scholarly journals Limitations of fibre optic distributed temperature sensing for quantifying surface water groundwater interactions

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 8167-8190 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Roshan ◽  
M. Young ◽  
M. S. Andersen ◽  
R. I. Acworth
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Apparent Temperature ◽  
Distributed Temperature Sensing ◽  
Simulated Surface

Abstract. Studies of surface water–groundwater interactions using fiber optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS) has increased in recent years. However, only a few studies to date have explored the limitations of FO-DTS in detecting groundwater discharge to streams. A FO_DTS system was therefore tested in a flume under controlled laboratory conditions for its ability to accurately measure the discharge of hot or cold groundwater into a simulated surface water flow. In the experiment the surface water (SW) and groundwater (GW) velocities, expressed as ratios (vgw/vsw), were varied from 0.21% to 61.7%; temperature difference between SW-GW were varied from 2 to 10 °C; the direction of temperature gradient were varied with both cold and-hot water injection; and two different bed materials were used to investigate their effects on FO_DTS's detection limit of groundwater discharge. The ability of the FO_DTS system to detect the discharge of groundwater of a different temperature in the laboratory environment was found to be mainly dependent upon the surface and groundwater flow velocities and their temperature difference. A correlation was proposed to estimate the groundwater discharge from temperature. The correlation is valid when the ratio of the apparent temperature response to the source temperature difference is above 0.02.

scholarly journals Investigating patterns and controls of groundwater up-welling in a lowland river by combining Fibre-optic Distributed Temperature Sensing with observations of vertical hydraulic gradients

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1775-1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Krause ◽  
T. Blume ◽  
N. J. Cassidy
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Structural Heterogeneity ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Lowland River ◽  
Fibre Optic ◽  
Distributed Temperature Sensing ◽  
Hydraulic Gradients ◽  
Cold Spots

Abstract. This paper investigates the patterns and controls of aquifer–river exchange in a fast-flowing lowland river by the conjunctive use of streambed temperature anomalies identified with Fibre-optic Distributed Temperature Sensing (FO-DTS) and observations of vertical hydraulic gradients (VHG). FO-DTS temperature traces along this lowland river reach reveal discrete patterns with "cold spots" indicating groundwater up-welling. In contrast to previous studies using FO-DTS for investigation of groundwater–surface water exchange, the fibre-optic cable in this study was buried in the streambed sediments, ensuring clear signals despite fast flow and high discharges. During the observed summer baseflow period, streambed temperatures in groundwater up-welling locations were found to be up to 1.5 °C lower than ambient streambed temperatures. Due to the high river flows, the cold spots were sharp and distinctly localized without measurable impact on down-stream surface water temperature. VHG patterns along the stream reach were highly variable in space, revealing strong differences even at small scales. VHG patterns alone are indicators of both, structural heterogeneity of the stream bed as well as of the spatial heterogeneity of the groundwater–surface water exchange fluxes and are thus not conclusive in their interpretation. However, in combination with the high spatial resolution FO-DTS data we were able to separate these two influences and clearly identify locations of enhanced exchange, while also obtaining information on the complex small-scale streambed transmissivity patterns responsible for the very discrete exchange patterns. The validation of the combined VHG and FO-DTS approach provides an effective strategy for analysing drivers and controls of groundwater–surface water exchange, with implications for the quantification of biogeochemical cycling and contaminant transport at aquifer–river interfaces.

scholarly journals Determining the Relation between Groundwater Flow Velocities and Measured Temperature Differences Using Active Heating-Distributed Temperature Sensing

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakx ◽  
Doornenbal ◽  
Weesep ◽  
Bense ◽  
Essink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Flow Equation ◽  
Absolute Temperature ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Distributed Temperature Sensing ◽  
Plan View ◽  
Flow Velocities

