scholarly journals Source contributions and potential reductions to health effects of particulate matter in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 15219-15229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Guo ◽  
Sri Harsha Kota ◽  
Kaiyu Chen ◽  
Shovan Kumar Sahu ◽  
Jianlin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Source Contributions

Abstract. Health effects of exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in India were estimated in this study based on a source-oriented version of the Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. Contributions of different sources to premature mortality and years of life lost (YLL) were quantified in 2015. Premature mortality due to cerebrovascular disease (CEVD) was the highest in India (0.44 million), followed by ischaemic heart disease (IHD, 0.40 million), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, 0.18 million), and lung cancer (LC, 0.01 million), with a total of 1.04 million deaths. The states with highest premature mortality were Uttar Pradesh (0.23 million), Bihar (0.12 million), and West Bengal (0.10 million). The highest total YLL was 2 years in Delhi, and the Indo-Gangetic plains and eastern India had higher YLL (∼1 years) than other regions. The residential sector was the largest contributor to PM2.5 concentrations (∼40 µg m−3), total premature mortality (0.58 million), and YLL (∼0.2 years). Other important sources included industry (∼20 µg m−3), agriculture (∼10 µg m−3), and energy (∼5 µg m−3) with their national averaged contributions of 0.21, 0.12, and 0.07 million to premature mortality, and 0.12, 0.1, and 0.05 years to YLL. Reducing PM2.5 concentrations would lead to a significant reduction of premature mortality and YLL. For example, premature mortality in Uttar Pradesh (including Delhi) due to PM2.5 exposures would be reduced by 79 % and YLL would be reduced by 83 % when reducing PM2.5 concentrations to 10 µg m−3.

scholarly journals Source contributions and potential reductions to health effects of particulate matter in India

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Guo ◽  
Sri Harsha Kota ◽  
Kaiyu Chen ◽  
Shovan Kumar Sahu ◽  
Jianlin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Source Contributions

Abstract. Health effects of exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in India were estimated in this study based on a source-oriented version of the Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. Contributions of different sources to premature mortality and years of life lost (YLL) were quantified in 2015. Premature mortality due to cerebrovascular disease (CEV) was the highest in India (0.44 million), followed by ischaemic heart disease (IHD, 0.40 million), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, 0.18 million) and lung cancer (LC, 0.01 million), with a total of 1.04 million deaths. The states with highest premature mortality were Uttar Pradesh (0.23 million), Bihar (0.12 million) and West Bengal (0.10 million). The highest total YLL was two years in Delhi, and the Indo-Gangetic plains and east India had higher YLL (~ 1 years) than other regions. The residential sector was the largest contributor to PM2.5 concentrations (~ 40 µg/m3), total premature mortality (0.58 million), and YLL (~ 0.2 years). Other important sources included industry (~ 20 µg/m3), agriculture (~ 10 µg/m3), and energy (~ 5 µg/m3) with their national averaged contributions of 0.21, 0.12, and 0.07 million to premature mortality, and 0.12, 0.1, and 0.05 years to YLL. Reducing PM2.5 concentrations would lead to a significant reduction of premature mortality and YLL. For example, premature mortality in Uttar Pradesh (including Delhi) due to PM2.5 exposures would be reduced by 79 % and YLL would be reduced by 83 % when reducing PM2.5 concentrations to 10 µg/m3.

scholarly journals Mortality attributable to fine particulate matter in Asia, 2000–2015: a cross-sectional cause-of-death analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e043605
Author(s):  
Pattheera Somboonsin ◽  
Vladimir Canudas-Romo
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Life Years Lost

ObjectivesTo investigate the effect that particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 μg (PM2.5) had on mortality in Asian populations in years 2000–2015.SettingMortality and level of PM2.5 data from the United Nations, Global Burden of Disease and University of Chicago were used.Outcome measuresAge pattern of mortality and the number of life-years lost (LYL) attributable to PM2.5 in years 2000–2015. LYL were further separated into causes of death to quantify the contribution of each cause.ResultsIschaemic heart disease (IHD) mortality increased to represent over 31% of the LYL attributable to PM2.5 between 2005–2010 and 2010–2015 in Asia (females 31% and males 35%). However, great diversity in LYL attributable to PM2.5 by causes-of-death were found across the region, with IHD proportions of LYL ranging from 25% to 63% for males from Eastern and Central Asia, respectively. Similar diversity was observed for mortality attributable to PM2.5 for other causes of death across Asia: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (LYL ranging from 6% to 28%), lung cancer (4% to 20%) and stroke (11% to 22%).ConclusionPM2.5 is a crucial component in the rising health effects in Asia. The diverse trends in cause-specific mortality attributable to PM2.5 creates a further challenge for health systems in the region. These findings highlight that immediate interventions are needed to mitigate the increasing levels of air pollution and with that reduce its detrimental effect on the health and mortality of Asian populations.

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