scholarly journals Menstruation and the Bar Exam: Unconstitutional Tampon Bans

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Bridget J. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Legal Profession ◽  
Menstrual Products ◽  
Public Criticism

Some states have policies that prevent bar exam candidates from bringing their own menstrual products to the test. Via social media, awareness of these policies achieved new heights in the weeks leading up to the July 2020 bar exam. A small number of jurisdictions responded to public criticism by permitting test takers to bring menstrual products with them to the exam, whether administered traditionally or remotely in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Not all states have adopted permissive policies, however. This Essay explains why outright bans on menstrual products at the bar exam likely are unconstitutional. So-called alternate policies, such as making menstrual products available in women’s restrooms, are inadequate. Only a “free-carry” policy for menstrual products is consistent with welcoming all qualified candidates to the legal profession, without regard to biology.

Social media and social change lawyering: influencing change and silencing dissent

2018 ◽  
Vol 169 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Naomi Sayers
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Legal Profession ◽  
Upper Canada ◽  
Professional Conduct ◽  
Positive Approach ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
The Law

The Law Society of Ontario (formerly, the Law Society of Upper Canada) oversees the legal profession in Ontario, Canada, through The Rules of Professional Conduct (‘Rules’). All future lawyers and paralegals must adhere to the Rules. The Law Society sometimes provides guidance on sample policies informed by the Rules. In this article, the author closely examines the Law Society’s guidance on social media. The author argues that this guidance fails to understand how the Rules regulate experiences out of the legal profession and fails to see the positive possibilities of social media to influence social change, especially in ways that conflict with the colonial legal system. The author concludes that the Law Society must take a positive approach and provide some guidance for the legal profession on their social media use, especially around critiquing the colonial legal system. This positive approach is essential to avoid duplicating the systems and structures that perpetuate disadvantage in marginalized communities.

scholarly journals Restricted modes: Social media, content classification and LGBTQ sexual citizenship

2020 ◽  
pp. 146144482090436
Author(s):  
Clare Southerton ◽  
Daniel Marshall ◽  
Peter Aggleton ◽  
Mary Lou Rasmussen ◽  
Rob Cover
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Sexual Citizenship ◽  
Online Content ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Content Classification ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Public Criticism

In the context of recent controversies surrounding the censorship of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer online content, specifically on YouTube and Tumblr, we interrogate the relationship between normative understandings of sexual citizenship and the content classification regimes. We argue that these content classification systems and the platforms’ responses to public criticism both operate as norm-producing technologies, in which the complexities of sexuality and desire are obscured in order to cultivate notions of a ‘good’ lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or queer sexual citizen. However, despite normative work of classification seeking to distinguish between sexuality and sex, we argue that the high-profile failures of these classification systems create the conditions for users to draw attention to, rather than firm, these messy boundaries.

Tanzanian media will become a political battleground

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
The State ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Court ◽  
The Government ◽  
Public Criticism

Significance In early March, the Tanzanian High Court ruled in favour of the 2015 Cybercrimes Act, rejecting arguments that it breaks freedom of expression laws. Social media represents a potent forum for challenging the dominance of the state, as many African governments are realising, but in their efforts to control public narratives, they are failing to address the threat of cybercrime. Impacts The government is likely to increase the use of the Cybercrimes Act to target critical voices on social media. As the opposition strengthens, government efforts to quell public criticism in both old and new media will intensify. The government still maintains the support of donors, but attacks on individuals and opposition critics could undermine relationships. Far from limiting public criticism, excessive use of the Cybercrimes Act could intensify autocratic perceptions of Magufuli.

Criticizing Religion on Twitter

2019 ◽  
pp. 65-103
Author(s):  
Abdullah Hamidaddin
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Public Criticism

This chapter demonstrates the types of critical discussion on religion, showing that Saudis on Twitter have been critical of Islam in all its aspects, and that while critiques have stayed within the boundaries of orthodoxy Islam—albeit stretching that boundary—many others have crossed it into outright heresy. The chapter focuses on types of criticism that exhibit a tension between sensibilities shaped by modernity and traditional understandings of religion, demonstrating the effect of modernity on religion in Saudi Arabia. The chapter also briefly discusses the method of using Twitter hashtags as a source that exhibits various forms of discussions happening in Saudi Arabia, without claim about the extent of representation of the Saudi populace. The chapter also shows that criticism of religion has not been without antecedents, and that this public criticism can be seen as a new wave facilitated by the rise and ubiquity of social media, rather than as a novel phenomenon. In this chapter, most of the tweets here have been anonymized to protect the privacy of the tweeters but the hashtags from which those tweets were selected are available for further research.

scholarly journals Post-Christian Presupposition in Post-truth

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezra Tari ◽  
Reinaldy Hank Rouw ◽  
Hengki Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Literacy Training ◽  
Actual Content ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Public Criticism

This paper attempts to describe the challenges and opportunities of social media in post-truth. The author will discuss this in this paper that is first the process of presuppositions formation. Second, post-Christian presuppositions. Third, build theological presuppositions. The author found that the need for institutions that spread can discover elements of hoax in the narrative. Second, agencies are watching the news and responding to public criticism. Third, there is a competition to create the actual content—fourth, literacy training. Fifth, there is a guarantee of freedom of expression.

scholarly journals Challenging the Menstruation Taboo One Sale at a Time: The Role of Social Entrepreneurs in the Period Revolution

2020 ◽  
pp. 833-851
Author(s):  
Maria Carmen Punzi ◽  
Mirjam Werner
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Media Messaging ◽  
Menstrual Products ◽  
Market Strategies

Abstract Punzi and Werner offer an incisive analysis of the role of social entrepreneurs in the so-called ‘period revolution.’ The authors explore not only the market strategies and social media messaging of social enterprises, but also how other activists in the menstrual equity movement question or support their work. Building on interviews with 35 social entrepreneurs, communication with current and former Femcare employees, and participant observation of menstrual activists, this study provides a 360-degree view of the surprising number of social entrepreneurs who have entered the menstrual products space, their efforts to innovate and disrupt the industry, and the opportunities and potential pitfalls they face.

Social media and a case of mistaken identity: A newspaper’s response to journalistic error

Journalism ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-482
Author(s):  
Philippa K Smith ◽  
Helen Sissons
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Social Media ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Daily Newspaper ◽  
Mistaken Identity ◽  
Incorrect Information ◽  
Public Criticism

Journalists can obtain information faster than ever before and interact with a variety of sources across multiple platforms from Facebook to Twitter without leaving their desk. The pressure to get stories online as soon as possible is not without its drawbacks, however. Incorrect information and photographs can be published even when not properly verified and, although these mistakes can be rectified quickly once identified, the credibility of a news organisation is at risk. Our research was prompted by the chance capture of a photograph published in a daily newspaper that mistakenly identified a New Zealand-born Israeli soldier who was shot dead during a firefight in Gaza in 2014 as an American actor. This presented an opportunity to investigate and understand the challenges journalists face in sourcing information in the digital age. Our research takes a two-pronged approach. First, we establish what went wrong in the newsroom that led to this case of mistaken identity drawing public criticism and ridicule, and second, we analyse the editor’s apology to highlight the news organisation’s efforts to restore its image and regain the trust of its readers in the professionalism of its journalism.

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