scholarly journals The implementation limitations of and alternative policy solutions for Indonesia's REDD+ program concerning peatland restoration

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Sarah Guzick ◽  
Nicholas Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
The Third ◽  
Oil Market ◽  
Peatland Restoration ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Drying Up ◽  
Policy Solutions ◽  
Weak Rule

Recent increases in global demand for palm oil have resulted in rapid, widespread deforestation in Indonesia, making Indonesia the third largest emitter of greenhouse gases in the world. Although the Indonesian government has sought to pursue progressive environmental policies to curb deforestation, such as through REDD+, implementation has been hampered by legal loopholes, corruption and weak rule of law. This paper will examine two alternative carbon sequestration policies to REDD+: a drying up of the palm oil market and a buy-out of palm oil plantations.

scholarly journals KAPSARC Oil Market Outlook

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
The Third ◽  
Oil Market ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Market Outlook

The global oil market moved into deficit in the third quarter of this year and is expected to remain in deficit during the next eight quarters. We expect the deficit to range between 3.4 – 0.1 million barrels per day (MMb/d) until OPEC ends its cuts in April 2022. The most significant drivers of the shift have been the recovery of global demand and the strong compliance of OPEC members and OPEC partners (OPEC+) with the production cuts agreed by OPEC+ at the group’s historic April meeting.

scholarly journals Migration and Hybrid Political Regimes: Navigating the Legal Landscape in Russia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rustamjon Urinboyev
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Political System ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Political Regimes ◽  
Informal Governance ◽  
The Third ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Weak Rule

While migration has become a vital issue worldwide, mainstream literature on migrants’ legal adaptation and integration has focused on cases in Western-style democracies. We know relatively little about how migrants adapt in the ever-growing hybrid political regimes that are neither clearly democratic nor conventionally authoritarian. This book takes up the case of Russia—the third largest recipient of migrants worldwide—and investigates how Central Asian migrant workers produce new forms of informal governance and legal order. Migrants use the opportunities provided by a weak rule of law and a corrupt political system to navigate the repressive legal landscape and to negotiate, using informal channels, access to employment and other opportunities that are hard to obtain through the official legal framework of their host country. This lively ethnography presents new theoretical perspectives for studying legal incorporation of immigrants in similar political contexts.

scholarly journals Is There a Comprehensive Explanation?

2020 ◽  
pp. 212-236
Author(s):  
Leonardo Morlino
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Democratic Regime ◽  
Lower Side ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
The Third ◽  
Institutional Accountability ◽  
Weak Rule

Thinking over the empirical results, discussed in the previous chapters, we have to acknowledge that there is no direct intertwining between the freedoms and equalities when checking the domestic and external explanations. At the same time, the immediate and strong tension that also emerges in our analysis of freedoms concerns the contradictory demands of citizens about achieving security to cope with terrorism, with security that comes first. When reflecting on the data presented in the previous chapters, we can single out three patterns. The first is balanced democracy, characterized by the attempt of implementing both freedoms and equalities. The second is protest democracy, where the more substantial attention to equality is complemented by different possible types of protest, of a revendicative kind, a weak rule of law and inter-institutional accountability. The third is unaccountable democracy, where there may be relatively higher equality, complemented by weaker freedoms and above all the absence or the weakening of inter-institutional guardians who were relevant in establishing democracy. Corruption may be present along the lower side of the triangle to reinforce both patterns. The last part of the chapter proposes an overview of the literature about the questions addressed in the book. However, as in the published literature, there is no empirical work that addresses our questions, but works that address similar questions concerning equality only, freedom only or also the entire democratic regime.

Good Governance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk Addink
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
National Level ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Modern State ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
The Third ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
Further Development

The pivotal aim of this book is to explain the creation, development, and impact of good governance from a conceptual, principal perspective and in the context of national administrative law. Three lines of reasoning have been worked out: developing the concept of good governance; specification of this concept by developing principles of good governance; and implementation of these principles of good governance on the national level. In this phase of further development of good governance, it is important to have a clear concept of good governance, presented in this book as the third cornerstone of a modern state, alongside the concepts of the rule of law and democracy. That is a rather new national administrative law perspective which is influenced by regional and international legal developments; thus, we can speak about good governance as a multilevel concept. But the question is: how is this concept of good governance further developed? Six principles of good governance (which in a narrower sense also qualify as principles of good administration) have been further specified in a systematic way, from a legal perspective. These are the principles of properness, transparency, participation, effectiveness, accountability, and human rights. Furthermore, the link has been made with integrity standards. The important developments of each of these principles are described on the national level in Europe, but also in countries outside Europe (such as Australia, Canada, and South Africa). This book gives a systematic comparison of the implementation of the principles of good governance between countries.

