Conclusion

Black Market ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 184-200
Author(s):  
Aaron Carico
Keyword(s):  
Black Americans ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
Great Migration ◽  
Racial Capitalism ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Great Migration

The conclusion turns to the trap of the ghetto where Black Americans found themselves caught in the wake of the Great Migration, on the brink of another reformation in U.S. slave racial capitalism. Linking the racial geography of these spaces to the history of slave racial capitalism, it outlines the colonialism inherent in segregation, from zoning laws to slumming to the Bronx “slave markets.” It connects the ghetto to the plantation and to the rise of the prison and mass incarceration, ending with the Watts uprising of 1965 and the call for total abolition.

Epilogue

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendra Taira Field
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
Great Migration ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Great Migration ◽  
Image Fit ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Back To Africa

“Grandpa went back to Africa with Garvey,” my grandmother recalled. I carried this precious refrain into the archives with me. In Garvey’s place, I found Chief Sam, in the black and Indian borderlands of Oklahoma. While the Great Migration had largely displaced the preceding history of black rural emigration at the nadir, so had Garveyism displaced descendants’ memories of the Chief Sam movement. Meanwhile, scholars portrayed the movement as the product of a single charismatic charlatan and his nameless, faceless followers. Relying almost exclusively on U.S. sources and the memories of those “left behind” in an economically depressed and politically repressed Jim Crow Oklahoma, the only book-length study of the movement, written in the 1950s, argued that the Chief Sam movement illustrated “the desperate hopes of an utterly desperate group of people.” The image fit easily with twentieth-century American tropes of black victimhood and criminality....

Richard Wright and the Black Metropolis: From the Great Migration to the Urban Planning Novel

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-680
Author(s):  
Bo McMillan
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Chicago School ◽  
Great Migration ◽  
Paul Laurence Dunbar ◽  
Native Son ◽  
Black Metropolis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Great Migration

Abstract Early twentieth-century Black literature on the city from the likes of Paul Laurence Dunbar, James Weldon Johnson, and Nella Larsen pondered questions of what it meant to be Black and urbane and also how to reformulate Black identity from a new position removed from the violent history of the South. While hints of criticism toward northern segregation appeared in those early works, Richard Wright’s Native Son (1940) offered the first intensive prognostication and condemnation of the ad hoc, discriminatory, and de facto system of segregation appearing in cities like Chicago in response to the Great Migration and used Wright’s informal study of sociology with the Chicago school to animate its project. Native Son, for all of its flaws, first considered how narrative can help explain and unspool the “neutral and egalitarian” guise behind the truly discriminatory urban planning-related practices and policies—from real estate to neighborhood covenants to zoning—that grew up with the start of the twentieth century and that continue to impact American cities through today.

Islam in American Prisons

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Van Baalen
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Black Americans ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
Black American ◽  
Correctional Staff ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Conversion To Islam ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sunni Islam ◽  
Black Muslim

This chapter explores the gradual legitimization of the beliefs and practices of Islam in US prisons, analyzing the factors that led to the pronounced shift from “Black Muslim” to Sunni Islam over a fifty-five-year period (mid-1950s‒2010). An understanding of the history of prison Islam offers insights into the motivation of black Americans to embrace Islam and the reasons why correctional staff and the general public are suspicious of incarcerated Muslims. Program accommodations to protect prisoners’ religious rights are described to enhance the understanding of the complexities involved in providing a rich experience of Islam during incarceration and preparing prisoners for entry into the wider community of global Islam upon their release. A brief analysis of interactions between various factions—immigrant, black American, Sunni, Shia, Sufi, Salafi, and Wahhabi clarifies issues related to prison conversion to Islam and to the perceived extremist threat created by the mass incarceration of under-educated and marginalized. Muslim prisoners.

scholarly journals THE HUNS AND THE GREAT MIGRATION IN EUROPE

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K.T. Zhumagulov ◽  
◽  
R.O. Sadykova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
World History ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Great Migration ◽  
The West ◽  
European Continent ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Great Migration

The IV-VII centuries entered the history of Eurasia and Europe as the era of the Great Migration. The current isolation of the Great Migration as a transitional historical period is especially important. It allows not only an investigation of the specific history of the Great Migration as it mostly is in the historical literature but also proves that the Great Migration was a turning point in world history. It started with the Huns’ union of tribes from the depths of Central Asia and culminated with the invasion of the west of the European continent. Since that time we have seen the synthesis and the integration of social relationships, cultures and traditions of tribes and peoples in the Eurasian space.

Violence work: policing and power

Race & Class ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micol Seigel
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
The State ◽  
Racial Capitalism ◽  
Human Scale ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military

Present ad hoc outcries about police excesses such as shootings of young black men on the streets and mass incarceration miss the point about the nature and role of the police, argues the author. Coining her own counter-category, ‘violence work’, she shows how the police carry out violence work for the state; policing being the quintessential translation of state power. In a considered argument taking in the history of colonial policing, the development of racial capitalism and US foreign intervention, the article discusses a number of fallacies about policing: that it is civilian and distinguishable from the military; that it is a public service rather than a private endeavour; and that it is locally based and municipally controlled. Policing is in fact the human-scale expression of the state. She discusses a number of state theorists from Adam Smith, to Poulantzas, Foucault, Agamben and Hall and contemplates the role of the state to the market. The piece lifts the assumptions about public safety, state/private sector, place and scale to reveal the ideological landscape that legitimates state-market violence.

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