scholarly journals IN VITRO REGENERATION OF ARUNDINA GRAMINIFOLIA (D. DON) HOCHR

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharone gladies E ◽  
Chithra Devi B. S
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Asymbiotic Seed Germination ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Arundina Graminifolia ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

We can see Orchids come in a wide variety of shapes, sizes, colours, and textures far beyond the human mind’s imagination. They emerge from seeds in nature, but in the absence of suitable hosts, they do not germinate in sufficient numbers. This problem was solved by using the tissue culture technique for its germination. One of the successful method used for mass propogation of orchid plantlets is in vitro techniques. Therefore, an initial analysis was conducted in order to establish an appropriate procedure for mass multiplication of Arundina graminifolia. MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium was found to be suitable for the asymbiotic seed germination of Arundina graminifolia. Direct protocorm like bodies were induced by using combinations and individual supplement of MS medium with IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid), IBA (Indole-3- butyric acid), BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) and KIN (Kinetin). Hormone-free MS basal medium was found suitable for the conversion of PLBs (protocorm-like bodies) into complete plantlets

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration protocol for artificial seed production in an important medicinal plant Mentha arvensis L

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
MA Bari
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mentha Arvensis ◽  
Artificial Seed ◽  
Artificial Seed Production

Context: The application of encapsulated shoot tips and nodal segments may contribute to the protection of rare and threatened medicinal plants. Although the artificial seed technique has been reported for more than two decades, for medicinal plants this method has not been developed sufficiently. The main limitations in conventional propagation of some species with medicinal value are: reduced endosperm, low germination rate and seedless varieties. The above mentioned reasons indicate the need for the production of artificial seeds as a technique which combines the advantages of clonal multiplication with those of seed propagation and storage. Objectives: The objective of the present investigation was to standardize artificial seed production technology taking shoot tip and nodal explants in Mentha arvensis and its in vitro regeneration Materials and Methods: Sodium alginate beads were produced by encapsulation of shoot tip and nodal segments of the plant M. arvensis. MS medium was used as basal medium with agar and sodium alginate was used as gelling agent accompanied by CaCl2 solution. Results: Different concentrations and combinations of BAP, Kin and NAA were used in alginate bead in MS basal medium. Among the different concentrations of phytohormone, highest 80% of shoot formation was observed in MS medium containing 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.2 mg/l NAA from nodal segments of M. arvensis. Highest average number of shoot 9.87 ± 0.58 formation was obtained in the same medium but highest length of shoot 6.27 ± 0.29 cm was found in the medium having 1.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA. Conclusion: The present investigation clearly established and demonstrated the method of obtaining the artificial seed production in M. arvensis supported by different hormone concentrations DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v20i0.17722 J. bio-sci.  20:  99-108, 2012

scholarly journals In-vitro Regeneration from Direct and Indirect Organogenesis of Crescentia alata Kunth an Important Multipurpose Medicinal Tree

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
R. Abinaya
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Organogenesis ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Indirect Organogenesis ◽  
Medicinal Tree ◽  
Short Period ◽  
In Vitro Clonal Propagation

In this present work, an in-vitro regeneration protocol for Crescentia alata (C. alata) was developed using various explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) for direct and indirect regeneration. The direct organogenesis was established from nodes and internodes on MS medium supplemented with cytokinins and auxins. The indirect organogenesis via callus phase was obtained from leaf, nodes and internodes on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of PGRs. The high frequency shoot organogenesis were achieved directly from nodal explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BAP+0.5 mg/L KIN +1.0 mg/L NAA. Indirect organogenesis callogenic frequency was optimized at the concentration of MS medium containing 1.0 mg/L BAP + 5.0 mg/L IAA. The callus was obtained from all the explants were used, among these explants internodal explants gave best result on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinins and auxins for indirect organogenesis experiment. Indirect organogenesis the highest number of shoot regeneration was obtained in MS Basal Medium with 4.0 mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L KIN + 2.0 mg/L NAA from internodal explants. For root formation the regenerative shoots which were sub cultured on MS medium containing different ratios of auxins. The rooted plantlets were transferred successfully to the pots containing sterilized soil and were successfully hardened at greenhouse condition for 20 days then exposed to the natural environment. This is the first successful micropropagation report of an efficient and rapid in-vitro clonal propagation protocol for C. alata by direct and indirect shoot organogenesis through various explants, which can be employed for conservation of this important medicinal tree species as well as the utilization of an biologically important active biomolecules. This protocol can be very useful to obtain plants from various explants, without the requirement of meristematic regions, enabling the obtainment of a higher number of plants in short period.

