Pembelajaran Lingkungan Bagi Siswa Rumah Baca Onomi Niphi, Kampung Yoboy, Kabupaten Jayapura, Papua

Lake Sentani is located in Jayapura, Papua. Sentani people live in 26 villages along the coast and small islands around the lake. One of those islands is Yoboy Village, where a Onomi Niphi Reading House has been operating to provide library for elementary and senior high schools. The reading house is becoming center for various programs from various parties. Lake Sentani education program for students in Onomi Niphi Reading House was conducted to increase their knowledge of characteristics and fish species of Lake Sentani, as well as to develop digital education package and distributed to students in Yoboi Village and other students through social media. The program was conducted in Onomi Niphi Reading House, Jayapura at June 26 and July 3, 2021 through seminar and answer-question methods. Pretest was conducted before the class started and posttest applied after the class. Evaluation of the program was based on tests result and categorized to be distinguished, excellent, moderate, and poor. The test results showed the improvement of students’ knowledge on Lake Sentani. The documentation of the lake knowledge in digital format was distributed to the students and through social media. This will help the students to be aware of the improtance of conserving Lake Sentani. Abstrak Danau Sentani terletak di Kabupaten Jayapura, Papua. Danau ini ditempati oleh penduduk asli Sentani di 26 kampung yang menyebar di pulau-pulau dan tepian danau. Salah satunya adalah Kampung adat Yoboy, dimana terdapat Rumah Baca Onomi Niphi yang menyediakan perpustakaan bagi pelajar. Pembelajaran lingkungan tentang Danau Sentani diberikan kepada siswa Rumah Baca Onomi Niphi di kampung ini untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mereka tentang karakteristik dan jenis-jenis ikan Danau Sentani, membuat media pembelajaran digital (video) nya serta menyebar luaskannya ke pelajar di rumah baca ini dan melalui berbagai media sosial. Pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Baca Onomi-Niphi, Kampung Adat Yoboy, Kabupaten Jayapura, tanggal 26 Juni dan 3 Juli 2021 dalam bentuk ceramah dan tanya jawab. Pre test diberikan sebelum pembelajaran dan post test diberikan setelah pembelajaran. Evaluasi hasil pembelajaran ditentukan berdasarkan hasil-hasil test yang dikelompokkan menjadi kategori sangat baik, baik, cukup dan kurang. Hasil pre test dan post test pada pembelajaran tentang Danau Sentani menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan anak-anak meningkat setelah pembelajaran lingkungan tentang Danau Sentani. Dokumentasi materi pembelajaran dalam bentuk digital dan penyebar luasannya diharapkan dapat mempertahankan pengetahuan anak tentang Danau Sentani. Pengetahuan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kepedulian anak terhadap Danau Sentani.

Upaya Perlindungan Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil Pemerintah Provinsi Sumatera Barat dari Ancaman Abrasi dan Perubahan Iklim

