Impact of hydrometeorological conditions on the Southern Baltic cliff coast development in the annual and long-term weather cycle

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Tylkowski ◽  
Andrzej Kostrzewski ◽  
Marcin Winowski
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Estimation Of Parameters ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Time Decomposition ◽  
Geomorphological Processes ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
Hydrometeorological Conditions

<p>To determine the specificity of functioning the Southern Baltic coasts, it is necessary to identify the hydrometeorological conditions that have the greatest effect on the dynamics of geomorphological processes in detail. For the offshore coastal zone, it is important to determine temporal variability (including trend, cyclicality and seasonality) and spatial diversity (i.e. for cliff and dune coasts) of occurrence of main hydrometeorological and geomorphological processes and events. Among hydrometeorological and geomorphological factors - which are decisive for violent, intense and sometimes irreversible changes in the natural environment - extreme events play an important and sometimes dominant role (Tylkowski, Hojan 2018).</p><p>Geomorphological changes of the cliff coast depend mainly on the dynamics of marine and slope erosion. The high sea level that occurs during storm swells and intense precipitation lead to the transformation of the cliff coast, which is seen in the retraction of the cliff crown, among others (Kostrzewski et al. 2015).</p><p>The purpose of the work was to determine the temporal variability of hydrometeorological conditions, which have the greatest effect on the dynamics of the erosion of the cliff shores of the Wolin island. Hydrometeorological conditions from 1985 – 2019 period were compared to the annual measurements of the cliff crown retraction, which were carried out on 5 test sections in the coastal zone of the Pomeranian Bay on the island of Wolin. The work indicates the occurrence of above-average and extreme hydrometeorological events that potentially favoured the occurrence of erosive processes, e.g. mass movements, slopewash and aeolian erosion.</p><p>Using ARIMA modelling, time decomposition of hydrometeorological conditions was made and their short-term forecasts were formulated. The study determined non-seasonal and seasonal parameters that determine the occurrence of current and future meteorological and marine conditions. What is more, spatial differences in the scope of identification of the features of the analysed time series, estimation of parameters of selected models and the formulated forecast are indicated (Tylkowski, Hojan 2019).</p><p> </p><p> </p><p>References</p><p>Tylkowski J., Hojan M., 2018. Threshold values of extreme hydrometeorological events on the Polish Baltic coast. Water 10(10), 1337. doi:10.3390/w10101337</p><p>Kostrzewski A., Zwoliński Z., Winowski M., Tylkowski J., Samołyk M., 2015. Cliff top recesion rate and cliff hazards for the sea coast of Wolin Island (Southern Baltic). Baltica 28(2): 109-120. doi:10.5200/baltica.2015.28.10</p><p>Tylkowski J., Hojan M., 2019: Time decomposition and short-term forecasting of hydrometeorological conditions in the South Baltic coastal zone of Poland. Geosciences 9(68). doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9020068</p>

scholarly journals Time Decomposition and Short-Term Forecasting of Hydrometeorological Conditions in the South Baltic Coastal Zone of Poland

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Tylkowski ◽  
Marcin Hojan
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Time Decomposition ◽  
Hydrometeorological Conditions

