Modelling survival and connectivity of &lt;i&gt;Mnemiopsis leidyi&lt;/i&gt; in the south-western North Sea and Scheldt estuaries

Abstract. Three different models were applied to study the reproduction, survival and dispersal of Mnemiopsis leidyi in the Scheldt estuaries and the southern North Sea: a high-resolution particle tracking model with passive particles, a low-resolution particle tracking model with a reproduction model coupled to a biogeochemical model, and a dynamic energy budget (DEB) model. The results of the models, each with its strengths and weaknesses, suggest the following conceptual situation: (i) the estuaries possess enough retention capability to keep an overwintering population, and enough exchange with coastal waters of the North Sea to seed offshore populations; (ii) M. leidyi can survive in the North Sea, and be transported over considerable distances, thus facilitating connectivity between coastal embayments; (iii) under current climatic conditions, M. leidyi may not be able to reproduce in large numbers in coastal and offshore waters of the North Sea, but this may change with global warming; however, this result is subject to substantial uncertainty. Further quantitative observational work is needed on the effects of temperature, salinity and food availability on reproduction and on mortality at different life stages to improve models such as used here.

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Modelling survival and connectivity of <i>Mnemiopsis leidyi</i> in the southern North Sea and Scheldt estuaries

Ocean Science Discussions ◽

10.5194/osd-11-1561-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 1561-1611 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. van der Molen ◽

J. van Beek ◽

S. Augustine ◽

L. Vansteenbrugge ◽

L. van Walraven ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North Sea ◽

Particle Tracking ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽

Biogeochemical Model ◽

Southern North Sea ◽

The North ◽

Particle Tracking Model ◽

The North Sea ◽

Tracking Model

Abstract. Three different models were applied to study the reproduction, survival and dispersal of Mnemiopsis leidyi in the Scheldt estuaries and the southern North Sea: a high-resolution particle tracking model with passive particles, a low resolution particle tracking model with a reproduction model coupled to a biogeochemical model, and a dynamic energy budget (DEB) model. The results of the models, each with its strengths and weaknesses, suggest the following conceptual situation: (i) the estuaries possess enough retention capability to keep an overwintering population, and enough exchange with coastal waters of the North Sea to seed offshore populations; (ii) M. leidyi can survive in the North Sea, and be transported over considerable distances, thus facilitating connectivity between coastal embayments; (iii) under current climatic conditions, M. leidyi may not be able to reproduce in large numbers in coastal and offshore waters of the North Sea, but this may change with global warming – however this result is subject to substantial uncertainty. Further quantitative observational work is needed on the effects of temperature, salinity and food availability on reproduction and on mortality at different life stages to improve models such as used here.

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Development and Appraisal of a Particle Tracking Model for the Dispersion of Produced Water Discharged From an Oil Production Platform in the North Sea

Produced Water 2 ◽

10.1007/978-1-4613-0379-4_21 ◽

1996 ◽

pp. 225-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

R. Murray-Smith ◽

D. Gore ◽

S. A. Flynn ◽

I. Vance ◽

R. Stagg

Keyword(s):

North Sea ◽

Particle Tracking ◽

Produced Water ◽

Oil Production ◽

The North ◽

Particle Tracking Model ◽

Production Platform ◽

The North Sea ◽

Tracking Model

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Exceptional influx of oceanic species into the North Sea late 1997

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315498000885 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 79 (4) ◽

pp. 737-739 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

M. Edwards ◽

A.W.G. John ◽

H.G. Hunt ◽

J.A. Lindley

Keyword(s):

North Sea ◽

Indicator Species ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Historical Evidence ◽

East Atlantic ◽

North East ◽

The North ◽

The North Sea ◽

Oceanic Species

Continuous Plankton Recorder records from the North Sea and north-east Atlantic from September 1997 to March 1998 indicate an exceptional influx of oceanic indicator species into the North Sea. These inflow events, according to historical evidence, have only occurred sporadically during this century. This exceptional inflow and previous inflow events are discussed in relation to their similarity in terms of their physical and climatic conditions.

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IX.—On the Glacial Succession in Europe

Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh ◽

10.1017/s0080456800032555 ◽

1895 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 127-149

Author(s):

James Geikie

Keyword(s):

North Sea ◽

Western Europe ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Marine Origin ◽

The North ◽

Pleistocene Period ◽

The North Sea ◽

North Western

For many years geologists have recognised the occurrence of at least two boulder-clays in the British Islands and the corresponding latitudes of the Continent. It is no longer doubted that these are the products of two separate and distinct glacial epochs. This has been demonstrated by the appearance of intercalated deposits of terrestrial, freshwater, or, as the case may be, marine origin. Such interglacial accumulations have been met with again and again in Britain, and they have likewise been detected at many places on the Continent, between the border of the North Sea and the heart of Russia. Their organic contents indicate in some cases cold climatic conditions; in others, they imply a climate not less temperate or even more genial than that which now obtains in the regions where they occur. Nor are such interglacial beds confined to northern and north-western Europe. In the Alpine Lands of the central and southern regions of our Continent they are equally well developed. Impressed by the growing strength of the evidence, it is no wonder that geologists, after a season of doubt, should at last agree in the conclusion that the glacial conditions of the Pleistocene period were interrupted by at least one protracted interglacial epoch. Not a few observers go further, and maintain that the evidence indicates more than this. They hold that three or even more glacial epochs supervened in Pleistocene times. This is the conclusion I reached many years ago, and I now purpose reviewing the evidence which has accumulated since then, in order to show how far it goes to support that conclusion.