Kerusakan pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil akibat abrasi dan dampak perubahan iklim di Provinsi Sumatera Barat sudah di tingkat yang mengkhawatirkan. Kondisi geografis Sumatera Barat yang berhadapan langsung dengan Samudera Hindia membuat sifat tumbukan gelombang di pesisir relatif kuat sehingga abrasi berlangsung dengan cepat. Kerusakan ekosistem mangrove akibat penebangan, alih fungsi lahan, pencemaran muara, dan kerusakan terumbu karang akibat penggunaan bom, potas, dan pemutihan karang, turut mempercepat terjadinya abrasi. Kerusakan pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil perlu dicegah karena dapat mengurangi keunggulan strategis pertahanan di wilayah terluar, mengganggu efektivitas fungsi infrastruktur sipil dan militer di pesisir, mengganggu stabilitas ekonomi dan mengurangi ruang hidup masyarakat, membahayakan navigasi, dan mengancam keanekaragaman hayati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sumberdaya dan upaya pemerintah daerah Provinsi Sumatera Barat dalam melindungi pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil dari abrasi dan dampak perubahan iklim. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada 15-23 September 2019 di Kota Padang dan di Pulau Sipora. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi, dan wawancara mendalam kepada pejabat instansi pemerintah daerah dan warga di sekitar pesisir. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik data condensation, data display, dan conclusion drawing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan instansi-instansi daerah memiliki keunggulan uniknya masing-masing dalam mendukung pencegahan abrasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim, namun upaya-upaya yang dilaksanakan masih bersifat sporadis, reaktif, tidak terkoordinasi, dan tidak berkelanjutan. Sumber daya bahan baku untuk pencegahan abrasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim tersedia melimpah di Sumatera Barat, namun sumber daya keorganisasian yang dimiliki instansi daerah relatif terbatas. Kondisi ini membuat abrasi dan dampak perubahan iklim tidak dapat dicegah secara efektif.ABSTRACTWest Sumatera Province has an alarming rate of coastal and small islands destruction caused by abrasion and the effect of climate change. Geographical characteristic of West Sumatera Province which directly face Hindia Ocean quickly have it’s coastal area eroded with abrasion caused by a strong wave. The destruction of mangrove forest and coral reefs further made the abrasion process worse. Coastal and small islands destruction need to be stopped because it could reduce military strategic advantage in national outer areas, reducing the effectiveness of military and civilian infrastructures, destabilizing economy and narrowing the living space of people, endangering the safety of ship navigation, and threatening nature’s biodiversity. The aim of this research is to understand the resources and actions of West Sumatera Province’s local government of how it protect the coastal area and small islands from abrasion and to adapt to the effects of climate change. The research was conducted in September 15 to 23 in 2019 at Padang City and Sipora Island of Kepulauan Mentawai Regency. Data collected by field observation and in-depth interview to officials from local government and the locals. Data analyzed by using data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing analytical technique. The research shows that each provincional departments under West Sumatera Province local government have it’s own unique approach and technique to prevent abrasion and adapt to the effects of climate change, but the action taken usually implemented sporadically, reactive, uncoordinated, and not sustainable. Natural resources needed to prevent abrasion and to adapt to climate change are abundant, but the Province’s organisational resources is limited, causing the coastal area and small islands innefectively protected

Inland and Island Tourism, Contrasting Geographies Touching Each Other

Despite being opposite geographic regions, inland territories and small islands have very much in common in terms of economic and social constraints. Based on the case study of the Azores archipelago, the limitations and opportunities for tourism development in the small oceanic islands are analysed. This study is supported by empirical research involving the application of questionnaires to the main tourism stakeholders in the archipelago. The results lead to the conclusion that in the case of the group of small temperate islands, tourism has progressively asserted itself as strategic for the local economy, but the application of a sustainable development model must be considered as these territories are generally highly vulnerable, both environmentally and socially.

Island-Centered Pedagogy

In this chapter, the authors explore and reflect on the pedagogy of higher learning within the cultural context of Micronesian society. Islanders are raised with strong cultural values that often come into conflict as they enter the environment of higher education. They find themselves trying to balance the cultural values, responsibilities, and practices while meeting the demands of university norms and values that are often very counter-cultural in nature. The authors discuss four essential elements educators of Micronesian university students must consider as they endeavor to provide a culturally relevant curriculum centered on what is called island pedagogy. These four elements focus on the concepts of collectivism, cultural understanding, regional advocacy, and empathy. It is through a commitment to building the foundation for a truly islander-centered environment in higher education that teachers empower students of these small islands with every possible chance to succeed in their field of study.