This article presents an analysis of time-series for hydrometeorological conditions determining the behavior of the natural environment in the South Baltic coastal zone of Poland. The analysis is based on monthly data for average air temperature, total atmospheric precipitation, and average sea level during the 50-year period from 1966–2015 for three coastal stations in Hel, Ustka, and Świnoujście. Time decomposition of these hydrometeorological conditions and formulation of short-term forecasts were carried out using ARIMA modelling. This study identifies the seasonal and non-seasonal parameters that determine both current and future hydrometeorological conditions. Moreover, it indicates the spatial differences among features of the analyzed time-series, estimated parameters of the selected models, and forecasts. The ARIMA models used for the Polish Baltic coastal zone are somewhat spatially homogenous. This is especially true of the models for average monthly air temperature, which are identical across the entire coastal zone (2,0,1)(2,1,0)12. Very similar are the models for average monthly sea level across the central and west coast (1,0,0)(1,1,0)12. The model for the east coast, however, was determined to be slightly different (2,0,2)(2,1,0)12. In contrast to those for air temperature and sea level, the models used for atmospheric precipitation were different for each site. Among the parameters modelled, the effect of AR(p) processes was greater than that of MA(q) processes. The monthly models for Ustka are an example of this: average air temperature (2,0,1)(2,1,0)12, atmospheric precipitation (0,0,3)(2,1,0)12, and average sea level (1,0,0)(1,1,0)12. Time decomposition of extreme hydrometeorological conditions has an important utilitarian significance. The climate of the Polish Baltic coastal zone is getting warmer, the sea level is rising, and the frequency of extreme hydrometeorological events is increasing. Time decomposition of hydrometeorological conditions based on monthly data did not reveal long-term trends. In the last half-century, hydrometeorological conditions have been conducive to erosion of coastal dunes and cliffs. These factors determine changes in the natural environment and limit the development potential of the coastal zone. The time decomposition, modelling, and forecasting of hydrometeorological conditions are thus very important for many areas of human activity, especially those related to management, protection, and development of the coast.

scholarly journals Hydrometeorological Conditions for the Occurrence of Aeolian Processes on the Southern Baltic Coast in Poland

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Hojan ◽  
Jacek Tylkowski ◽  
Mirosław Rurek
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Aeolian Processes ◽  
Baltic Coast ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Geomorphological Changes ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Hydrometeorological Conditions

This article presents the temporal and spatial variability of hydrometeorological conditions conducive aeolian processes on the Southern Baltic coastal zone in Poland. The analysis made use of daily meteorological (wind, temperature, and rainfall) and hydrological (sea level) data from 1961 to 2010. Data for four stations (Świnoujście, Kołobrzeg, Ustka, Hel) were provided by the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management in Warsaw. A time decomposition of hydrometeorological conditions conducive to the initiation and intensification of aeolian processes in the coastal zone was also performed. In addition to their scientific significance, the temporal and spatial conditions for aeolian processes on the Baltic coast of Poland have an essential utilitarian significance. Modern aeolian processes on the Baltic coast limit the development potential of the coastal zone. Aeolian processes have a positive and negative impact on geomorphological transformation of the sea coast. They take part in the reconstruction of the beach and foredunes after storms. In periods between storms, coastal wind is seen to decrease the balance of beach sediments and lowers the beach area. On the other hand, onshore wind favors, among other things, filling of tourist infrastructure and development located at the hinterland of the beach and dunes. Hydrometeorological conditions especially favorable to the intensification of aeolian processes are the main determinants of geomorphological changes in the coastal zone (some of which can be extreme). Temporal and spatial analysis of hydrometeorological conditions conducive to aeolian processes is important for many areas of human activity, especially those concerning protection, management, and development of the coast.

Short-term study on the early succession stages of fouling communities in the coastal zone of Puck Bay (southern Baltic Sea)

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Dziubińska ◽  
Anna Szaniawska
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Fouling Communities ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Southern Baltic Sea ◽  
Short Term Study ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
Early Succession ◽  
Puck Bay

Short-term study on the early succession stages of fouling communities in the coastal zone of Puck Bay (southern Baltic Sea)The aim of this study was to distinguish the early succession stages of the fouling community in Puck Bay at depths of 3-7 m, to evaluate its biodiversity and to find the point at which the biodiversity of the assemblages achieved similarity. The depth at the study site was 8 m. The investigation lasted from 24 July to 22 September 2008 (61 days) when the colonisation and succession process of fouling communities is most intensive. During this period five sets of samples were collected. The investigations were focused on sessile organisms that established themselves on 105 PVC settlement panels (15 × 15 cm, 0.2 cm thick), 21 panels being deployed at each of five depths - 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 m. A total of twelve sessile taxa and eight mobile (accompanying) taxa were identified over the course of the experiment. The panels became overgrown with fouling organisms in a characteristic manner - a layer of barnacles became covered with a layer of mussels. This type of community development created a double-layered structure (multi-strata growth). Assemblages reached a thickness of 2 cm as a result of the stratified fouling process. The species diversity was highest on 12 August (the first sampling day) at 7 m depth. Biodiversity differences during the study indicated that communities from all examined depths in Puck Bay became similar after a two-month colonisation period. By the end of the study