Active Heating-Distributed Temperature Sensing (AH-DTS) has the potential to allow for the measurement of groundwater flow velocities in situ. We placed DTS fiber-optic cables combined with a heating wire in direct contact with aquifer sediments in a laboratory scale groundwater flow simulator. Using this setup, we empirically determined the relationship between ΔT, the temperature difference by constant and uniform heating of the DTS cable and the background temperature of the groundwater system, and horizontal groundwater flow velocity. Second, we simulated the observed temperature response of the system using a plan-view heat transfer flow model to calibrate for the thermal properties of the sediment and to optimize cable setup for sensitivity to variation in groundwater flow velocities. Additionally, we derived an analytical solution based on the heat flow equation that can be used to explicitly calculate flow velocity from measured ΔT for this specific AH-DTS cable setup. We expect that this equation, after calibration for cable constitution, is valid for estimating groundwater flow velocity based on absolute temperature differences measured in field applications using this cable setup.

scholarly journals Upscaling lacustrine groundwater discharge rates by fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 7929-7944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Blume ◽  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Karin Meinikmann ◽  
Jörg Lewandowski
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Distributed Temperature Sensing ◽  
Discharge Rates

scholarly journals A distributed heat pulse sensor network for thermo-hydraulic monitoring of the soil subsurface

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna Abesser ◽  
Francesco Ciocca ◽  
John Findlay ◽  
David Hannah ◽  
Philip Blaen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Fibre Optic ◽  
Distributed Temperature Sensing ◽  
Content Type

Fibre optic distributed temperature sensing (DTS) is used increasingly for environmental monitoring and subsurface characterization. Combined with heating of metal elements embedded within the fibre optic cable, the temperature response of the soil provides valuable information from which soil parameters such as thermal conductivity and soil moisture can be derived at high spatial and temporal resolution, and over long distances.We present a novel active distributed temperature sensing (A-DTS) system and its application to characterize spatial and temporal dynamics in soil thermal conductivity along a recently forested hillslope in Central England, UK. Compared with conventional techniques (needle probe surveys), A-DTS provided values with a similar spread although lower on average. The larger number of measurement points that A-DTS provides at higher spatial and temporal resolutions and the ability to repeat surveys under different meteorological or hydrological conditions allow for a more detailed examination of the spatial and temporal variability of thermal conductivities at the study site. Although system deployment time and costs are higher than with needle probes, A-DTS can be extremely appealing for applications requiring long-term monitoring, at high temporal repeatability, over long (kilometres) distances and with minimum soil disturbance, compared with one-off spatial surveys.Thematic collection: This article is part of the Measurement and monitoring collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/measurement-and-monitoring

Value of DTS in Multi-Stacked Reservoirs to Better Understand Injectivity and Water Flood Effectiveness – A Field Example from the UAE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Gomes ◽  
Jane Mason ◽  
Graham Edmonstone
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Reservoir Management ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Dense Layer ◽  
Distributed Temperature Sensing ◽  
Injection Water

This paper highlights the application of downhole fiber optic (FO) distributed temperature sensing (DTS) measurements for well and reservoir management applications: 1) Wellbore water injectivity profiling. 2) Mapping of injection water movement in an underlying reservoir. The U.A.E. field in question is an elongated anticline containing several stacked carbonate oil bearing reservoirs (Figure 1). Reservoir A, where two DTS monitored, peripheral horizontal water injectors (Y-1 and Y-2) were drilled, is less developed and tighter than the immediately underlying, more prolific Reservoir B with 40 years of oil production and water injection history. Reservoirs A and B are of Lower Cretaceous age, limestone fabrics made up of several 4th order cycles, subdivided by several thin intra dense, 2-5 ft thick stylolitic intervals within the reservoir zones. Between Reservoir A and Reservoir B there is a dense limestone interval (30-50 ft), referred as dense layer in the Figure 1 well sections.

IDENTIFYING GROUNDWATER AND SURFACE WATER INTERACTION ZONES USING FIBER-OPTIC DISTRIBUTED TEMPERATURE SENSING

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honglei Liu ◽  
◽  
Yu-Feng Forrest Lin ◽  
Andrew J. Stumpf ◽  
Steve Sargent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Distributed Temperature Sensing ◽  
Water Interaction
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