Epidemiological profile of users attended in the STD/HIV/AIDS testing and counseling centre

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1855
Author(s):  
Aurelice Pires Gama ◽  
Richardson Augusto Rosendo da Silva ◽  
Francisco Arnoldo Nunes de Miranda ◽  
Danyella Augusto Rosendo da Silva Costa

ABSTRACTObjective: to identify the sociodemographic and epidemiological characteristics of users attended in the Testing and Counseling Centre (TCC) in the city of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Method: this is a descriptive, documental, and retrospective study of a sample of 789 records of users, considering the following criteria: patients attended between January and December 2010 whose data contained in the source books were complete. The data were collected through a structured form and analyzed through the software Microsoft Excel. The project was approved by the Committee of Ethics in Research Involving Human Subjects of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, under the Certificate for Ethical Appreciation (CEA) 0145.0.051.000-10. Results: most users were adolescents, mainly female subjects, single, and living in the northern area of the city. The number of positive HIV and VDRL test reports is small considering the number of people examined (5.4% and 1.4%, respectively). Conclusion: there is a need for informatization of the TCC records and development of new studies on this context in order to verify if the low proportion of positive testing results might be related to the adoption of preventive measures among the population. Descriptors: counseling; acquired immune deficiency syndrome; HIV; healthcare service. RESUMOObjetivo: identificar as características sociodemográficas e epidemiológicas de usuários atendidos no Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento (CTA) do município de Natal-RN. Método: estudo descritivo, documental e retrospectivo de uma amostra de 789 registros de usuários, considerando os seguintes critérios: pacientes atendidos entre janeiro e dezembro de 2010 e cujos dados contidos nos livros de registro estivessem completos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um roteiro estruturado e posteriormente analisados utilizando-se a ferramenta Microsoft Excel. O projeto teve aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisas com seres humanos da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, sob o Certificado de Apresentação para Apreciação Ética (CAAE) n. 0145.0.051.000-10. Resultados: a maior parcela dos usuários foi composta por adolescentes, com predominância do sexo feminino, solteiras e procedentes da região administrativa norte do município. O número de registros positivos nos testes de HIV e VDRL é pequeno em relação ao total dos examinados (5,4% e 1,4%, respectivamente). Conclusão: há necessidade de informatização nos registros do CTA e de novos estudos sobre essa realidade para verificar se a baixa proporção de testes positivos estaria relacionada com a adoção de medidas de prevenção entre a população. Descritores: aconselhamento; síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida; HIV; serviço de saúde. RESUMENObjetivo: identificar las características socio-demográficas y epidemiológicas de usuarios atendidos en el Centro de Análisis e Información (CTA) del municipio de Natal – RN. Método: se trata de estudio descriptivo, documental y retrospectivo de una muestra de 789 registros de usuarios, considerando los siguientes criterios: pacientes atendidos entre enero y diciembre de 2010 y cuyos datos contenidos en los libros de registro estuvieran completos. Los datos se recogieron por medio de un guión estructurado, y posteriormente analizados utilizando la herramienta Microsoft Excel. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigaciones en seres humanos de la Universidad Federal de Río Grande do Norte, bajo Certificado de Presentación para Apreciación Ética (CAAE) nº 0145.0.051.000-10. Resultados: la mayor parte de los usuarios fue compuesta por adolescentes, con predominio del sexo femenino, solteras procedentes de la región administrativa norte del municipio. El número de registros positivos en los análisis de VIH y VDRL es pequeño en relación al total de los analizados (5,4 % y 1,4% respectivamente). Conclusión: se necesita informatizar los registros del CTA y nuevos estudios sobre esta realidad para verificar si la baja proporción de análisis positivos estaría relacionada a la adopción de medidas de prevención entre la población. Descriptores: información; síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida; VIH; servicio de sanidad.

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Eckenwiler

In a White House ceremony on May 16, 1997, President Clinton issued an apology on behalf of the nation for the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, a forty-year research project in which African-American men were deceived and denied treatment in order to document the natural course of syphilis. Reflection on this occasion can give us pause to take pride in the progress made toward more ethical research with humans. The President's apology is perhaps the most public of a number of recent events representing a renewed attention to ethics in research with human participants. Alongside it stand the efforts of treatment activists for people with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the revelations of the human radiation experiments. In 1995, President Clinton called for the creation of the National Bioethics Advisory Commission, which was charged with a host of projects aimed at investigating the organization and function of the federal system for overseeing human subjects research in the United States, and giving guidance on specific forms of research.


1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Joshi ◽  
Bruce Pawel ◽  
Edward Connor ◽  
Leroy Sharer ◽  
James Oleske ◽  
...  

2001 ◽  
Vol 356 (1410) ◽  
pp. 877-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Burr ◽  
J. M. Hyman ◽  
Gerald Myers

The subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV–1) group M exhibit a remarkable similarity in their between–subtype distances, which we refer to as high synchrony. The shape of the phylogenetic tree of these subtypes is referred to as a sunburst to distinguish it from a simple star phylogeny. Neither a sunburst pattern nor a comparable degree of symmetry is seen in a natural process such as in feline immunodeficiency virus evolution. We therefore have undertaken forward–process simulation studies employing coalescent theory to investigate whether such highly synchronized subtypes could be readily produced by natural Darwinian evolution. The forward model includes both classical (macro) and molecular (micro) epidemiological components. HIV–1 group M subtype synchrony is quantified using the standard deviation of the between–subtype distances and the average of the within–subtype distances. Highly synchronized subtypes and a sunburst phylogeny are not observed in our simulated data, leading to the conclusion that a quasi–Lamarckian, punctuated event occurred. The natural transfer theory for the origin of human acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) cannot easily be reconciled with these findings and it is as if a recent non–Darwinian process took place coincident with the rise of AIDS in Africa.


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