SPECIALIZED OCEANOGRAPHIC DATABASE FOR INFORMATION SUPPORT OF THE BLACK SEA COASTAL ZONE STUDY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Khaliulin ◽  
Alexey Khaliulin ◽  
Andrey Ingerov ◽  
Andrey Ingerov ◽  
Elena Zhuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Information Support ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Marine Hydrophysical Institute ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Oceanographic Data

The information resources of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Marine Hydrophysical Institute of RAS” (FSBSI MHI) oceanographic data bank (MHI BOD), which contains about 115,000 oceanographic and more than 27,000 hydrochemical stations accomplished in the Black Sea coastal zone, as well as experience accumulated while providing information support of the coastal zone research, main directions of activities, and short-term plans are considered.

Effects of short-term rain events on mobile macrofauna living on seawalls

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 1069-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Blockley ◽  
Victoria J. Cole ◽  
Julie People ◽  
M. Gabriela Palomo
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Sydney Harbour ◽  
Manipulative Experiments ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Artificial Rain ◽  
Rain Events ◽  
Term Rain

The distribution and abundance of intertidal organisms can be affected by short-term events, such as rain. We compared the effects of rain on intertidal mobile invertebrates in four common microhabitats with differing amounts of shelter (namely beds of oysters, coralline turf, bare patches and crevices) on sea walls in Sydney Harbour. There was an effect of rain on some, but not all taxa, although this was not consistent between locations or times. Effects of rain were observed for some species of gastropods and crustaceans, but not for polychaetes. Manipulative experiments using artificial rain indicated that rain, without the presence of run-off and independent of potential temporal confounding from differences in weather conditions, has a negative effect on abundances of amphipods in coralline turf. Pulse responses by mobile organisms to short-term rain events should be considered when designing experiments looking at temporal variability and processes responsible for observed patterns of distribution of marine organisms.

Modeling Short-Term Spatial and Temporal Variability of Groundwater Level Using Geostatistics and GIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepesh Machiwal ◽  
Amit Mishra ◽  
Madan K. Jha ◽  
Arun Sharma ◽  
S. S. Sisodia
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Short Term

The role of insulin in the glucostatic control of food intake

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 650-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Rezek
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Prolonged Release ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cellular Oxidation ◽  
Metabolic Hormone

Insulin, a primary metabolic hormone, plays a dominant role in the regulation of food intake. An increase in the level of circulating insulin produced by its prandial release from endogenous stores is associated with the state of satiety. On the other hand, an increase in the insulin level produced by its exogenous administration, as well as by its excessive and prolonged release in certain pathological states or during the period of nocturnal overeating, paradoxically gives rise to the sensation of hunger. This differential effect of endogenous and exogenous insulin is analyzed in view of experimental and clinical evidence concerning the principal mechanisms in the regulation of food intake. These include the interrelation of central and peripheral glucosensitive systems, the involvement of the enteroinsular axis, and the effects on these regulatory mechanisms of the physiological state produced by changes in circulating insulin levels. The essential role of the vagus nerve in mediating the hunger and satiety induced by the lack or excess of glucose for cellular oxidation places the short-term glucostatic control in the periphery where the insulin is primarily acting. A unifying hypothesis concerning the role of insulin in the regulation of food intake is proposed and its clinical implications suggested.

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