A Major Challenges Advanced Underground Drainage Monitoring and Automatic Rescue System using Internet of Things

In this project, An Advanced Underground Drainage Monitoring And Automatic Rescue System using Internet of Things is proposed to protect the sanitation workers form health issues. In India sewage can be cleaned from manholes and drains are a difficult and risky task for anyone, but these people/workers are forced to do these jobs just to earn for their family economy. In order to overcome this issues, a new device is proposed to monitor the human health while entering into the sewage and provide the health parameters in the real time to the officials outside or the control room. Particularly, blood pressure of sanitation workers and toxic gas level of drainage is monitored using this new proposed rescue system. The main component of this system is Arduino controller. There are three types of sensors such as Toxic gas sensor, Methane gas sensor and Ultrasonic sensor used for the proposed system. Water level indicator is used when drainage is full to find from ultrasonic sensor, SMS will be send through GSM technology. Methane Gas and Toxic gas sensor level is high, Buzzer will be ON at the same time location will be share automatically with the help of GPS. The received sensor details display on LCD at receiver with help of GSM. The performance of proposed system is compared with other existing system and shown to be more effective in terms of protect the sanitation workers from health issues.

Alarm System and Emergency Message from Wheelchair User Emergency Condition

When someone uses a wheelchair, there is still the possibility of an accident to the user, such as when the user suddenly falls down from the wheelchair or the user falls down along with the wheelchair. For notification of emergency conditions for wheelchair users, an alarm system is designed that can send messages to the intended mobile number. The system is designed using Wemos D1 mini, Ultrasonic, MPU-6050 and Proximity E18-D80NK sensors. The conclusion from the measurement and test results are: the value read by the MPU-6050 sensor is taken one axis for each direction when the wheelchair was falling down, Y≤180o for left falling down, X≤50o for right falling down, Z≤65o for forward falling and Z≥140o for backwards falling down. The Ultrasonic sensor works well for detecting the presence of user’s legs and the E18-D80NK proximity sensor works well for detecting the position of the user who is sitting in a wheelchair. Receiving notifications through the BLYNK server works well, not affected by distance provided there is an internet connection connected to the device.

Personal Assistant Robot

Since the boom in science and technology, humans have been trying to invent machines that could reduce their efforts in day to day activities. In this paper, we develop a personal assistant robot that could pick up objects and return it to the user. The robot is controlled using an android application in mobile phones. The robot can listen to user’s command and then respond in the best way possible. The user can command the robot to move to given location, capture images and pick objects. The robot is equipped with ultrasonic sensor and web camera that helps it to move to different location effectively. It is also equipped with sleds that play important role in object picking process. The robot uses a tiny YOLOv3 model which is rigorously trained on several images of the object. There are some possible improvements that can be achieved which could help this robot to be used in several other fields as well.

Vision-based vanishing point detection of autonomous navigation of mobile robot for outdoor applications

The vision-based approach to mobile robot navigation is considered superior due to its affordability. This paper aims to design and construct an autonomous mobile robot with a vision-based system for outdoor navigation. This robot receives inputs from camera and ultrasonic sensor. The camera is used to detect vanishing points and obstacles from the road. The vanishing point is used to detect the heading of the road. Lines are extracted from the environment using a canny edge detector and Houghline Transforms from OpenCV to navigate the system. Then, removed lines are processed to locate the vanishing point and the road angle. A low pass filter is then applied to detect a vanishing point better. The robot is tested to run in several outdoor conditions such as asphalt roads and pedestrian roads to follow the detected vanishing point. By implementing a Simple Blob Detector from OpenCV and ultrasonic sensor module, the obstacle's position in front of the robot is detected. The test results show that the robot can avoid obstacles while following the heading of the road in outdoor environments. Vision-based vanishing point detection is successfully applied for outdoor applications of autonomous mobile robot navigation.

Flaw Detection in Highly Scattering Materials Using a Simple Ultrasonic Sensor Employing Adaptive Template Matching

Ultrasonic sensors have been extensively used in the nondestructive testing of materials for flaw detection. For polycrystalline materials, however, due to the scattering nature of the material, which results in strong grain noise and attenuation of the ultrasonic signal, accurate detection of flaws is particularly difficult. In this paper, a novel flaw-detection method using a simple ultrasonic sensor is proposed by exploiting time-frequency features of an ultrasonic signal. Since grain scattering mostly happens in the Rayleigh scattering region, it is possible to separate grain-scattered noise from flaw echoes in the frequency domain employing their spectral difference. We start with the spectral modeling of grain noise and flaw echo, and how the two spectra evolve with time is established. Then, a time-adaptive spectrum model for flaw echo is proposed, which serves as a template for the flaw-detection procedure. Next, a specially designed similarity measure is proposed, based on which the similarity between the template spectrum and the spectrum of the signal at each time point is evaluated sequentially, producing a series of matching coefficients termed moving window spectrum similarity (MWSS). The time-delay information of flaws is directly indicated by the peaks of MWSSs. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is validated by both simulated and experimental signals, showing satisfactory accuracy and efficiency.

Covid 19 Early Warning Detection System

A mosque is a place of worship activities that is very crowded with people, especially if the mosque is located on the side of the road. Automatically, the mosque users are local people and outsiders who happen to cross the mosque. In the Covid-19 pandemic, anticipating the impact of its spread must be watched out, especially since this mosque is often visited by worshipers from outside (not the surrounding community). Inside the mosque, this aims to limit the number of worshipers in the mosque; the ultrasonic sensor functions to find out the people who are wrongly occupying the shaft or place of prayer with an indicator in the form of a buzzer. Thus this research aims to provide a solution to a sense of security and comfort to the local community and outsiders who will use the mosque to worship. In the mosque, a covid-19 early warning system has been implanted using three sensors, namely an infrared sensor, ultrasonic sensor, and infrared body temperature sensor. Based on reports in March 2021, there was a decrease in confirmed symptoms of Covid 19, which originally amounted to 82 people confirmed as Covid 19. After implementing the system, two reports were found to have died, 78 people said to be cured, and two people are still undergoing quarantine at their respective homes. Then enter the month of Ramadan in 2021, some reports confirm that Covid 19 is nil. It is a positive response that has a good impact on worshipers, especially those who use mosques as a means of worship. This data can be accessed through an application called "PeduliL Protects," which can be downloaded via the Android application in the play store under the zoning "Babakan Tarogong Village."

SMART WHEELCHAIR/VEHICLE FOR PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED PEOPLE WITH REVERSE GEAR OPERATION

This paper aims to design the vehicle for the physically challenged person with reverse gear system. This proposed vehicle helps them not to believe any third persons to require a reverse gear. Here we used \"tumbler gear” mechanism for our prototype where the gear is accustomed by changing the direction of gear. It contains two gears which place in parallel by changing their position with motor direction; that are often changed but in real time application we\'d wish to use ideal gear system with gear box. Also the bike contains ultrasonic sensor which supports echo signals to supply alert on taking reverse to avoid collision between other object. this technique also contains \"GPS\" which help their family to locate the position of the physically challenged person just easily. in case of any emergency, an ultrasonic sensor, GPS module and relay circuits are employed to drive the motor in our prototype.