Analysis of potentials and problems of Semarang city

Spatial planning very important and dynamic in meeting the needs of space that continues to increase in line with the rate of population growth. Urban infrastructure becomes very important and crucial in directing the development of the city. For Semarang City, infrastructure needs to be addressed immediately, especially in spatial planning. Is carried out thoroughly and taking into account the existing problems and potential. Rationalistic qualitative methods become the methodology in this study. The analysis tools used were, among others, the Administrative approach and the development approach with an environmental and sustainable perspective. An administrative approach was also used by reviewing applicable laws and links with coastal areas, such as law number 26 of 2007 concerning spatial planning; law number 27 of 2007 concerning Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands. While the development approach is environmentally friendly and sustainable, it is an attempt to approach it by looking at the real conditions of the potential and problems of coastal areas, based on aspects of environmental and sustainable values. Therefore, the government should in every set development policies pay attention to the preservation of natural resources and the environment.

Histological examination of cranial synchondroses as functionally significant elements in the cranial osteopathic concept

Introduction. In recent decades, medical science has accumulated convincing evidence of the fact that the normal activity of a human brain depends on the functional integration of its vascular system, a circulation system of cerebrospinal fluid and biomechanical features of a skull, forming a single structural and functional system.The aim of the study is to research the histological structure of functionally significant cranial synchondroses in the middle and elderly age group, to find possible points of osteopathic influence application in their structure. Materials and methods. The study was performed on cadaver material of 27 persons (7 men — 26 %, 20 women — 74 %) who died at the age from 49 to 66 years (57,5±5,3 years) from various somatic pathologies, but had no history of craniocerebral injuries with fractures of osseous structures. Small bone fragments with sutures of interest/synchondroses (spheno-occipital synchondrosis, petro-jugular synchondrosis, sphenopetrosal synchondrosis) were subjected to standard histological processing followed by microscopy.Results. Evaluating histological specimens of spheno-occipital synchondrosis, we observed the similar pattern: highly mineralized tissues at the edges of the bodies of the sphenoid and occipital bones were connected without elements of cartilagi-nous or connective tissue. In all cases, no fibrous or nerve tissue elements were found during the in situ immunohistochemical reactions. Reactions with the CD34 antibody mark multiple vessels of the Volkmann's or Haversian canals. Evaluating histological specimens of petro-jugular and sphenopetrosal synchondroses, we found the presence of cartilage tissue in the suture in the form of small islands of various sizes (from 20 to 120 microns) with signs of degeneration and a small number of remained chondrocytes. When evaluating specimens with immunohistochemical reactions with antibodies against the S100 protein, no elements of the nervous tissue were detected.Conclusion. Spheno-occipital synchondrosis has a temporary nature. With age, its cartilaginous tissue is replaced by osseous one. According to the histological structure, sphenobasilar synchondrosis demonstrates the complete absence of a cartilaginous component in the middle and elderly age groups. Petro-jugular and sphenopetrosal synchondroses retain the cartilaginous component in their suture throughout lifetime. During histological examination of the petro-jugular and sphenopetrosal synchondroses, the cartilaginous component is represented by variety of small islands. In all synchondroses, there is an absence of vascular and nervous components. At the same time, we revealed the presence of a prominent vascular bed in the bone tissue. The fact requires emphasizing the importance of liquid potency and elastic component in cartilaginous and osseous tissues as an application point for osteopathic techniques.

Subsistence Strategy of Here Sorot Entapa Cave in Kisar Island, Maluku: Dwelling Site in Island with Limited Terrestrial Resources