Prosecutors and National Security

2021 ◽  
pp. 538-558
Author(s):  
Kent Roach
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
National Security ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
The Third ◽  
Relative Rarity ◽  
The Many ◽  
Operational Aspects

This chapter examines the distinct operational and ethical challenges that prosecutors face in national security and especially terrorism cases. The second part of this chapter focuses on the operational challenges that prosecutors face. These include demands for specialization that may be difficult to fulfill given the relative rarity of national security prosecutions; the availability of special investigative powers not normally available in other criminal cases; exceptionally broad and complex offenses; and the demands of federalism and international cooperation. The third part examines ethical and normative challenges that run throughout the many operational aspects of the prosecutorial role in national security cases. These include the challenges of ensuring that often exceptional national security laws are enforced in a manner consistent with the rule of law and human rights. There are also challenges of maintaining an appropriate balance between legitimate claims of secrecy and legitimate demands for disclosure and between maintaining prosecutorial independence and discretion while recognizing the whole of government and whole of society effects of the many difficult decisions that prosecutors must make in national security cases.

scholarly journals An Econometric Analysis of the Link between Biodiesel Demand and Malaysian Palm Oil Market

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shri Dewi A/P Applanaidu ◽  
Fatimah Mohamed Arshad ◽  
Mad Nasir Shamsudin ◽  
Amna Awad Abdel Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Econometric Analysis ◽  
Oil Market

scholarly journals KAPSARC Oil Market Outlook

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Real Gross Domestic Product ◽  
The Third ◽  
Oil Market ◽  
Market Outlook ◽  
Oil Demand ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

Total global oil demand is expected to increase year-on-year (YoY) by 4.2 million barrels per day (MMb/d) in 2021 and further grow by 3.5 MMb/d in 2022, returning to 2019 levels by the third quarter (Q3) 2022. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicts economic growth of around 5.4% in 2021, compared with a decline in real gross domestic product (GDP) in 2020 of -4.4%. However, KOMO estimates a forecast more in line with the OECD’s outlook for growth (4.2%), which presumes that GDP levels will only reach 2019 levels by the end of 2021.

scholarly journals Eroded Rule of Law, Endemic Violence and Social Injustice in Brazil

Lexonomica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-242
Author(s):  
Mitja Kovač ◽  
Marcela Neves Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Crime Rate ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Prison System ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Social Injustice ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Weak Rule

Modern Brazil is plagued by social and economic inequalities, endemic violence, crime, and a weak rule of law. Once these narratives become dependent on each other, all aspects must be worked on to change the scenario the country is facing: insecurity, fear and a lack of opportunities. This paper argues that the unprecedented rise of social injustice in Brazil is not the result of short-term measures but is part of its history marked by economic and social inequalities extending from its colonial past until today and the deficient policies on crime that emerged in the mid-1990s. Moreover, the current massive incarceration, overcrowding of prisons combined with the absence of human living conditions is turning the prison system in Brazil into a gigantic, perpetual school of crime. Investment in education that directly helps to lower the crime rate must be aligned with a new, less repressive and more inclusive punitive policy so as to induce criminals not to return to their unlawful ways. It is suggested that Brazil can only properly develop if efficient legal institutions, the rule of law, and criminal sanctioning based on the principles of social justice are available to all citizens.

scholarly journals Indonesia Rejoining OPEC: Dynamics of the Oil Importer and Exporter Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Badaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Full Membership ◽  
The Third ◽  
Oil Market ◽  
Strategic Context

Reactivation of Indonesia’s full membership to the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) triggered discussion surrounding global petroleum governance. The country which decided to suspend its full membership at the end of 2008, currently labelled as net oil importer. However, in OPEC terms Indonesia never really left, instead of the organization termed it as a "suspension”. Departing from the abovementioned context and perspectives, purpose of this essay is to answer the questions about the significance of the Indonesia’s membership reactivation to OPEC, and the strategic context of the reactivation in the current global oil market. In answering these questions, this article draws the dynamics of the relation of Indonesia and OPEC through the history in the first part and explores Indonesia’s interests in rejoining OPEC in the second one. In the third part, this essay will explore the possible benefit for OPEC as an organization as well as for its member countries could achieve by approving Indonesia’s request to reactivate its membership, despite its status as a net oil importer.

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