scholarly journals The method to estimate 3-D coordinates of lower trunk muscles using orientation angles during a motion

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Young-Tae Lim
Keyword(s):  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Lower Trunk

Application of Principal Components Analysis for Evaluation and Classification of Complex Emg Data

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (13) ◽  
pp. 1147-1151
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Perez ◽  
Maury Nussbaum
Keyword(s):  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Hypothesis Generation ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Biomechanical Models ◽  
Straightforward Method ◽  
Components Analysis

Many biomechanical models used to produce injury risk estimates for the lower trunk require lower trunk muscle forces as inputs. These forces are typically estimated through the use of surface electromyography (sEMG). The variability inherent in sEMG measurements can, and should, be analyzed to determine the possible presence and sources of excessive variation in the data. Principal components analysis (PCA) provides a robust and straightforward method for performing an analysis of the variability of complex sEMG datasets. This paper describes the results obtained from the application of PCA to a dataset consisting of activation levels for several lower trunk muscles. The results demonstrate the value of the technique in identifying clusters of observations in the data and in simplifying the multidimensional dataset. The use of PCA as a hypothesis generation tool is also explored.

scholarly journals Movement Time of Lower Trunk Muscles during Dynamic Postural Control in Response to a Sudden Visual Stimulus during Walking: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 5015
Author(s):  
Jaehyun Jung ◽  
Kewwan Kim ◽  
Sungjae Choi ◽  
Gwangyu Song ◽  
Young Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Age And Sex

Postural control during walking is maintained by the combination of various factors. Among these factors, adjustment of trunk movement is essential for maintaining postural control, and the response of muscles to unpredictable stimuli affects postural control. Loss of balance while walking increases the risk of accidents, the frequency of which depends on age and sex. In this study, we investigated whether there was a difference in the movement time of trunk muscles to sudden stimulation while walking according to age and sex. Fourteen healthy individuals aged 20–30 years (6 men, 8 women) and 12 individuals aged 50–70 years (4 men, 8 women) were included in the study. Movement time of bilateral erector spinae and rectus abdominis muscles in response to visual stimulation during walking was examined using surface electromyography. Movement time was calculated as the total muscle activation time excluding the reaction time. This study revealed no significant differences in movement time of the erector spinae muscles according to sex or age. The role of the rectus abdominis muscles in maintaining posture during walking was insignificant. In conclusion, the movement time of trunk muscles in response to sudden visual stimulation during walking did not differ by age or sex, and the difference in accident frequency may be associated with deterioration of other factors required to maintain posture.

scholarly journals Increased Liveliness of Trunk Muscle Responses in Elite Kayakers and Canoeists

Sports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Andrej Kocjan ◽  
Nejc Šarabon
Keyword(s):  
Standing Position ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Multifidus Muscle ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Stability Functions ◽  
Shoulder Flexion ◽  
Trunk Extension ◽  
Trunk Strength

Trunk stability functions play an important role in sport and everyday movements. The aim of this study was to analyze trunk strength, trunk muscles onset of activity, and rate of electromyographic rise (RER) in the case of self-inflicted and unexpected trunk loading. Thirty-two healthy young adults (16 elite kayakers/canoeists and 16 non-athletes) were measured with a multi-purpose diagnostic machine. Trunk strength was assessed in standing position. Trunk muscles onset of activity and RER were assessed through unexpected loading over the hands and rapid shoulder flexion, respectively. In comparison with non-athletes, kayakers/canoeists did not significantly differ in trunk strength and showed lower trunk extension/flexion strength ratio (p = 0.008). In general, trunk muscles onset of activity did not significantly differ between the groups. On the contrary, kayakers/canoeists showed higher RER mean values in all the observed muscles (p < 0.041), except in multifidus muscle during self-inflicted movements. Similarly, higher RER variability was observed in the majority of the observed muscles among kayakers/canoeists. Higher RER among kayakers/canoeists could represent a protective mechanism that ensures spine stability and prevents low back pain.