Penelitian di wilayah Wallacea selalu menghasilkan informasi yang menarik, salah satunya adalah mengenai peran pulau-pulau yang berada di wilayah ini dalam jalur migrasi manusia. Beberapa pulau kecil yang ada di wilayah ini merupakan pulau dengan sumber daya alam yang terbatas. Gua Here Sorot Entapa merupakan salah satu situs yang terletak di Kawasan Wallacea bagian Tenggara, yaitu di Pulau Kisar. Hasil ekskavasi yang dilakukan telah menemukan akumulasi artefak, ekofak dan fitur. Lalu bagaimana adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh manusia pada masa itu terhadap lingkungan dengan sumberdaya alam yang terbatas, merupakan hal yang akan dibahas dalam tulisan ini. Metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah analisis hasil ekskavasi yang dilakukan oleh Tim Penelitian gabungan UGM dan ANU serta Balai Arkeologi Maluku. Untuk mengetahui perubahan lingkungan dan pemanfaatannya akan digunakan data botani yang diperoleh secara langsung maupun studi pustaka. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Gua Here Sorot Entapa dihuni sejak sekitar 16.000 BP. Pemanfaatan sumberdaya laut merupakan subsistensi utama di samping pemanfaatan beberapa jenis tumbuhan yang secara kuantitas berbanding lurus dengan pemanfaatan sumberdaya laut. Research in the Wallacea area always produces exciting information, including the role of the islands in this region in human migration routes. Several small islands in this region are islands with limited terrestrial resources. Here Sorot Entapa cave is one of the sites located on Kisar Island, Southeast Wallacea region. The occupation of small islands presents particular challenges for human communities related to limited terrestrial resources and susceptibility to natural disasters. Then how the adaptation made by humans at that time in an environment with limited terrestrial resources is discussed in this study. This study used excavation methods to obtain data accumulation of artifacts, ecofacts, and features. Literature study and botanical data analysis were used to determine environmental changes and resource utilization. The results of this study indicate that the Here Sorot Entapa Cave has been occupied since around 16,000 BP. Marine resources were the primary subsistence along with several types of plants food in the same quantity. The function of the Here Sorot Entapa Cave may also be related to the existence of rock art that spread on Kisar Island. Eventually, Kisar Island was the main purpose of a prehistoric human in carrying out religious and artistic activities, and the Here Sorot Entapa Cave served as a temporary shelter for these activities.

Gambar Cadas Antropomorfik di Kepulauan Maluku

Anthropomorphic Images of Rock Art In Moluccas Archipelago, Indonesia (Case Study In Kaimear and Kisar Island, Maluku). The Maluku Islands Cluster consists of a group of large and small islands located horizontally and vertically between the equator. These geographical conditions make the Maluku Islands as one of the characters of archipelagic rock image sites in Indonesia. This paper presents the shape and distribution of anthropomorphic rock images in the Maluku Islands in the Wallacea Region. The research location covers the southeastern part of the Maluku Islands, namely Kaimear Island and Kisar Island, Maluku Province. The purpose of this paper is to determine the shape and distribution of anthropomorphic rock images in the Maluku Islands. This study used the descriptive qualitative method. The data used is a combination of data obtained from research in 2014 - 2019. The results show that there are eighty forms of human rock images scattered on sites on Kisar Island, which include the Here Sorot Entapa, Herku, Intutun, Irmula, Kulwasuru, Lenhorhorok, Liotitin, Salpuru,Wakurai, Hersorsorot, and one site on Kaimear Island, the Kel lein Site. Abstrak. Gugusan Kepulauan Maluku terdiri atas gugusan pulau-pulau besar dan kecil terletak sejajar secara horizontal dan vertikal di antara garis khatulistiwa. Kondisi geografis tersebut menjadikan Kepulauan Maluku sebagai salah satu karakter situs gambar cadas kepulauan di Indonesia. Tulisan ini menyajikan bentuk dan sebaran gambar cadas motif antropomorfik di Kepulauan Maluku yang berada di Kawasan Wallacea. Lokasi penelitian mencakup wilayah gugusan Kepulauan Maluku bagian tenggara, yaitu Pulau Kaimear dan Pulau Kisar, Provinsi Maluku. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui bentuk dan sebaran gambar cadas antropormofik di Kepulauan Maluku. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang digunakan merupakan gabungan antara data yang diperoleh dari penelitian tahun 2014 - 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat delapan puluh bentuk gambar cadas manusia yang tersebar di situs di Pulau Kisar, yang meliputi Situs Here Sorot Entapa, Herku, Intutun, Irmula, Kulwasuru, Lenhorhorok, Liotitin, Salpuru, Wakurai, Hersorsorot, dan satu situs di Pulau Kaimear, yaitu Situs Kel lein.