Crafting Citizens

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Van Horn
Keyword(s):  
George Washington ◽  
The Revolution

This chapter explores the wooden legs donned by American male amputees after the Revolution through the only example known to survive: the prosthesis worn by politician Gouverneur Morris. Amputees’ bodily lack frightened America’s leaders, who sought to establish a self-sufficient male citizenry capable of heading households. Period associations of disability with poor morality also compromised amputees. Morris’s peg leg was manufactured by a Philadelphia cabinetmaker and allowed him to replenish his morality by borrowing the style of elite furniture. Moreover, Morris’s leg responded to fears that male amputation was akin to castration by supplementing his virility. Morris claimed that his prosthesis provided an example for other republicans, including new president George Washington, of how moderate consumption of goods could enhance civility. Morris’s success is evident in the choice to let him model for Jean-Antoine Houdon’s statue of George Washington.

scholarly journals Fake news for the American Revolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-267
Author(s):  
Eric Shiraev
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
General Theory ◽  
American Revolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fake News ◽  
George Washington ◽  
Public Figure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
The Revolution

Abstract The case of the false letters attributed to George Washington—the first president of the United States—serves as a classical example of character attacks conducted with the help of “fake news”. The fake letters attributed to Washington were allegedly intercepted in 1776. The seven letters were addressed to Washington’s relatives and to a friend. This alleged Washington’s correspondence revealed his serious character flaws, indecisiveness, remorse, his sympathies toward Britain, as well as his wavering commitment to the revolution. These attacks attempted not only to discredit a major public figure and hurt him emotionally but also, feasibly, generate a public scandal and thus achieve or further certain political goals such as winning a military conflict. This article demonstrates whether and how this case fits into the general theory of character assassination and ultimately suggests that many forms, methods, and responses to character attacks remain consistent throughout the ages.

George Rogers Clark and William Croghan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwynne Tuell Potts
Keyword(s):  
River Valley ◽  
Ohio River ◽  
Ohio River Valley ◽  
George Washington ◽  
Old Northwest ◽  
Continental Army ◽  
Northwest Territory ◽  
New Nation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Revolution

This is a story of greed, adventure and settlement; of causes won and lost. The book’s theme is eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century conflict and settlement in the Ohio River valley, told within the context of the national and international events that led to the American Revolution and guided Kentucky’s postwar future.“Colonel” George Croghan serves as the exemplar of Britain’s trans-Appalachian experience. The Revolution was fought in three theaters; the northern belonged to George Washington, and among his officers was Croghan’s nephew, Major William Croghan. The major joined the southern theater at the moment the Continental Army surrendered to Britain in Charleston. The third theater was the Revolution in the West, and its leader was Virginia colonel, later general, George Rogers Clark, whose vision secured the old Northwest Territory for the new nation. Taken together, the war adventures of Clark and Croghan epitomize the American course of the Revolution. Croghan and Clark arrived at the Falls of the Ohio River after the Revolutionto survey the land that served as payment for Virginia’s soldiers. Clark, however, regularly was called by Virginia and the federal government to secure peace in the Ohio River valley, leading to his financial ruin and emotional decline. Croghan, his partner and brother-in-law, remained at Clark’s side throughout it all, even as he prospered in the new world they had fought to create, while Clark languished.

American Honor

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Bruce Smith
Keyword(s):  
American Revolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Thomas Jefferson ◽  
Benjamin Franklin ◽  
George Washington ◽  
John Adams ◽  
Revolutionary Era ◽  
Free African Americans ◽  
Fundamental Shift ◽  
The Revolution

The American Revolution was not only a revolution for liberty and freedom, it was also a revolution of ethics, reshaping what colonial Americans understood as “honor” and “virtue.” As Craig Bruce Smith demonstrates, these concepts were crucial aspects of Revolutionary Americans’ ideological break from Europe and shared by all ranks of society. Focusing his study primarily on prominent Americans who came of age before and during the Revolution—notably John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and George Washington—Smith shows how a colonial ethical transformation caused and became inseparable from the American Revolution, creating an ethical ideology that still remains. By also interweaving individuals and groups that have historically been excluded from the discussion of honor—such as female thinkers, women patriots, slaves, and free African Americans—Smith makes a broad and significant argument about how the Revolutionary era witnessed a fundamental shift in ethical ideas. This thoughtful work sheds new light on a forgotten cause of the Revolution and on the ideological foundation of the United States.

Forensic Identifications Aided by Scanning Electron Microscopy of Silicone-Epoxy Microreplicas of Calcified and Cornified Structures

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 678-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.F. Sognnaes
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
George Washington ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
Extended Application ◽  
Tissue Surfaces ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Surface Changes

Sufficient experience has been gained during the past five years to suggest an extended application of microreplication and scanning electron microscopy to problems of forensic science. The author's research was originally initiated with a view to develop a non-destructive method for identification of materials that went into objects of art, notably ivory and ivories. This was followed by a very specific application to the identification and duplication of the kinds of materials from animal teeth and tusks which two centuries ago went into the fabrication of the ivory dentures of George Washington. Subsequently it became apparent that a similar method of microreplication and SEM examination offered promise for a whole series of problems pertinent to art, technology and science. Furthermore, what began primarily as an application to solid substances has turned out to be similarly applicable to soft tissue surfaces such as mucous membranes and skin, even in cases of acute, chronic and precancerous epithelial surface changes, and to post-mortem identification of specific structures pertinent to forensic science.

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