scholarly journals Ethnobotany and In vitro regeneration of Acorus calamus L. (Acoraceae): a high valued medicinal and economic plant

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1566
Author(s):  
Jintu Sarma* ◽  
Pratibha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Axillary Bud ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Economic Plant ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Acorus calamus L. is a species of enormous medicinal and economic importance. In vitro propagation of this plant was achieved using axillary bud explant. In the present investigation, naturally grown axillary bud and rhizome explants were cultured on standard MS and B5 medium supplemented with different concentration and combination of cytokinines and auxines. The best shoot proliferation was observed in MS medium containing Kn (1.0mg/l) +IBA (0.5mg/l) with 3.33±0.58 nos. of Shoots, 7.33±0.58 nos. of roots and 15.33±0.58 nos. leaves. In B5 medium best results found in Kn (1.5mg/) + NAA (1.0mg/l) with 2.67±0.58 nos. shoots, 3.67±0.58 nos. of roots and11.67±0.58 nos. of leaves. They were then transplanted in soil: sand: cow dung mixture (1:1:2) and kept in shade for 4 to 5 weeks and then transferred to field for one month. Survival rate was found 80 % in MS medium and 100 % in B5 medium. The present investigation was carried out with a view to standardize an in vitro culture technique for mass propagation of this important medicinal plant species and was found successful.

scholarly journals In Vitro Regeneration of Cephalotus follicularis

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Yun Ko ◽  
Tsai-Yun Lin ◽  
Chin-Wen Ho ◽  
Jei-Fu Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

To establish a mass micropropagation procedure for Cephalotus follicularis, the effects of varying the strengths of solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium were investigated using subcultured shoot explants. After a 60-day primary culture from root mass, the regenerated shoot explants were subcultured every 60 days in solid MS medium. To facilitate shoot proliferation, liquid MS medium was applied with or without exogenous auxin and cytokinin. Our results demonstrate that shoot proliferation and survival of C. follicularis is most effective in modified MS (MMS) medium containing one-fifth or one-tenth strength macronutrients and full-strength micronutrients. Successful shoot proliferation and development of C. follicularis explants were obtained in one-fifth or one-tenth modified liquid MS medium without auxin and cytokinin or with addition of 5 μM indole 3-acetic acid/1 μM N6-benzyladenine for 45 days. The liquid medium consistently produced more explants than the solid medium and shortened the culturing time. Plantlets cultured in hormone-free one-fifth MMS medium developed greater root systems. Using the liquid culture we established, vigorous plants with extensive roots were obtained within 4 months. Plant survival in the greenhouse reached 100%.

scholarly journals Optimization of Regeneration Protocol of Rice from Embryo Derived Callus

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
N Kamal ◽  
KM Nasuruddin ◽  
MS Haque ◽  
S Yasmin
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Regeneration Frequency ◽  
Root Regeneration ◽  
Maximum Root ◽  
High Frequency Transformation

An efficient and reproducible protocol for in vitro regeneration is required to achieve high frequency transformation from transformed calli. We report here high frequency plant regeneration from mature embryonic calli of two BINA rice cultivars Binasail and Binadhan-4. Embryonic calllus initiated on MS basal medium supplemented with 2 mg/l 2, 4-D. Several media with different combinations of growth regulators were tried. Maximum shoot regeneration frequency (63.33%) was observed in Binadhan-4 on MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/l Kinetin + 0.5 mg/l NAA. Maximum root regeneration frequency (70.00%) was observed in Binadhan-4 on MS medium supplemented with 6 mg/l Kinetin + 0.5 mg/l NAA. Well developed plantlets were hardened and transferred to the glasshouse.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.17461 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 25 - 33, 2007

scholarly journals In Vitro Regeneration of Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) from Cotyledonary Node Explants

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diriba Tesfaye ◽  
Kassahun Bantte ◽  
Tewodros Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration Capacity ◽  
Grass Pea ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Shoot Initiation ◽  
Shoot Number

