scholarly journals Predicting streamflows in snowmelt-driven watersheds using the flow duration curve method

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1679-1693 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kim ◽  
J. Kaluarachchi
Keyword(s):  
Snow Water Equivalent ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Flow Duration Curve ◽  
River Diversion ◽  
Tank Model ◽  
Flow Duration ◽  
Natural Flow ◽  
Minimal Data ◽  
Canal Networks

Abstract. Predicting streamflows in snow-fed watersheds in the Western United States is important for water allocation. Since many of these watersheds are heavily regulated through canal networks and reservoirs, predicting expected natural flows and therefore water availability under limited data is always a challenge. This study investigates the applicability of the flow duration curve (FDC) method for predicting natural flows in gauged and regulated snow-fed watersheds. Point snow observations, air temperature, precipitation, and snow water equivalent were used to simulate the snowmelt process with the SNOW-17 model, and extended to streamflow simulation using the FDC method with a modified current precipitation index. For regulated watersheds, a parametric regional FDC method was applied to reconstruct natural flow. For comparison, a simplified tank model was used considering both lumped and semi-distributed approaches. The proximity regionalization method was used to simulate streamflows in the regulated watersheds with the tank model. The results showed that the FDC method is capable of producing satisfactory natural flow estimates in gauged watersheds when high correlation exists between current precipitation index and streamflow. For regulated watersheds, the regional FDC method produced acceptable river diversion estimates, but it seemed to have more uncertainty due to less robustness of the FDC method. In spite of its simplicity, the FDC method is a practical approach with less computational burden for studies with minimal data availability.

scholarly journals Predicting natural streamflows in regulated snowmelt-driven watersheds using regionalization methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 9435-9476
Author(s):  
D. Kim ◽  
J. Kaluarachchi
Keyword(s):  
Snow Water Equivalent ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Tank Model ◽  
Natural Flow ◽  
Snow Water ◽  
Minimal Data ◽  
Canal Networks ◽  
Ungauged Watersheds

Abstract. Predicting streamflows in snow-fed watersheds in the Western United States is important for water allocation. Since many of these watersheds are heavily regulated through canal networks and reservoirs, predicting expected natural flows and therefore water availability under limited data is always a challenge. This study investigates the applicability of the flow duration curve (FDC) method for predicting natural flows in gauged and ungauged snow-fed watersheds. Point snow observations, air temperature, precipitation, and snow water equivalent, are used to simulate snowmelt process with SNOW-17 model and extended to streamflow generation by a FDC method with modified current precipitation index. For regulated (ungauged) watersheds, a parametric regional FDC method is applied to reconstruct natural flow. For comparison, a simplified Tank Model is used as well. The proximity regionalization method is used to generate streamflow using the Tank Model in ungauged watersheds. The results show that the FDC method can produce acceptable natural flow estimates in both gauged and ungauged watersheds under data limited conditions. The performance of the FDC method is better in watersheds with relatively low evapotranspiration (ET). Multiple donor data sets including current precipitation index are recommended to reduce uncertainty of the regional FDC method for ungauged watersheds. In spite of its simplicity, the FDC method can perform better than the Tank Model under minimal data availability.

Flow Duration Curve for Downstream of Sungai Perak Using Minimum and Maximum Flow

2019 ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Nurshahira Mohd Noh ◽  
Lariyah Mohd Sidek ◽  
Azwin Zailti Abd Razad ◽  
Hidayah Basri ◽  
Ahmad Asri Harun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Flow Duration Curve ◽  
Flow Duration

scholarly journals Homogenisation of a gridded snow water equivalent climatology for Alpine terrain: methodology and applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jörg-Hess ◽  
F. Fundel ◽  
T. Jonas ◽  
M. Zappa
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Snow Water Equivalent ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Atmospheric Models ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Snow Water

