scholarly journals PREPARATION OF THE DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL FOR ORTHOPHOTO CR PRODUCTION

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Z. Švec ◽  
K. Pavelka
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
The State ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Elevation Model

The Orthophoto CR is produced in co-operation with the Land Survey Office and the Military Geographical and Hydrometeorological Office. The product serves to ensure a defence of the state, integrated crisis management, civilian tasks in support of the state administration and the local self-government of the Czech Republic as well. It covers the whole area of the Republic and for ensuring its up-to-datedness is reproduced in the biennial period. As the project is countrywide, it keeps the project within the same parameters in urban and rural areas as well. Due to economic reasons it can´t be produced as a true ortophoto because it requires large side and forward overlaps of the aerial photographs and a preparation of the digital surface model instead of the digital terrain model. Use of DTM without some objects of DSM for orthogonalization purposes cause undesirable image deformations in the Orthophoto. There are a few data sets available for forming a suitable elevation model. The principal source should represent DTMs made from data acquired by the airborne laser scanning of the entire area of the Czech Republic that was carried out in the years 2009-2013, the DMR4G in the grid form and the DMR5G in TIN form respectively. It can be replenished by some vector objects (bridges, dams, etc.) taken from the geographic base data of the Czech Republic or obtained by new stereo plotting. It has to be taken into account that the option of applying DSM made from image correlation is also available. The article focuses on the possibilities of DTM supplement for ortogonalization. It looks back to the recent transition from grid to hybrid elevation models, problems that occurred, its solution and getting some practical remarks. Afterwards it assesses the current state and deals with the options for updating the model. Some accuracy analysis are included.

scholarly journals PREPARATION OF THE DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL FOR ORTHOPHOTO CR PRODUCTION

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Z. Švec ◽  
K. Pavelka
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
The State ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Elevation Model

The Orthophoto CR is produced in co-operation with the Land Survey Office and the Military Geographical and Hydrometeorological Office. The product serves to ensure a defence of the state, integrated crisis management, civilian tasks in support of the state administration and the local self-government of the Czech Republic as well. It covers the whole area of the Republic and for ensuring its up-to-datedness is reproduced in the biennial period. As the project is countrywide, it keeps the project within the same parameters in urban and rural areas as well. Due to economic reasons it can´t be produced as a true ortophoto because it requires large side and forward overlaps of the aerial photographs and a preparation of the digital surface model instead of the digital terrain model. Use of DTM without some objects of DSM for orthogonalization purposes cause undesirable image deformations in the Orthophoto. There are a few data sets available for forming a suitable elevation model. The principal source should represent DTMs made from data acquired by the airborne laser scanning of the entire area of the Czech Republic that was carried out in the years 2009-2013, the DMR4G in the grid form and the DMR5G in TIN form respectively. It can be replenished by some vector objects (bridges, dams, etc.) taken from the geographic base data of the Czech Republic or obtained by new stereo plotting. It has to be taken into account that the option of applying DSM made from image correlation is also available. The article focuses on the possibilities of DTM supplement for ortogonalization. It looks back to the recent transition from grid to hybrid elevation models, problems that occurred, its solution and getting some practical remarks. Afterwards it assesses the current state and deals with the options for updating the model. Some accuracy analysis are included.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCE OF TERRAIN RELIEF ROUGHNESS ON DEM ACCURACY GENERATED FROM LIDAR IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC TERRITORY

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B4 ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hubacek ◽  
V. Kovarik ◽  
V. Kratochvil
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
Check Points ◽  
Elevation Data ◽  
Dem Accuracy ◽  
Elevation Model