Full potential of grass pea has not been utilized because of the presence of the neurotoxin amino acid β-N-oxalyl-L-αβ -diaminopropionic acid (ODAP/BOAA). Conventional breeding and other approaches have not been successful in reducing the toxin. Integration of in vitro techniques can contribute significantly to meet the challenge. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro regeneration capacity of grass pea genotypes. Shoot initiation, multiplication and rooting of IVAT-LS-690 were conducted using completely randomized design with five replications. Genotypes were treated with BAP and NAA for shoot initiation while BAP and Kn Combination were used for multiplication. Different concentrations of IBA and IAA were used for rooting. Shoot proliferation percentage was the highest (100%) for IVAT-LS-690,on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with 2.0 mg/l BAP +0.1 mg/lNAA.For in vitro shoot multiplication, best results were obtained on concentrations of 3mg/l BAP+1mg/l Kn with maximum shoot number per explants (11.5). High number of roots per shoot (6) and percent of rooted shoot (86.66%) were obtained from ½ MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l IBA. This study inferred that both genotype and BAP levels play a crucial role for shoot regeneration capacity and the optimum hormonal combination for grass pea is genotype specific.

scholarly journals Conservation of an endemic medicinal plant, Anaphalis eliptica DC. by employing plant tissue culture technique

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Senthilkumar ◽  
S. Paulsamy
Keyword(s):  
Basal Medium ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Endemic Medicinal Plant ◽  
Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Shoot Tip Explants ◽  
The Western Ghats

The plant species, Anaphalis elliptica DC. (Asteraceae) is a medicinal herb endemic to high hills of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, the Western Ghats. The in vitro propagation study of this species by using leaf, node and shoot tip explants, revealed the following results: Among the three explants used, leaf and node responded well for callus and shoot initiations respectively. The leaf explant produced callus effectively (91%) in the MS medium supplemented with BAP and NAA at 2.5 and 0.3 mg/l respectively, whereas the nodal explant produced higher amount of shoots (92%) in the basal medium containing the growth regulator, BAP alone at 3.0 mg/l. The leaf derived callus produced higher (80%) shoot initials and shoot multiplication in the MS medium augmented with BAP and NAA at 3.0 and 0.5mg/l respectively. Similarly, the in vitro nodal derived shoots produced higher shoot multiplication (87%) in MS medium supplemented with BAP at 3.0mg/l. The regenerated shoots of both the explants were successfully rooted on MS medium supplemented with IBA and NAA at 1.0mg/l each. After sequential hardening the leaf callus derived plantlets registered higher survivability rate (80%) in the hardening medium containing decomposed coir waste, perlite and compost in the ratio of 1:1:1 by volume. Similarly, the survivability rate of nodal derived plantlets was higher (84%) in the hardening medium composed by vermicompost and soil in the ratio of 1:1 by volume.

scholarly journals Ascorbic Acid Controls Lethal Browning and Pluronic F-68 Promotes High-frequency Multiple Shoot Regeneration from Cotyldonary Node Explant of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irshad ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
Biswojit Debnath ◽  
Muhammad Anwar ◽  
Min Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Cotyledonary Node ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Multiple Shoot Regeneration

The regeneration frequency of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is greatly influenced by its genetic makeup and recalcitrant nature. Phenolic secretion, in particular, is a major problem in okra tissue culture. This study describes a reproducible, rapid, and more efficient in vitro regeneration method using cotyledonary node explants of okra. Explants were incubated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different concentrations and combinations of various plant growth regulators (PGRs) [benzyladenine (BA), thidiazuron (TDZ), and α-naphthylacetic acid (NAA)], and regeneration enhancers [silver nitrate (AgNO3) and Pluronic F-68]. Cut ends of cotyledonary node segments rapidly turned brown and cultures failed to establish. Antibrowning additives, such as activated charcoal (AC), ascorbic acid (AA), and AgNO3 at various concentrations in PGR-free MS basal medium were tested for their ability to control phenolic secretion from explants. Among these additives, 15 mg·L−1 AA was found to be optimal for controlling phenolic secretion, resulting in healthy explants and culture establishment. The highest number of shoots (a mean of 9.3 ± 0.9 shoots per cotyledonary node explant) was obtained on MS media containing 0.5 mg·L−1 NAA + 1 mg·L−1 TDZ + 0.1% Pluronic F-68. Individual shoots were elongated on MS medium + 1 mg·L−1 BA + 0.1 mg·L−1 gibberellic acid (GA3) (shoot length 5.3 ± 0.2 cm) and rooted on ½ MS medium + 1 mg·L−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 200 mg·L−1 AC (5.3 ± 0.2 roots per shoot). Rooted plantlets were acclimatized in plastic pots inside a plant growth chamber at 25 ± 2 °C and 70% relative humidity, with an 80% survival rate. This optimized protocol can be used for producing transgenic plants of commercial okra cultivars through genetic transformation.