Abstract. Gridded snow water equivalent (SWE) data sets are valuable for estimating the snow water resources and verify different model systems, e.g. hydrological, land surface or atmospheric models. However, changing data availability represents a considerable challenge when trying to derive consistent time series for SWE products. In an attempt to improve the product consistency, we first evaluated the differences between two climatologies of SWE grids that were calculated on the basis of data from 110 and 203 stations, respectively. The "shorter" climatology (2001–2009) was produced using 203 stations (map203) and the "longer" one (1971–2009) 110 stations (map110). Relative to map203, map110 underestimated SWE, especially at higher elevations and at the end of the winter season. We tested the potential of quantile mapping to compensate for mapping errors in map110 relative to map203. During a 9 yr calibration period from 2001 to 2009, for which both map203 and map110 were available, the method could successfully refine the spatial and temporal SWE representation in map110 by making seasonal, regional and altitude-related distinctions. Expanding the calibration to the full 39 yr showed that the general underestimation of map110 with respect to map203 could be removed for the whole winter. The calibrated SWE maps fitted the reference (map203) well when averaged over regions and time periods, where the mean error is approximately zero. However, deviations between the calibrated maps and map203 were observed at single grid cells and years. When we looked at three different regions in more detail, we found that the calibration had the largest effect in the region with the highest proportion of catchment areas above 2000 m a.s.l. and that the general underestimation of map110 compared to map203 could be removed for the entire snow season. The added value of the calibrated SWE climatology is illustrated with practical examples: the verification of a hydrological model, the estimation of snow resource anomalies and the predictability of runoff through SWE.

scholarly journals Recent trends and variability in river discharge across northern Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 4801-4818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Déry ◽  
Tricia A. Stadnyk ◽  
Matthew K. MacDonald ◽  
Bunu Gauli-Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Flow Regulation ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Labrador Sea ◽  
James Bay ◽  
River Diversion ◽  
Northern Canada ◽  
Annual Variability ◽  
Hydropower Production

Abstract. This study presents an analysis of the observed inter-annual variability and inter-decadal trends in river discharge across northern Canada for 1964–2013. The 42 rivers chosen for this study span a combined gauged area of 5.26  ×  106 km2 and are selected based on data availability and quality, gauged area and record length. Inter-annual variability in river discharge is greatest for the eastern Arctic Ocean (coefficient of variation, CV  =  16 %) due to the Caniapiscau River diversion into the La Grande Rivière system for enhanced hydropower production. Variability is lowest for the study area as a whole (CV  =  7 %). Based on the Mann–Kendall test (MKT), no significant (p > 0.05) trend in annual discharge from 1964 to 2013 is observed in the Bering Sea, western Arctic Ocean, western Hudson and James Bay, and Labrador Sea; for northern Canada as a whole, however, a statistically significant (p < 0.05) decline of 102.8 km3 25 yr−1 in discharge occurs over the first half of the study period followed by a statistically significant (p < 0.05) increase of 208.8 km3 25 yr−1 in the latter half. Increasing (decreasing) trends in river discharge to the eastern Hudson and James Bay (eastern Arctic Ocean) are largely explained by the Caniapiscau diversion to the La Grande Rivière system. Strong regional variations in seasonal trends of river discharge are observed, with overall winter (summer) flows increasing (decreasing, with the exception of the most recent decade) partly due to flow regulation and storage for enhanced hydropower production along the Hudson and James Bay, the eastern Arctic Ocean and Labrador Sea. Flow regulation also suppresses the natural variability of river discharge, particularly during cold seasons.

scholarly journals Seasonality and multiannual variability of floods: case study from Eastern Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 00031
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Siwek
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Flow Duration Curve ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Flow Duration ◽  
Flood Season ◽  
Seasonality Index ◽  
Annual Distribution ◽  
Flood Characteristics

Nowadays, under increasing climate change effects on the environment, we can observe increasing number of extreme phenomena, including meteorological and hydrological ones. One of such phenomena are floods. The objective of this article is the assessment of basic flood characteristics seasonality in the annual distribution. Analysis were performed based on time series of daily flow values recorded in the years 1951–2014 in three gauging stations located on rivers in Easter Poland, in upper Wieprz catchment. Floods were defined according to TLM algorithm and were assumed to be all cases of flow occurrence exceeding 10% read from FDC (flow duration curve) (Q10). Seasonality was analysed using Markham’s Seasonality Index and Period of Seasonal Concentration, analysis of autocorrelation function (ACF) as well as proposed by the author Seasonal Winter Floods Index. The distribution of floods during year indicates one flood season in year which occurs in the spring.

Analysis of Water bady Damage at Osu Stream Using the Flow-Loading Equation and 8-Day Intervals Cumulative Flow Duration Curve

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1179-1193
Author(s):  
Young Sung Lee ◽  
Young Suk Kim ◽  
Sung Wook Han ◽  
kwon ok Seo ◽  
chang bok Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Duration Curve ◽  
Flow Duration ◽  
Cumulative Flow
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