Digital elevation models are today a common part of geographic information systems and derived applications. The way of their creation is varied. It depends on the extent of area, required accuracy, delivery time, financial resources and technologies available. The first model covering the whole territory of the Czech Republic was created already in the early 1980's. Currently, the 5th DEM generation is being finished. Data collection for this model was realized using the airborne laser scanning which allowed creating the DEM of a new generation having the precision up to a decimetre. Model of such a precision expands the possibilities of employing the DEM and it also offers new opportunities for the use of elevation data especially in a domain of modelling the phenomena dependent on highly accurate data. The examples are precise modelling of hydrological phenomena, studying micro-relief objects, modelling the vehicle movement, detecting and describing historical changes of a landscape, designing constructions etc. <br><br> Due to a nature of the technology used for collecting data and generating DEM, it is assumed that the resulting model achieves lower accuracy in areas covered by vegetation and in built-up areas. Therefore the verification of model accuracy was carried out in five selected areas in Moravia. The network of check points was established using a total station in each area. To determine the reference heights of check points, the known geodetic points whose heights were defined using levelling were used. Up to several thousands of points were surveyed in each area. Individual points were selected according to a different configuration of relief, different surface types, and different vegetation coverage. The sets of deviations were obtained by comparing the DEM 5G heights with reference heights which was followed by verification of tested elevation model. Results of the analysis showed that the model reaches generally higher precision than the declared one in majority of areas. This applies in particular to areas covered by vegetation. By contrast, the larger deviations occurred in relation to the slope of the terrain, in particular in the micro-relief objects. The results are presented in this article.

scholarly journals Quality parameters of digital aerial survey and airborne laser scanning covering the entire area of the Czech Republic

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 15-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Šíma
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Aerial Survey ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Land Survey ◽  
The University

The paper illustrates the development of digital aerial survey and digital elevation models covering the entire area of the Czech Republic at the beginning of 21st century. It also presents some results of systematic investigation of their quality parameters reached by the author in cooperation with Department of Geomatics at the Faculty of Applied Sciences of the University of Western Bohemia in Pilsen and the Land Survey Office.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCE OF TERRAIN RELIEF ROUGHNESS ON DEM ACCURACY GENERATED FROM LIDAR IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC TERRITORY

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B4 ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hubacek ◽  
V. Kovarik ◽  
V. Kratochvil
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
Check Points ◽  
Elevation Data ◽  
Dem Accuracy ◽  
Elevation Model

Digital elevation models are today a common part of geographic information systems and derived applications. The way of their creation is varied. It depends on the extent of area, required accuracy, delivery time, financial resources and technologies available. The first model covering the whole territory of the Czech Republic was created already in the early 1980's. Currently, the 5th DEM generation is being finished. Data collection for this model was realized using the airborne laser scanning which allowed creating the DEM of a new generation having the precision up to a decimetre. Model of such a precision expands the possibilities of employing the DEM and it also offers new opportunities for the use of elevation data especially in a domain of modelling the phenomena dependent on highly accurate data. The examples are precise modelling of hydrological phenomena, studying micro-relief objects, modelling the vehicle movement, detecting and describing historical changes of a landscape, designing constructions etc. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; Due to a nature of the technology used for collecting data and generating DEM, it is assumed that the resulting model achieves lower accuracy in areas covered by vegetation and in built-up areas. Therefore the verification of model accuracy was carried out in five selected areas in Moravia. The network of check points was established using a total station in each area. To determine the reference heights of check points, the known geodetic points whose heights were defined using levelling were used. Up to several thousands of points were surveyed in each area. Individual points were selected according to a different configuration of relief, different surface types, and different vegetation coverage. The sets of deviations were obtained by comparing the DEM 5G heights with reference heights which was followed by verification of tested elevation model. Results of the analysis showed that the model reaches generally higher precision than the declared one in majority of areas. This applies in particular to areas covered by vegetation. By contrast, the larger deviations occurred in relation to the slope of the terrain, in particular in the micro-relief objects. The results are presented in this article.

scholarly journals Exploitation of Countrywide Airborne Lidar Dataset for Documentation of Historical Human Activities in Countryside

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Petr Dušánek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
The Czech Republic

During three years (2010 – 12) The Czech Office for Surveying, Mapping and Cadastre in cooperation with The Ministry of Defense of the Czech Republic and The Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic are providing mapping of the entire area of the Czech Republic by Airborne laser scanning (ALS) technology. The goal of this project is to derive a highly accurate Digital Terrain Model (DTM) for purposes of administration like detection of flooded areas, orthorectification of areal images etc. Such data set also seems to be an interesting da ta source for mapping of human activities in countryside. Human settlements, agriculture or mining activities left significant scars on natural landscape. These significant man-made structures are a part of so called cultural landscape. Man-made structures include ancient settlements, remains of medieval mining activities or remains of settlements abandoned during 20th century. This article generally presents how to derive information about the man-made structures from raw LiDAR. Examples of significant findings of man-made imprints in countryside are also presented. Goal of this article is not to describe a certain archeological site but to inform about strengths of ALS data to map human activities in countryside, mainly in forested areas.

