scholarly journals Analysis of mobile monitoring data from the microAeth® MA200 for measuring changes in black carbon on the roadside in Augsburg

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiansheng Liu ◽  
Hadiatullah Hadiatullah ◽  
Xun Zhang ◽  
L. Drew Hill ◽  
Andrew H. A. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Background Correction ◽  
Reduction Peak ◽  
Good Prospect ◽  
Mobile Monitoring ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Interval Time

Abstract. The portable microAeth® MA200 (MA200) is widely applied for measuring black carbon (BC) in human exposure characterization and mobile air quality monitoring. However, the field lacks information about this instrument's performance under various settings. This study evaluated the real-time performance of the MA200 in an urban area, Augsburg, Germany. Noise reduction and negative value mitigation were explored using different data processing methods: local polynomial regression (LPR), optimized noise reduction averaging (ONA), and centered moving average (CMA) under different interval time (5 s, 10 s, and 30 s). After noise reduction, the data were evaluated and compared by (1) the relative number of negative values; (2) more detailed microenvironmental change information retained after noise reduction; (3) the reduction of the peak values and number of peak samples; (4) more detailed microenvironmental change retained after the background correction. Our results showed that CMA showed a good prospect to analyze the raw BC concentration data in terms of the interval time due to its proportions of negative values and the detail microenvironmental change. Moreover, the CMA method has the highest reduction peak values and the number of peak samples compared to ONA and LPR. Furthermore, after background correction, the CMA treatment results remained more detailed microenvironmental changes in pollutants than others. Therefore, based on a comprehensive comparison, CMA offered a good approach to post-process the raw BC concentration data. These findings provide new insight for the noise reduction approach that applied in mobile monitoring campaign using BC instruments.

scholarly journals Analysis of mobile monitoring data from the microAeth® MA200 for measuring changes in black carbon on the roadside in Augsburg

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 5139-5151
Author(s):  
Xiansheng Liu ◽  
Hadiatullah Hadiatullah ◽  
Xun Zhang ◽  
L. Drew Hill ◽  
Andrew H. A. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Mobile Monitoring ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Useful Signal ◽  
Local Background

Abstract. The portable microAeth® MA200 (MA200) is widely applied for measuring black carbon in human exposure profiling and mobile air quality monitoring. Due to it being relatively new on the market, the field lacks a refined assessment of the instrument's performance under various settings and data post-processing approaches. This study assessed the mobile real-time performance of the MA200 to determine a suitable noise reduction algorithm in an urban area, Augsburg, Germany. Noise reduction and negative value mitigation were explored via different data post-processing methods (i.e., local polynomial regression (LPR), optimized noise reduction averaging (ONA), and centred moving average (CMA)) under common sampling interval times (i.e., 5, 10, and 30 s). After noise reduction, the treated data were evaluated and compared by (1) the amount of useful information attributed to retention of microenvironmental characteristics, (2) the relative number of negative values remaining, (3) the reduction and retention of peak samples, and (4) the amount of useful signal retained after correction for local background conditions. Our results identify CMA as a useful tool for isolating the central trends of raw black carbon concentration data in real time while reducing nonsensical negative values and the occurrence and magnitudes of peak samples that affect visual assessment of the data without substantially affecting bias. Correction for local background concentrations improved the CMA treatment by bringing nuanced microenvironmental changes into view. This analysis employs a number of different post-processing methods for black carbon data, providing comparative insights for researchers looking for black carbon data smoothing approaches, specifically in a mobile monitoring framework and data collected using the microAeth® series of Aethalometer.

scholarly journals Preliminary estimation of black carbon deposition from Nepal Climate Observatory-Pyramid data and its possible impact on snow albedo changes over Himalayan glaciers during the pre-monsoon season

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 9291-9328 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Yasunari ◽  
P. Bonasoni ◽  
P. Laj ◽  
K. Fujita ◽  
E. Vuillermoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bound ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Deposition Velocity ◽  
Himalayan Region ◽  
Snow Surface ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Snow Albedo

