scholarly journals Neurosurgery in the Dutch Antilles: A minireview of recent developments

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-21
Author(s):  
Elian Dos SantosRubio ◽  
I.S.J. Merkies
Keyword(s):  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Southern Caribbean ◽  
Saint Martin ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
Cultural Composition

  Curaçao is an island in the Southern Caribbean Sea, which formed part of the Dutch Antilles and Aruba, Bonaire, part of Saint Martin, Saba, and Statia. Aruba was the first country of the Dutch Antilles to dissolute in 1986 (1). On October 10th of 2010, Curaçao and Saint Martin also became constituent countries within the Dutch kingdom. Bonaire, Saba, and Statia became “special municipalities,” also known as administrative divisions, within the Dutch state (2). Curaçao is the biggest of the six islands, with an area of 444 km2/ 171.4 sq.mi, situated 65 km (40mi) north of the Venezuelan coast (3). Curaçao is of multi-cultural composition (mainly Afro-Caribbean) and has three official languages; Papiamentu, Dutch, and English. Spanish is widely spoken on the island as well.3 It has a little less the 160,000 inhabitants (4).  

Modelling the transport of sediment discharged by Colombian rivers to the southern Caribbean Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Devis-Morales ◽  
Efraín Rodríguez-Rubio ◽  
Raúl Andrés Montoya-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Southern Caribbean

scholarly journals Controls of Caribbean surface hydrology during the mid- to late Holocene: insights from monthly resolved coral records

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 841-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Giry ◽  
T. Felis ◽  
M. Kölling ◽  
W. Wei ◽  
G. Lohmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Surface Currents ◽  
Surface Hydrology ◽  
Multidecadal Variability ◽  
Southern Caribbean ◽  
The Caribbean

Abstract. Several proxy-based and modeling studies have investigated long-term changes in Caribbean climate during the Holocene, however, very little is known on its variability on short timescales. Here we reconstruct seasonality and interannual to multidecadal variability of sea surface hydrology of the southern Caribbean Sea by applying paired coral Sr/Ca and δ18O measurements on fossil annually banded Diploria strigosa corals from Bonaire. This allows for better understanding of seasonal to multidecadal variability of the Caribbean hydrological cycle during the mid- to late Holocene. The monthly resolved coral Δδ18O records are used as a proxy for the oxygen isotopic composition of seawater (δ18Osw) of the southern Caribbean Sea. Consistent with modern day conditions, annual δ18Osw cycles reconstructed from three modern corals reveal that freshwater budget at the study site is influenced by both net precipitation and advection of tropical freshwater brought by wind-driven surface currents. In contrast, the annual δ18Osw cycle reconstructed from a mid-Holocene coral indicates a sharp peak towards more negative values in summer, suggesting intense summer precipitation at 6 ka BP (before present). In line with this, our model simulations indicate that increased seasonality of the hydrological cycle at 6 ka BP results from enhanced precipitation in summertime. On interannual to multidecadal timescales, the systematic positive correlation observed between reconstructed sea surface temperature and salinity suggests that freshwater discharged from the Orinoco and Amazon rivers and transported into the Caribbean by wind-driven surface currents is a critical component influencing sea surface hydrology on these timescales.

scholarly journals The curious case of legal translation

Literator ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Cornelius
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Department Of Justice ◽  
Constitutional Development ◽  
Legal Translation ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Legal Competence ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
Legislative Language

This article explores the nature and scope of legal translation which is an under-researched area in South Africa. In this article the author predicts that the demand for competent legal translators will increase in the future, evidenced by a recent call by the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development(DoJ&CD), inviting applications for ten positions for “legislative language practitioners”. However, legal translation differs substantially from general translation in the sense that legal translation is subject to heavy restrictions at all levels and legal considerations are of paramount importance in a country such as South Africa, which provides for eleven official languages. Legal translation involves different legal languages, different legal systems and different cultural systems that require specialised knowledge and skills of the translator. The aim of this article is to investigate the core competencies and skills the legal translator must have; to consider the balance between legal competence and translation or linguistic competence; and to propose a discourse-analytical method of source text analysis, developed by Bhatia as a simplification strategy, as this may be a powerful tool in the training of legal translators in South Africa. Recent developments in South Africa relating to the Department of Arts and Culture’s obligation to translate legislation into all official languages, have important consequences for legal translation in general and the training of legal translators in particular.

scholarly journals Predation Tactics of Trumpetfish in Midwater

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Auster
Keyword(s):  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Habitat Patches ◽  
Netherlands Antilles ◽  
Southern Caribbean ◽  
Hunting Tactics ◽  
Predator Behavior