Estimation of EMG activity of trunk muscles in manual lifting tasks based on trunk dynamics using the fuzzy relational rule network

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldemar Karwowski ◽  
Adam Gaweda ◽  
William S. Marras ◽  
Kermit Davis ◽  
Jacek Zurada
Keyword(s):  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Manual Lifting

A rare variation in the formation of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus its embryological basis and clinical importance - a case report

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
N Satyanarayana ◽  
R Guha ◽  
P Sunitha ◽  
GN Reddy ◽  
G Praveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Rare Variation ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

Brachial plexus is the plexus of nerves, that supplies the upper limb.Variations in the branches of brachial plexus are common but variations in the roots and trunks are very rare. Here, we report one of the such rare variations in the formations of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus in the right upper limb of a male cadaver. In the present case the lower trunk was formed by the union of ventral rami of C7,C8 and T1 nerve roots. The middle trunk was absent. Upper trunk formation was normal. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal,2011,Vol-6,No-4, 49-52 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v6i4.6727

scholarly journals Asymmetry in Three-Dimensional Sprinting with and without Running-Specific Prostheses

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Anna Lena Emonds ◽  
Katja Mombaur
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Problem Formulation ◽  
Contact Phase ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Floating Base ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
Limb Asymmetry

As a whole, human sprinting seems to be a completely periodic and symmetrical motion. This view is changed when a person runs with a running-specific prosthesis after a unilateral amputation. The aim of our study is to investigate differences and similarities between unilateral below-knee amputee and non-amputee sprinters—especially with regard to whether asymmetry is a distracting factor for sprint performance. We established three-dimensional rigid multibody models of one unilateral transtibial amputee athlete and for reference purposes of three non-amputee athletes. They consist of 16 bodies (head, ipper, middle and lower trunk, upper and lower arms, hands, thighs, shanks and feet/running specific prosthesis) with 30 or 31 degrees of freedom (DOFs) for the amputee and the non-amputee athletes, respectively. Six DOFs are associated with the floating base, the remaining ones are rotational DOFs. The internal joints are equipped with torque actuators except for the prosthetic ankle joint. To model the spring-like properties of the prosthesis, the actuator is replaced by a linear spring-damper system. We consider a pair of steps which is modeled as a multiphase problem with each step consisting of a flight, touchdown and single-leg contact phase. Each phase is described by its own set of differential equations. By combining motion capture recordings with a least squares optimal control problem formulation including constraints, we reconstructed the dynamics of one sprinting trial for each athlete. The results show that even the non-amputee athletes showed less symmetrical sprinting than expected when examined on an individual level. Nevertheless, the asymmetry is much more pronounced in the amputee athlete. The amputee athlete applies larger torques in the arm and trunk joints to compensate the asymmetry and experiences a destabilizing influence of the trunk movement. Hence, the inter-limb asymmetry of the amputee has a significant effect on the control of the sprint movement and the maintenance of an upright body position.

scholarly journals The product of trunk muscle area and density on the CT image is a good indicator of energy expenditure in patients with or at risk for COPD

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Shirahata ◽  
Hideaki Sato ◽  
Sanehiro Yogi ◽  
Kaiji Inoue ◽  
Mamoru Niitsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Trunk Muscle ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Physical inactivity due to cachexia and muscle wasting is well recognized as a sign of poor prognosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there have been no reports on the relationship between trunk muscle measurements and energy expenditure parameters, such as the total energy expenditure (TEE) and physical activity level (PAL), in COPD. In this study, we investigated the associations of computed tomography (CT)-derived muscle area and density measurements with clinical parameters, including TEE and PAL, in patients with or at risk for COPD, and examined whether these muscle measurements serve as an indicator of TEE and PAL. Methods The study population consisted of 36 male patients with (n = 28, stage 1–4) and at risk for (n = 8) COPD aged over 50 years. TEE was measured by the doubly labeled water method, and PAL was calculated as the TEE/basal metabolic rate estimated by the indirect method. The cross-sectional areas and densities of the pectoralis muscles, rectus abdominis muscles, and erector spinae muscles were measured. We evaluated the relationship between these muscle measurements and clinical outcomes, including body composition, lung function, muscle strength, TEE, and PAL. Results All the muscle areas were significantly associated with TEE, severity of emphysema, and body composition indices such as body mass index, fat-free mass, and trunk muscle mass. All trunk muscle densities were correlated with PAL. The product of the rectus abdominis muscle area and density showed the highest association with TEE (r = 0.732) and PAL (r = 0.578). Several trunk muscle measurements showed significant correlations with maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, indicating their roles in respiration. Conclusions CT-derived measurements for trunk muscles are helpful in evaluating physical status and function in patients with or at risk for COPD. Particularly, trunk muscle evaluation may be a useful marker reflecting TEE and PAL.

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