PSF equals to 0.25, in which the positive dominant factor is time variable whose PSF is 0.01 and the negative dominant factors are procedure and working cycle whose PSF is 5. Those PSF values reflected the multiplier factors to the human error probability. The analysis of performance shaping factors should be developed on the other operation and accident scenarios of HTGRs prior to be further applied for a comprehensive assessment and analysis of human reliability and for the design of human machine interface system at control room. Keywords: PSF, HTGR, human operator, control room, human reliability ABSTRAK Peran dan tindakan operator pada reaktor berpendingin gas akan berbeda dengan peran operator pada operasi tipe reaktor lain. Analisis unjuk kerja operator dan faktor yang berpengaruh dapat dilakukan secara komprehensif melalui analisis keandalan manusia(HRA). Melalui HRA dampak dari kesalahan manusia pada sistem maupun cara untuk mengurangi dampak dan frekuensi kesalahan dapat diketahui. Makalah membahas faktor yang berpengaruh pada tindakan operator, yaitu pada kejadian kecelakaan pendingin reaktor gas bersuhu tinggi-HTGR. Analisis untuk kualifikasi faktor pembentuk kinerja(PSF) dilakukan berdasarkan kurva keandalan fungsi waktu, dan metode keandalan manusia yang dikembangkan berdasar pada aspek kognitif yaitu Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM). Hasil analisis berdasar kurva keandalan fungsi waktu menunjukkan komponen waktu berkontribusi positif pada peningkatan keandalan operator (PSF<1) pada kondisi semua fitur keselamatan berfungsi sesuai rancangan. Sedangkan pada metoda analisis dengan pendekatan kognitif CREAM diketahui selain faktor ketersediaan waktu, faktor pelatihan dan rancangan HMI juga berkontribusi meningkatkan keandalan operator. Faktor pembentuk kinerja keseluruhan diketahui sebesar 0,25 dengan faktor kontribusi positif dominan atau berpengaruh pada penurunan kesalahan manusia adalah ketersediaan waktu (PSF=0,01), dan faktor kontribusi negatif dominan adalah prosedur dan siklus kerja (PSF=5). Nilai PSF tersebut sebagai faktor pengali dalam perhitungan probabilitas kesalahan manusia. Analisis faktor pembentuk kinerja perlu dikembangkan pada skenario kejadian lain untuk selanjutnya digunakan untuk perhitungan dan analisis keandalan manusia yang komprehensif dan perancangan sistem interaksi manusia mesin di ruang kendali. Kata kunci: PSF, HTGR, operator, ruang kendali, keandalan manusia

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Guidance for Human Action Evaluations for External Flood Risk Assessment

Volume 4: Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Coupled Codes; Decontamination and Decommissioning, Radiation Protection, Shielding, and Waste Management; Workforce Development, Nuclear Education and Public Acceptance; Mitigation Strategies for Beyond Design Basis Events; Risk Management ◽

10.1115/icone24-60451 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Raymond E. Schneider ◽

Srinivasa Visweswaran ◽

John Fluehr ◽

H. Alan Hackerott

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Human Action ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Flood Mitigation ◽

Human Reliability Analysis ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Investment Protection ◽

Performance Shaping Factors ◽

Flooding Hazards

For many years external flooding hazards have been recognized as significant contributors to plant risk. However, it was not until the events at Fukushima that there was a concerted effort on the part of the utilities to reassess the plant external flood design basis, identify external flood vulnerabilities and take actions to address them. For many plants, resolution of low probability high consequence floods will likely be addressed by a combination of actions involving enhancements to flood protection and hazard mitigation strategies. Over time, as plants decide on which strategies to apply there is an expectation that the most effective way to develop and justify these strategies will involve probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) concepts. The PRA framework is well suited for performing a human reliability analysis (HRA). Within that framework, HRA evaluations focus on operator and plant staff actions taken in response to plant initiating events (e.g., loss of offsite power, etc.). For many external floods, advance warning of an impending external flood event provides the trigger for pre-emptive manual actions to potentially reconfigure the plant through temporary installation of flood barriers. Unlike the post-initiator actions which tend to be more narrowly focused, these pre-emptive actions are taken in a less controlled environment, may be ad hoc, and may potentially be in competition with site investment protection activities, site evacuation, etc. The purpose of this paper is to define the challenges in defining an approach for treating external flood actions, identifying external flood timelines, identifying the manual actions/organizational environment during external flooding scenarios and proposing an integrated strategy for quantifying those actions. The proposed quantification process is rooted in management science concepts for evaluating project reliability. The overall methodology identifies flood significant performance shaping factors, and identifies three (3) factors, namely time available for flood mitigation, proper access to plant site following flood and environmental factors, as having an overarching impact on the performance shaping factors affecting each of the flood mitigation tasks.

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