Haptic Exploration of Objects for Area Comparison and Measurement by Students with Visual Impairment: The Role of Objects’ Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrysanthi Skoumpourdi ◽  
Maria Koza
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Haptic Exploration

scholarly journals Mice with mutations in Trpm1, a gene in the locus of 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome, display pronounced hyperactivity and decreased anxiety-like behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesshu Hori ◽  
Shohei Ikuta ◽  
Satoko Hattori ◽  
Keizo Takao ◽  
Tsuyoshi Miyakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Mutant Mice ◽  
Chromosome 15 ◽  
Microdeletion Syndrome ◽  
Visual Transduction ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Null Mutant Mice

AbstractThe 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by a wide spectrum of psychiatric disorders that is caused by the deletion of a region containing 7 genes on chromosome 15 (MTMR10, FAN1, TRPM1, MIR211, KLF13, OTUD7A, and CHRNA7). The contribution of each gene in this syndrome has been studied using mutant mouse models, but no single mouse model recapitulates the whole spectrum of human 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome. The behavior of Trpm1−/− mice has not been investigated in relation to 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome due to the visual impairment in these mice, which may confound the results of behavioral tests involving vision. We were able to perform a comprehensive behavioral test battery using Trpm1 null mutant mice to investigate the role of Trpm1, which is thought to be expressed solely in the retina, in the central nervous system and to examine the relationship between TRPM1 and 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome. Our data demonstrate that Trpm1−/− mice exhibit abnormal behaviors that may explain some phenotypes of 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome, including reduced anxiety-like behavior, abnormal social interaction, attenuated fear memory, and the most prominent phenotype of Trpm1 mutant mice, hyperactivity. While the ON visual transduction pathway is impaired in Trpm1−/− mice, we did not detect compensatory high sensitivities for other sensory modalities. The pathway for visual impairment is the same between Trpm1−/− mice and mGluR6−/− mice, but hyperlocomotor activity has not been reported in mGluR6−/− mice. These data suggest that the phenotype of Trpm1−/− mice extends beyond that expected from visual impairment alone. Here, we provide the first evidence associating TRPM1 with impairment of cognitive function similar to that observed in phenotypes of 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome.

Psychological Factors in Acquired Visual Impairment: The Development of a Scale of Adjustment

1991 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 306-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Dodds ◽  
P. Bailey ◽  
A. Pearson ◽  
L. Yates
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Visual Loss ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Testable Model

A number of psychological variables bearing on the process of adjustment to acquired visual loss are examined conceptually and empirically in an attempt to clarify their relationships and to develop a testable model of adjustment which might enable rehabilitation specialists to identify clients with special problems, evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs, and determine the role of psychological factors in the context of skill acquisition. The model presented offers an alternative to existing psychodynamic models in that it is in principle a testable one. Preliminary analysis of data has resulted in the devising of a questionnaire tentatively called the Nottingham Adjustment Scale, which practitioners and researchers are encouraged to use.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the role of the colour tent in vision stimulation for children with complex disabilities and cerebral visual impairment: A feasibility study

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-114
Author(s):  
Rachel Fiona Pilling ◽  
Suzanne Mary Little
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Visual Awareness ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Sustained Effect ◽  
Visual Behaviour ◽  
Attentional Responses ◽  
Cerebral Visual Impairment

Children with profound and multiple disabilities commonly have their visual impairment overlooked when seeking to meet their complex health needs. The act of surrounding a child with little or no apparent visual function by a monochromatic translucent tent can serve to ‘switch on’ a child’s visual system. The aim of the project was to investigate the role of using colour tents to bring about attentional responses in children with complex disabilities including cerebral visual impairment. The evaluation comprises three phases, repeated on four occasions over the space of 4 weeks. The child’s visual attention prior to entering the tent and during the 5 minutes after leaving the tent was recorded. Moreover, the child’s responses and behaviours while in the tent were recorded. Nine children participated in the evaluation, mean age 6 years (range: 5–9 years). All children showed a change in visual behaviour on at least one occasion while in the colour tent. Most children required more than one session before a change in visual behaviour was noted. Only two children showed increase in visual awareness after any session, and there was no sustained effect demonstrated. This feasibility study has demonstrated that a short series of sessions in a colour tent is insufficient to demonstrate the effectiveness of a colour tent in stimulating visual awareness in children with complex needs. The methodology was acceptable to parents and teachers and lessons have been learned which will inform future studies.

Role of Optic Nerve Sheath Fenestration in Inflammatory Pachymeningitis Causing Visual Impairment

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Sol Bae ◽  
Hamish Dunn ◽  
Kate Leahy ◽  
Kimberley Tan ◽  
Brett O’Donnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Fenestration ◽  
Nerve Sheath

scholarly journals Role of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Spaceflight-induced Ocular Changes and Visual Impairment in Astronaut

Radiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 285 (3) ◽  
pp. 1063-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noam Alperin ◽  
Ahmet M. Bagci ◽  
Carlos J. Oliu ◽  
Sang H. Lee ◽  
Byron L. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Ocular Changes

Visual Changes among Older Workers: Implications for Workstation Design

1986 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 801-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond P. Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Workstation Design ◽  
Visual Changes ◽  
Age Related Changes

Older workers consist of those who have experienced age related changes in vision or visual impairment. Age related visual changes may be compensated for largely through modifications of workstation lighting. Visual impairment requires much more extensive and individual redesign based on a careful task evaluation. The role of visual assessment is discussed.

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