Abstract. The possible minimal range of reduction in snow surface albedo due to dry deposition of black carbon (BC) in the pre-monsoon period (March–May) was estimated as a lower bound together with the estimation of its accuracy, based on atmospheric observations at the Nepal Climate Observatory-Pyramid (NCO-P) sited at 5079 m a.s.l. in the Himalayan region. We estimated a total BC deposition rate of 2.89 μg m−2 day−1 providing a total deposition of 266 μg m−2 for March–May at the site, based on a calculation with a minimal deposition velocity of 1.0×10−4 m s−1 with atmospheric data of equivalent BC concentration. Main BC size at NCO-P site was determined as 103.1–669.8 nm by correlation analysis between equivalent BC concentration and particulate size distribution in the atmosphere. We also estimated BC deposition from the size distribution data and found that 8.7% of the estimated dry deposition corresponds to the estimated BC deposition from equivalent BC concentration data. If all the BC is deposited uniformly on the top 2-cm pure snow, the corresponding BC concentration is 26.0–68.2 μg kg−1 assuming snow density variations of 195–512 kg m−3 of Yala Glacier close to NCO-P site. Such a concentration of BC in snow could result in 2.0–5.2% albedo reductions. From a simple numerical calculations and if assuming these albedo reductions continue throughout the year, this would lead to a runoff increases of 70–204 mm of water drainage equivalent of 11.6–33.9% of the annual discharge of a typical Tibetan glacier. Our estimates of BC concentration in snow surface for pre-monsoon season can be considered comparable to those at similar altitude in the Himalayan region, where glaciers and perpetual snow region starts in the vicinity of NCO-P. Our estimates from only BC are likely to represent a lower bound for snow albedo reductions, since a fixed slower deposition velocity was used and atmospheric wind and turbulence effects, snow aging, dust deposition, and snow albedo feedbacks were not considered. This study represents the first investigation about BC deposition on snow from atmospheric aerosol data in Himalayas and related albedo effect is especially the first track at the southern slope of Himalayas.

scholarly journals Mobile-monitoring of Black Carbon and Ultrafine particles in Bangalore, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kushwaha ◽  
A. Upadhya ◽  
P. Agrawal ◽  
E. Savio ◽  
J. Gingrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Carbon ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Mobile Monitoring

Mobile monitoring and spatial prediction of black carbon in Cairo, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 193 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoda Talaat ◽  
Junshi Xu ◽  
Marianne Hatzopoulou ◽  
Hossam Abdelgawad
Keyword(s):  
Black Carbon ◽  
Spatial Prediction ◽  
Mobile Monitoring

scholarly journals Spatial, temporal and source contribution assessments of BC over the northern interior of South Africa

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kgaugelo Euphinia Chiloane ◽  
Johan Paul Beukes ◽  
Pieter Gideon van Zyl ◽  
Petra Maritz ◽  
Ville Vakkari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Concentration Levels ◽  
Mass Concentrations