Predators are known to modify hunting tactics in response to local conditions to exploit prey of different species, densities or position within habitat patches. I describe three unusual prey hunting tactics used by trumpetfish (Aulostomus maculatus) distributed in midwater above reefs off Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles, in the southern Caribbean Sea. Hunting behaviors were focused on dense feeding aggregations of brown chromis (Chromis multilineata) and were categorized as: (1) slow horizontal following, (2) vertical hovering or drift, and (3) diagonal cross encounters where trumpetfish descended diagonally through the water while adjusting trajectory to encounter target prey. Understanding variation in predator behavior and ambit, in this case vertical ambit, adds to our knowledge of how predators adapt to unique local opportunities to exploit prey.

“More languages means more lights in your house”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Davis ◽  
Susan Ballinger ◽  
Mela Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
French Immersion ◽  
Refugee Resettlement ◽  
Immersion Programs ◽  
Diverse Student ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
Statistics Canada

Abstract French immersion programs throughout Canada have historically consisted of predominantly Anglophone populations pursuing bilingualism in the country’s two official languages, English and French. Nevertheless, recent developments in immigration and refugee resettlement have contributed to increasingly diverse student backgrounds nationwide (Statistics Canada, 2014). Researchers have explored the motivation for Allophone families to pursue FSL in Canada (Dagenais & Berron, 2001; Dagenais & Jacquet, 2000; Mady, 2010); the language proficiency of Allophone learners in FSL programs (Bérubé & Marinova-Todd, 2012; Carr, 2007; Mady, 2015); and the perspectives of FSL educators with respect to such learners (Mady, 2016; Mady & Masson, 2018; Roy, 2015). The present study draws from interview data to explore and compare the experiences and perspectives of seven Allophone parents and 43 FI educators in Saskatchewan. In the present article, we examine the perspectives of FI educators, the experiences of Allophone families, and the implications for immersion programs worldwide.

Covering the Mummies at the Manchester Museum: A Discussion of Authority, Authorship, and Agendas in the Human Remains Debate

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Exell
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Public Consultation ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Consultation Process ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
Subject Specialist

From 2006 to 2009, Manchester Museum, University of Manchester, UK, was one of the leading institutions promoting the debate surrounding the ethics of preserving and displaying the dead in museums. The discussion in this chapter analyses the activities of Manchester Museum in relation to human remains within the context of a critical assessment of recent developments in museum practice and the continuing cultural significance of the museum. In particular, the discussion will pay particular attention to the omission of any acknowledgement of the individuals responsible for exhibitions and related events, i.e. the authors of its public discourse. Two case studies will be used to illustrate the discussion: the exhibition, Lindow Man: A Bog Body Mystery (2008–9), and the incident of the ‘covering the mummies’ in April 2008 where three of the twelve Egyptian embalmed bodies on display were fully covered, resulting in a public outcry (Jenkins 2011a; Exell 2013a). Both the exhibition and the ‘covering the mummies’ formed part of a series of high-profile activities related to human remains that took place at Manchester Museum at this time. At the time, I was in post as Curator of Egyptology, and this discussion also illustrates the changing role of subject-specialist curators in relation to exhibition production and other aspects of a museum’s public communications (see Farrar 2004). … ‘There are, as far as we know, no a priori reasons for supposing that scientists’ scientific practice is any more rational than that of outsiders.’ (Latour and Woolgar 1986: 29) ‘Another word for “local knowledges” is prejudice.’ (Sokal 2008: 108)… Working on the public consultation process during the period 2008–10 for the new archaeology and ancient Egypt galleries at Manchester Museum, opened as the Ancient Worlds galleries in October 2012, the general lack of understanding of the exhibition and gallery development process amongst museum visitors became evident. From discussions with participants in the various consultation events (Exell and Lord 2008; Exell 2013a,b), it emerged that people in the institution either regarded the decision-making process as being the sole responsibility of the most relevant subject-specialist curator, or somehow the result of a monolithic and neutral institutional mind (Arnold 1998: 191).

Mangrove carbon sustains artisanal fish and other estuarine consumers in a major mangrove area of the southern Caribbean Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
LA Sandoval Londoño ◽  
JE Mancera-Pineda ◽  
J Leal-Flórez ◽  
JF Blanco-Libreros ◽  
A Delgado-Huertas
Keyword(s):  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Mangrove Area ◽  
Southern Caribbean
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