Mobile robot is an important branch in the technological field of the robot.It refers to computer science,automation,mechanism,electronic science etal .In the mobile robot technology research,the mobile robot obstacle detection is one important research aspect of the robot.In this article,by the motor of Shanghai Ingenious Automation Co,Ltd, at first, it measured the distance of the obstacle in front of the robot by using of the ultrasonic sensor and the related software installed inside the robot, analyzed the reasons for the error; and then took the obstacles avoiding experiments by using of the three ultrasonic sensors in front of the robot,the prosess could meet the general requirement,but for the special “table obstacle” which has a hole, the robot drilled into the hole, and could not avoid. Finally, the article gives the conclusion: the ultrasonic sensor alone can not meet the precise identification of the robot on the obstacles, it is necessary to combine with other sensors to improve accuracy of obstacles.