scholarly journals An interactive atlas for marine biodiversity conservation in the Coral Triangle

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irawan Asaad ◽  
Carolyn J. Lundquist ◽  
Mark V. Erdmann ◽  
Mark J. Costello
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Coral Triangle ◽  
Biodiversity Informatics ◽  
Conservation Values ◽  
Mpa Network

Abstract. An online atlas of the Coral Triangle region of the Indo-Pacific biogeographic realm was developed. This online atlas consists of the three interlinked parts: (1) Biodiversity Features; (2) Areas of Importance for Biodiversity Conservation; (3) recommended priorities for Marine Protected Area (MPA) Network Expansion (http://www.marine.auckland.ac.nz/CTMAPS). The first map, Biodiversity Features, provides comprehensive data on the region's marine protected areas and biodiversity features, threats, and environmental characteristics. The second provides spatial information on areas of high biodiversity conservation values, while the third map shows priority areas for expanding the current Coral Triangle MPA network. This atlas provides the most comprehensive biodiversity datasets that have been assembled for the region. The datasets were retrieved and generated systematically from various open-access sources. To engage a wider audience and to raise participation in biodiversity conservation, the maps were designed as an interactive and online atlas. This atlas presents representative information to promote a better understanding of the key marine and coastal biodiversity characteristics of the region and enables the application of marine biodiversity informatics to support marine ecosystem-based management in the Coral Triangle region.

scholarly journals Digital map of the Coral Triangle: An online atlas for marine biodiversity conservation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irawan Asaad ◽  
Carolyn J. Lundquist ◽  
Mark V. Erdmann ◽  
Mark J. Costello
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Coral Triangle ◽  
Digital Map ◽  
Digital Maps ◽  
Conservation Values ◽  
Mpa Network

Abstract. An online atlas of the Coral Triangle region of the Indo Pacific biogeographic realm was developed. This online atlas consists of the three interlinked digital maps: (1) Biodiversity Features; (2) Areas of Importance for Biodiversity Conservation; (3) Recommended Priorities for Marine Protected Area (MPA) Network Expansion (www.marine.auckland.ac.nz/CTMAPS). The first map, Biodiversity Features, provides comprehensive data on the region's marine protected areas and biodiversity features, threats and environmental characteristics. The second provides spatial information on areas of high biodiversity conservation values, while the third map shows priority areas for expanding the current Coral Triangle MPA network. This digital map provides the most comprehensive biodiversity datasets yet assembled for the region. The datasets were retrieved and generated systematically from various open-access sources. To engage a wider audience and to raise participation in biodiversity conservation, the maps were designed as an interactive and online atlas. This digital map presents representative information to promote a better understanding of the key marine and coastal biodiversity characteristics of the region and enables the application of marine biodiversity informatics to support marine ecosystem-based management in the Coral Triangle region.

scholarly journals Measuring progress in marine protection: A new set of metrics to evaluate the strength of marine protected area networks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Roberts ◽  
Rebecca Valkan ◽  
Carly Cook
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Current Value ◽  
Marine Protection ◽  
Mpa Network

Marine protected areas (MPAs) have proven to be a valuable tool for both promoting the sustainable use of marine resources and long-term biodiversity conservation outcomes. Targets for marine protection under the Convention on Biological Diversity have seen rapid growth in MPAs globally, with progress judged using targets for total area protected rather than evaluating growth based on the capacity to protect biodiversity. The value of a MPA network to biodiversity conservation depends on a range of attributes of both individual MPAs and portfolios of MPAs, which are not captured by simple area-based targets. Therefore, a clear and efficient set of metrics are needed to effectively evaluate progress towards building MPA networks, considering the representation and adequacy of protection for biodiversity. We developed a universally applicable set of metrics that can evaluate network structure in relation to its capacity to conserve marine biodiversity. These metrics combine properties of effective individual MPAs with metrics for their capacity to function collectively as a network. To demonstrate the value of these metrics, we apply them to the Australian MPA network, the largest in the world. Collectively, the indicators suggest that while Australia has made significant progress in building a representative and well-structured MPA network, the level of protection offered to marine biodiversity is generally low, with insufficient coverage of no-take MPAs across many bioregions. The metrics reveal how the current value of the MPA network could be greatly increased by reducing the prevalence of multi-use zones that allow extractive activities known to negatively impact biodiversity.

scholarly journals Modelling Reef Fish Population Responses to Fisheries Restrictions in Marine Protected Areas in the Coral Triangle

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Varkey ◽  
Cameron H. Ainsworth ◽  
Tony J. Pitcher
Keyword(s):  
Reef Fish ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Coral Triangle ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Marine Ecosystem Models

Marine ecosystem models are used to investigate marine protected area (MPA) benefits for coral reef ecosystems located in Raja Ampat, in the heart of the Coral Triangle. Field data from an integrated and diverse research project is used to develop a spatial ecosystem model using Ecopath, Ecosim, and Ecospace modelling software. The ecological and fisheries responses of a reef ecosystem to different levels of fishing effort restrictions inside MPAs are explored. The trade-offs of allowing some fisheries to operate inside the MPAs versus designating the MPAs as no-take zones are highlighted. The results show that rapid rebuilding of reef fish populations, especially the large charismatic species, requires no-take areas. Distinct trade-offs in spillover benefits are observed between partially fished and no-take MPAs.

scholarly journals Delineating priority areas for marine biodiversity conservation in the Coral Triangle

2018 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 198-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irawan Asaad ◽  
Carolyn J. Lundquist ◽  
Mark V. Erdmann ◽  
Mark J. Costello
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Coral Triangle ◽  
Priority Areas

scholarly journals Species richness accelerates marine ecosystem restoration in the Coral Triangle