scholarly journals USE OF AERIAL IMAGES FOR REGULAR UPDATES OF BUILDINGS IN THE FUNDAMENTAL BASE OF GEOGRAPHIC DATA OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-3/W2 ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Hron ◽  
L. Halounova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Image Matching ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Morphological Operations ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Geographic Data

Digital aerial images (DAI) include position, elevation and also spectral information (visible bands and near-infrared band) about the captured area. The aim of this paper is to present the possibilities of automatic analysis of DAI for updating of the Fundamental Base of Geographic Data of the Czech Republic with a focus on buildings. Regular updates of buildings (automatic detection of new and demolished buildings) are based on the analysis of coloured point clouds created by an automatic image matching technique from each time period. The created approach compares point clouds from different time periods to each other. The advantage of this solution is that it is independent of the manner of keeping the buildings in the database. It does not matter whether the buildings in the database have correct positions and their footprints correspond to the roof shapes or external walls. The involved method is robust because a digital surface model generated by image matching techniques can contain numerous errors. Shaded areas and objects with blurred textures are problematic for automatic image correlation algorithms and lead to false results. For this reason, derived layers containing additional information are used. Shadow masks (layers with modelled shadows) are used for the verification of indications and to filter out errors in the shaded areas using a contextual evaluation. Furthermore, additional information about the road and railway networks and morphological operations of opening and closing were used to achieve more accurate results. All these information sources are then evaluated using decision logic, which uses the generally applicable rules that are available for different datasets without the need for modification. The method was tested on different datasets with various types of buildings (villages, suburbs and city centres) which cover more than 20 square kilometres. The developed solution leads to very promising results without the need of acquiring new data.

scholarly journals The economic conditions for the utilisation of the land fund in the Czech Republic after its accession to the European Union

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 452-454
Author(s):  
M. Hrabánková
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Public Benefit

The important part of the increase of regional potential is the farming of the land fund. The economic conditions for its utilisation have been already prepared. They are based especially on the drawing of funds of the European Union, namely for the period after the accession of the Czech Republic to the European Union and for the years 2007&ndash;2013. The measures concerning the land are included in the prepared programme documentation, especially in the Horizontal Rural Development Plan (HRDP) and in the Operational Programme &ldquo;Agriculture&rdquo;. The farmers will obtain the direct payment per area (SAPS) in addition to supports on foregoing measures. The requirements for environment-friendly farming of land will be increased in the future. The economic conditions for next period will concentrate on these priorities. It will concern the securing of public benefit contributing to the sustainable development of rural areas. The project assurance of these trends and their regional monitoring and evaluation will be important.

scholarly journals The Assessment of Level of Flash Floods Threat of Urbanised Areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavla Štěpánková ◽  
Miroslav Dumbrovský ◽  
Karel Drbal
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Flood Risk Assessment ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Technical Measures

Flash floods (or torrential rain flooding) is another type of flood hazard which has caused casualties and significant property damages. A methodology for identification of urban areas, which can potentially be burdened by that type of flood hazard, was proposed. This method, also called Method of Critical Points (CP), is a repeatable process able to identify areas, which are significant in terms of formation of surface run‑off and erosion. As addition to the preliminary flood risk assessment according to EU Directive 2007/60/ES on the Assessment and Management of Flood Risks, the presented methodology was applied for the entire area of the Czech Republic and the results are being used for the updating of non‑technical measures, e.g. urban planning. In the article, the principles of methodology of CP are described and results of the first application in the Czech Republic are presented, as well as possible interpretations of them.

scholarly journals Position of seniors in rural areas in relation to the Czech Republic

Kontakt ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-423
Author(s):  
Renata Korcová ◽  
Jana Borská
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The Czech Republic
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