Abstract. After carbon dioxide (CO2), aerosol black carbon (BC) is considered to be the second most important contributor to global warming. Africa is one of the least studied continents, although it is regarded as the largest source region of atmospheric BC. Southern Africa is an important sub-source region, with savannah and grassland fires likely to contribute to elevated BC mass concentration levels. South Africa is the economic and industrial hub of southern Africa. To date, little BC mass concentration data have been presented for South Africa in the peer-reviewed public domain. This paper presents equivalent black carbon (eBC) (derived from an optical absorption method) data collected from three sites, where continuous measurements have been conducted, i.e. Elandsfontein (EL), Welgegund (WG) and Marikana (MA), as well elemental carbon (EC) (determined by evolved carbon method) at five sites where samples were collected once a month on a filter and analysed off-line, i.e. Louis Trichardt (LT), Skukuza (SK), Vaal Triangle (VT), Amersfoort (AM) and Botsalano (BS). All these sites are located in the interior of South Africa. Analyses of eBC and EC spatial mass concentration patterns across the eight sites indicate that the mass concentrations in the South African interior are in general higher than what has been reported for the developed world and that different sources are likely to influence different sites. The mean eBC or EC mass concentrations for the background sites (WG, LT, SK, BS) and sites influenced by industrial activities and/or nearby settlements (EL, MA, VT and AM) ranged between 0.7 and 1.1, and 1.3 and 1.4 µg/m3, respectively. Similar seasonal patterns were observed at all three sites where continuous measurement data were collected (EL, MA and WG), with the highest eBC mass concentrations measured during June to October, indicating contributions from household combustion in the cold winter months (June–August), as well as savannah and grassland fires during the dry season (May to mid-October). Diurnal patterns of eBC at EL, MA and WG indicated maximum concentrations in the early mornings and late evenings, and minima during daytime. From the patterns it could be deduced that for MA and WG, household combustion and savannah, and grassland fires were the most significant sources, respectively. Possible contributing sources were explored in greater detail for EL, with five main sources being identified as coal-fired power stations, pyrometallurgical smelters, traffic, household combustion, as well as savannah and grassland fires. Industries on the Mpumalanga Highveld are often blamed for all forms of pollution, due to the NO2 hotspot over this area that is attributed to NOx emissions from industries and vehicle emissions from the Johannesburg-Pretoria megacity. However, a comparison of source strengths indicated that household combustion, and savannah and grassland fires were the most significant sources of eBC, particularly during winter and spring months, while coal-fired power stations, pyro-metallurgical smelters and traffic contribute to eBC mass concentration levels year round.

Mobile Monitoring of Particulate Black Carbon Concentrations in an Urban Area

Epidemiology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (Suppl) ◽  
pp. S479 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Larson ◽  
N Garcia ◽  
D Covert ◽  
M Brauer
Keyword(s):  
Black Carbon ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Mobile Monitoring ◽  
Carbon Concentrations

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Driving Factors of Black Carbon in Augsburg, Germany: Combination of Mobile Monitoring and Street View Images

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-168
Author(s):  
Xiansheng Liu ◽  
Xun Zhang ◽  
Jürgen Schnelle-Kreis ◽  
Gert Jakobi ◽  
Xin Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Carbon ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Mobile Monitoring ◽  
Spatiotemporal Characteristics ◽  
Street View

The mobile monitoring of black carbon and its association with roadside data in the Chinese megacity of Shanghai

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 7482-7489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-ning Lei ◽  
Ji-wei Bian ◽  
Guang-li Xiu ◽  
Xiao-feng Hu ◽  
Xin-sheng Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Carbon ◽  
Mobile Monitoring

scholarly journals Study of Black Carbon (BC) Mass Concentration Variation at a Coastal Region (Surat)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Ranjitkumar Solanki ◽  
Kamlesh N. Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Black Carbon ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Local Boundary ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bc Aerosols

Black Carbon (BC) aerosols mass concentration was studied at Surat, Gujarat (India), a coastal region near the Tapi River at the Gulf of Khambhat. Using satellite data for solar extinction due to Black Carbon (BC) mass concentration, data were collected from the Giovanni platform developed by NASA. Results of the data for the 5-year period (January to December 2001–2005) are discussed here. Annual and Seasonal variations of Black Carbon (BC) in relation to changes in the regional meteorological conditions are discussed here. The data collected during January to December 2001–2005 indicated the annual average BC concentration. The mean annual variations of BC aerosols mass concentration saw its maximum in the month of December while minimum was seen in the month of July. The seasonal mean BC mass concentration observed to be at its lowest in monsoon season while its highest was in winter at the study region. Variation of the BC trend observed was higher in the month December and lower in the month of July which is mostly related to the changes in the local boundary layer.

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