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (45) ◽  
pp. 11986-11991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan L. Williams ◽  
Rohani Ambo-Rappe ◽  
Christine Sur ◽  
Jessica M. Abbott ◽  
Steven R. Limbong
Keyword(s):  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Ecosystem Restoration ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Coastal Development ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Coral Triangle ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Seagrass Meadows

Ecosystem restoration aims to restore biodiversity and valuable functions that have been degraded or lost. The Coral Triangle is a hotspot for marine biodiversity held in its coral reefs, seagrass meadows, and mangrove forests, all of which are in global decline. These coastal ecosystems support valuable fisheries and endangered species, protect shorelines, and are significant carbon stores, functions that have been degraded by coastal development, destructive fishing practices, and climate change. Ecosystem restoration is required to mitigate these damages and losses, but its practice is in its infancy in the region. Here we demonstrate that species diversity can set the trajectory of restoration. In a seagrass restoration experiment in the heart of the Coral Triangle (Sulawesi, Indonesia), plant survival and coverage increased with the number of species transplanted. Our results highlight the positive role biodiversity can play in ecosystem restoration and call for revision of the common restoration practice of establishing a single target species, particularly in regions having high biodiversity. Coastal ecosystems affect human well-being in many important ways, and restoration will become ever more important as conservation efforts cannot keep up with their loss.

Boundary Objects and Global Consensus: Scalar Narratives of Marine Conservation in the Convention on Biological Diversity

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noella J. Gray ◽  
Rebecca L. Gruby ◽  
Lisa M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Boundary Objects ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Global Consensus ◽  
Governance Processes

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) continues to promote marine protected areas (MPAs) as a preferred tool for marine biodiversity conservation, in spite of concerns over their effectiveness and equity. However, explanations for this consensus on the utility of MPAs focus primarily on their measurability and ignore the ways in which they are conceptualized through ongoing governance processes. Drawing on the results of collaborative event ethnography at the Tenth Conference of the Parties to the CBD, this paper adopts the concepts of boundary objects and scalar narratives to analyze the ways in which consensus on MPAs is produced, in spite of conflicting understandings of MPA forms and functions. Both a local narrative of participatory MPAs and a global narrative of science driven high seas conservation articulate a regional scale as ideal for MPA governance, although with different priorities. Ultimately, consensus at the CBD is enabled only by accommodating competing visions of MPAs.

scholarly journals Holistic Environmental Approaches and Aichi Biodiversity Targets: accomplishments and perspectives for marine ecosystems

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8171
Author(s):  
Elliot Dreujou ◽  
Charlotte Carrier-Belleau ◽  
Jesica Goldsmit ◽  
Dario Fiorentino ◽  
Radhouane Ben-Hamadou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Holistic Approaches ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Aichi Biodiversity Targets ◽  
Near Future

In order to help safeguard biodiversity from global changes, the Conference of the Parties developed a Strategic Plan for Biodiversity for the period 2011–2020 that included a list of twenty specific objectives known as the Aichi Biodiversity Targets. With the end of that timeframe in sight, and despite major advancements in biodiversity conservation, evidence suggests that the majority of the Targets are unlikely to be met. This article is part of a series of perspective pieces from the 4th World Conference on Marine Biodiversity (May 2018, Montréal, Canada) to identify next steps towards successful biodiversity conservation in marine environments. We specifically reviewed holistic environmental assessment studies (HEA) and their contribution to reaching the Targets. Our analysis was based on multiple environmental approaches which can be considered as holistic, and we discuss how HEA can contribute to the Aichi Biodiversity Targets in the near future. We found that only a few HEA articles considered a specific Biodiversity Target in their research, and that Target 11, which focuses on marine protected areas, was the most commonly cited. We propose five research priorities to enhance HEA for marine biodiversity conservation beyond 2020: (i) expand the use of holistic approaches in environmental assessments, (ii) standardize HEA vocabulary, (iii) enhance data collection, sharing and management, (iv) consider ecosystem spatio-temporal variability and (v) integrate ecosystem services in HEA. The consideration of these priorities will promote the value of HEA and will benefit the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity.

scholarly journals Resilience Thinking Approach to Protect Marine Biodiversity in Small Islands: A Case of Gili Trawangan, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 933 (1) ◽  
pp. 012012
Author(s):  
LAA Bakti ◽  
Marjono ◽  
G Ciptadi ◽  
F Putra
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Resilience Thinking

Abstract This paper examines the resilience thinking approach to protect marine biodiversity in small islands with the case of Gili Trawangan, Indonesia, which is part of a marine protected area. The rapid development of the world’s tourism industry, the monetary crisis in 1997, national reforms in 1998, global warming, and the irresponsibility of local governments to enforce formal rules on marine resources, have had a tremendous impact on marine biodiversity on small islands like Gili Trawangan. This study uses a qualitative method, including stakeholder interviews, participant observation, stakeholder mapping, and local document collection. The collaborative effort that was built by local residents with foreign businesspersons, academics, non-governmental organizations, and the village government of Gili Indah, started in 2001 was intended to protect the marine ecosystem on Gili Trawangan from destructive fishing practices, to prevent the further degradation of marine biodiversity on the islands. Results of this study found several collaborative work initiatives in Gili Trawangan to meet the challenges, e.g., the institutionalization of customary law called “Awig-Awig” to regulate coral reef activities, enforcement of regulations on marine biodiversity such as coral reefs, strengthening institutional capacity, and restoring the degraded coral reefs ecosystem.

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