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Population genomic structure of the gelatinous zooplankton species Mnemiopsis leidyi in its nonindigenous range in the North Sea

Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.1002/ece3.5468 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 11-25

Author(s):

Christophe Verwimp ◽

Lies Vansteenbrugge ◽

Sofie Derycke ◽

Thomas Kerkhove ◽

Hilde Muylle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North Sea ◽

Genomic Structure ◽

Gelatinous Zooplankton ◽

Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽

Zooplankton Species ◽

The North ◽

Population Genomic ◽

The North Sea

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Do microplastics affect marine ecosystem productivity?

10.31230/osf.io/x78zs ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Tineke Troost ◽

Térence Desclaux ◽

Heather a. Leslie ◽

Myra van der Meulen ◽

A. Dick Vethaak

Keyword(s):

North Sea ◽

Secondary Production ◽

Marine Ecosystem ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Biogeochemical Model ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

The North ◽

The North Sea ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Secondary Productivity

Marine and coastal ecosystems are among the largest contributors to the Earth’s productivity. Experimental studies have shown negative impacts of microplastics on individual algae or zooplankton organisms. Consequently, primary and secondary productivity may be negatively affected as well. In this study we attempted to estimate the impacts on productivity at ecosystem level based on reported laboratory findings with a modelling approach, using our biogeochemical model for the North Sea (Delft3D-GEM). Although the model predicted that microplastics do not affect the total primary or secondary production of the North Sea as a whole, the spatial patterns of secondary production were altered, showing local changes of ±10%. However, relevant field data on microplastics are scarce, and strong assumptions were required to include the plastic concentrations and their impacts under field conditions into the model. These assumptions reveal the main knowledge gaps that have to be resolved to improve the first estimate above.

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Low-frequency variability in North Sea and Baltic Sea identified through simulations with the 3-D coupled physical–biogeochemical model ECOSMO

Earth System Dynamics ◽

10.5194/esd-8-801-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 801-815 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Ute Daewel ◽

Corinna Schrum

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

North Sea ◽

Decadal Variability ◽

Model Simulation ◽

Ecosystem Model ◽

Biogeochemical Model ◽

Ecosystem Productivity ◽

The North ◽

The North Sea

Abstract. Here we present results from a long-term model simulation of the 3-D coupled ecosystem model ECOSMO II for a North Sea and Baltic Sea set-up. The model allows both multi-decadal hindcast simulation of the marine system and specific process studies under controlled environmental conditions. Model results have been analysed with respect to long-term multi-decadal variability in both physical and biological parameters with the help of empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. The analysis of a 61-year (1948–2008) hindcast reveals a quasi-decadal variation in salinity, temperature and current fields in the North Sea in addition to singular events of major changes during restricted time frames. These changes in hydrodynamic variables were found to be associated with changes in ecosystem productivity that are temporally aligned with the timing of reported regime shifts in the areas. Our results clearly indicate that for analysing ecosystem productivity, spatially explicit methods are indispensable. Especially in the North Sea, a correlation analysis between atmospheric forcing and primary production (PP) reveals significant correlations between PP and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and wind forcing for the central part of the region, while the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO) and air temperature are correlated to long-term changes in PP in the southern North Sea frontal areas. Since correlations cannot serve to identify causal relationship, we performed scenario model runs perturbing the temporal variability in forcing condition to emphasize specifically the role of solar radiation, wind and eutrophication. The results revealed that, although all parameters are relevant for the magnitude of PP in the North Sea and Baltic Sea, the dominant impact on long-term variability and major shifts in ecosystem productivity was introduced by modulations of the wind fields.

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Low frequency variability in North Sea and Baltic Sea identified through simulations with the 3-d coupled physical-biogeochemical model ECOSMO

10.5194/esd-2017-36 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ute Daewel ◽

Corinna Schrum

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

North Sea ◽

Decadal Variability ◽

Model Simulation ◽

Ecosystem Model ◽

Biogeochemical Model ◽

Ecosystem Productivity ◽

The North ◽

The North Sea

Abstract. Here we present results from a long-term model simulation of the 3d coupled ecosystem model ECOSMO II for a North and Baltic Sea setup. The model allows both multi-decadal hindcast simulation of the marine system and specific process studies under controlled environmental conditions. Model results have been analysed with respect to long-term multi decadal variability in both physical and biological parameters with the help of empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. The analysis of a 61-year (1948–2008) long hind cast reveals a quasi-decadal variation on salinity, temperature and current fields in the North Sea in addition to singular events of major changes during restricted time frames. These changes in hydrodynamic variables where found to be associated to changes in ecosystem productivity that are temporally aligned with the timing of reported regime shifts in the areas. Our results clearly indicate that for analysing ecosystem productivity spatially explicit methods are indispensable. Especially in the North Sea a correlation analysis between atmospheric forcing and primary production (PP) reveals significant correlations for NAO and wind forcing for the central part of the region, while AMO and air temperature are correlated to long-term changes in the southern North Sea frontal areas. Since correlations cannot serve to identify causal relationship we performed scenario model runs with perturbing the temporal variability in forcing condition emphasizing specifically the role of solar radiation, wind and eutrophication. The results revealed that, although all parameters are relevant for the magnitude of PP in the North Sea and Baltic Sea, the dominant impact on long-term variability and major shifts in ecosystem productivity was introduced by modulations of the wind fields.

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