scholarly journals Duodenal metastasis of breast invasive carcinoma of no special type: a rare presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-380
Author(s):  
M Mascarenhas Saraiva ◽  
T Ribeiro ◽  
A.R. Coelho ◽  
R Silva ◽  
A.C. Real ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lobular Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Epidermal Growth

The authors read with attention the case report by Vande Berg and coworkers, published on a previous issue of this journal, describing a rare diagnosis of rectal metastases of an incognito invasive lobular breast carcinoma (ILC), for which immunohistochemistry was decisive (1). Likewise, we share a similarly rare case of gastrointestinal metastases of breast carcinoma (BC), in which immunohistochemistry played a pivotal role.A 55-year-old woman was diagnosed in June 2015 with an Invasive Breast Carcinoma of no-special-type (IBCNST) grade III, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive, estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER/PR) negative. Biopsy revealed vascular permeation. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and trastuzumab preceded surgery, performed in December 2015, followed by radiotherapy and trastuzumab. The patient remained free of disease until 2017, when a right cerebellar lesion was diagnosed as BC metastasis and was treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. In January 2020, the patient presented with a 1-month history of post-prandial vomiting, epigastric pain, anorexia, fatigue, and a 10 kg weight loss. Lab tests were unremarkable, except for small increase in CA-125 and CA-15.3.

scholarly journals Curcumin: Modulator of Key Molecular Signaling Pathways in Hormone-Independent Breast Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3427
Author(s):  
Reyhaneh Farghadani ◽  
Rakesh Naidu
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Molecular Signaling ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Despite the overall successes in breast cancer therapy, hormone-independent HER2 negative breast cancer, also known as triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), lacking estrogens and progesterone receptors and with an excessive expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), along with the hormone-independent HER2 positive subtype, still remain major challenges in breast cancer treatment. Due to their poor prognoses, aggressive phenotype, and highly metastasis features, new alternative therapies have become an urgent clinical need. One of the most noteworthy phytochemicals, curcumin, has attracted enormous attention as a promising drug candidate in breast cancer prevention and treatment due to its multi-targeting effect. Curcumin interrupts major stages of tumorigenesis including cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, and metastasis in hormone-independent breast cancer through the modulation of multiple signaling pathways. The current review has highlighted the anticancer activity of curcumin in hormone-independent breast cancer via focusing on its impact on key signaling pathways including the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, JAK/STAT pathway, MAPK pathway, NF-ĸB pathway, p53 pathway, and Wnt/β-catenin, as well as apoptotic and cell cycle pathways. Besides, its therapeutic implications in clinical trials are here presented.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Study on Hormone Receptors and HER2 Status in Invasive Breast Carcinoma and its Therapeutic Implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
Md Iqbal Karim ◽  
Md Tarikul Islam ◽  
Nazlima Nargis
Keyword(s):  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Her2 Status ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Background: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) has become an integral part of histopathology in the diagnosis of biopsysample. Although haematoxylin and eosin (H & E) stain remains the fundamental basis for diagnostic pathology of thebreast, IHC stains provide useful and sometimes vital information. Moreover, the role of hormonal therapy in hormonereceptor–positive breast tumours, as well as targeted chemotherapeutic agents for human epidermal growth factorreceptor-2 (HER2) positive cases, IHC studies represent a major part of workups. Objective: The study was carried out to identify the common immunohistochemical markers in invasive breastcarcinoma and to find out the relationship between hormonal receptor status and HER2 over expression with the gradeof tumour and its therapeutic implications. Method: In the present study, immunohistochemical assay of total seventy-two blocks of breast carcinoma patients wasperformed to know the hormone receptors and HER2 status as well as histological examination. Result: 72 samples were grouped to study hormonal status and their relation with clinicopathological factors. Outcomeof this study documented 58.33 %, 44.44% and 25 % expression rate of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor(PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) respectively. The negative expression of HER2 receptorsfound higher (75%) than ER & PR. The ER, PR negative and HER2 Positive cases found in high grade breast cancer(Grade-3). An inverse correlation of HER2 expression with ER and PR expression was observed (p=0.001). Conclusion: The role of hormone receptors and HER2 repression as a prognostic and therapeutic tool in breast canceris widely accepted and effective for patients. Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2019; 7(2): 95-98

scholarly journals Emerging Targeted Therapies for HER2 Positive Gastric Cancer That Can Overcome Trastuzumab Resistance

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiichiro Mitani ◽  
Hisato Kawakami
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Junction ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Trastuzumab Resistance ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Drug Conjugates ◽  
Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Antibody Drug

Trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), has improved survival in patients with HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer (AGC). The inevitable development of resistance to trastuzumab remains a problem, however, with several treatment strategies that have proven effective in breast cancer having failed to show clinical benefit in AGC. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms underlying resistance to HER2-targeted therapy and outline past and current challenges in the treatment of HER2-positive AGC refractory to trastuzumab. We further describe novel agents such as HER2 antibody–drug conjugates that are under development and have shown promising antitumor activity in early studies.

scholarly journals Lung adenocarcinoma concomitant with xeroderma pigmentosum: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masataka Matsumoto ◽  
Kazumi Kaneshiro ◽  
Kiyonobu Takatsuki
Keyword(s):  
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Xeroderma Pigmentosum ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Consanguineous Marriage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Abstract Background Xeroderma pigmentosum is a rare, autosomal-recessive photosensitive dermatosis. Patients with xeroderma pigmentosum have an impaired ability to repair deoxyribonucleic acid damage caused by ultraviolet rays, resulting in skin cancer. Patients with xeroderma pigmentosum are more susceptible to some cancers. We herein report a case of xeroderma pigmentosum accompanied by lung cancer. Case presentation The patient was a Japanese woman in her 70s with a family history of consanguineous marriage. Her medical history included squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma, in addition to xeroderma pigmentosum. She presented with dry skin with small, pigmented spots, which were particularly focused around the areas exposed to sunlight. Chest computed tomography was conducted to assess for any evidence of metastatic skin carcinoma, and revealed a tumor in the left upper subpleural lobe of the lung. Consequently, she was referred to our department. Finally, we diagnosed lung adenocarcinoma (pT2aN0M1b: stage IVA). She had an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation (p.L858R). Treatment with an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (gefitinib) was initiated, and the tumor gradually regressed. No side effects were observed. However, she later died from aspiration pneumonia. Conclusions Although xeroderma pigmentosum is rare, a history of consanguineous marriage should be verified. Because of the severe side effects of cisplatin and radiotherapy in xeroderma pigmentosum patients, the risks and benefits of treatment should be considered thoroughly.

scholarly journals HER2-positive breast cancer and tyrosine kinase inhibitors: the time is now

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilana Schlam ◽  
Sandra M. Swain
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Positive Breast Cancer

AbstractHuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive breast cancer accounts for 20–25% of all breast cancers. Multiple HER2-targeted therapies have been developed over the last few years, including the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) lapatinib, neratinib, tucatinib, and pyrotinib. These drugs target HER2 and other receptors of the epidermal growth factor receptor family, therefore each has unique efficacy and adverse event profile. HER2-directed TKIs have been studied in the early stage and advanced settings and have shown promising responses. There is increasing interest in utilizing these drugs in combination with chemotherapy and /or other HER2-directed agents in patients with central nervous system involvement, TKIs have shown to be effective in this setting for which treatment options have been previously limited and the prognosis remains poor. The aim of this review is to summarize currently approved TKIs for HER2+ breast, key clinical trials, and their use in current clinical practice.

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