scholarly journals Lippia graveolens (Lamiales: Verbenaceae) and Oryganum vulgare (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) obtained by means of the in vitro propagation technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María A. Aguilar Morales ◽  
Armandina De la Cruz Olvera ◽  
E. Archundia-Garduño ◽  
Rosy G. Cruz Monterrosa ◽  
Mayra Díaz-Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Objective: The objective of this study was to establish the method of propagation of Oryganum vulgare and Lippia graveolens employing a plant tissue culture technique that decreased the phenolization percentages and increased the multiplication coefficients. Design/ methodology/ approach: The in vitro germination percentage was evaluated in both MS and MS medium + activated carbon. Microcuttings (small shoots) of both species were established in base medium added with different antioxidant agents to decrease the phenolization of explants; the treatments were arranged in a completely randomized block  design. For the propagation phase, a completely randomized factorial design was used, where the auxin/cytokinin phytoregulators, type of explants (axillary buds and leaves), and the species (Lippia graveolens and Oryganum vulgare)  were considered as factors. Results: maximum germination (63.3% ±12.5) was obtained on day 15 ​​in both culture media for L. graveolens and O. vulgare. The use of antioxidant agents mainly activated carbon, increased the in vitro establishment and activation of vegetative buds in both species by up to 90%. There were significant differences in the variables evaluated regarding the treatments, the explant, and the species in the multiplication phase. The combination 1.0/ 0.5 mg L-1 BA/AIB induces callus formation for both species. When used as leaf explants, callus formation was potentiated. Study Limitations / Implications: The results presented are advances from a long-term experiment. Findings/conclusions: The germination of L. graveolens seeds can be achieved in MS medium after 15 days. Microcuttings of both L. graveolens and O. vulgare were successfully established in MS basal medium enriched with 1 g L-1 charcoal that showed low oxidation percentages and induced up to 90% the production of shoots in the explants. The mixture of 1.0/0.5 mg L-1 BA/AIB induces callus formation for both species; when this medium is in contact with leaves as an explant, its formation is potentiated, achieving diameters up to 15 mm. In order to achieve the induction of shoots and roots, buds should be established in MS medium enriched with 0.5 mg L-1 IBA for both species; this mixture encreased the multiplication coefficients

scholarly journals In vitro clonal propagation of Nyctanthes arbortristis Linn. − a medicinal tree

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rout G ◽  
A. Mahato ◽  
K. Senapati S
Keyword(s):  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Medicinal Tree ◽  
Axillary Meristems ◽  
In Vitro Clonal Propagation ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Rapid shoot multiplication of Nyctanthes arbortristis was achieved from axillary meristems on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 1.0−1.5 mg/l 6-benzyladenine (BA), 50 mg/l adenine sulfate (Ads) and 3% (m/v) sucrose. Inclusion of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the culture medium along with BA + Ads promoted a higher rate of shoot multiplication. Maximum mean number of microshoots per explant (6.65) was achieved on the MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l BA, 50 mg/l Ads and 0.1 mg/l IAA after 4 weeks of culture. The elongated shoots rooted within 13 to 14 days on ½ strength MS medium supplemented either with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), IAA or naphtylacetic acid (NAA) with 2% sucrose. Maximum percentage of rooting was obtained on medium having 0.25 mg/l IBA, 0.1 mg/l IAA and 2% sucrose. About 70% of rooted plantlets survived in the greenhouse. The in vitro raised plants were grown normally in the soil condition. This result will facilitate the conservation and propagation of the important medicinal plant.

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